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1.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(5): 261-265, sept.-oct. 2011. graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-101716

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La varicela es una enfermedad viral aguda propia de la infancia y altamente contagiosa que se manifiesta, de forma habitual, por síntomas leves asociados a una erupción vesicular con formación final de costras. Sin embargo, esta infección puede ocasionar complicaciones importantes en diferentes órganos y sistemas y causar, incluso, la muerte del paciente. Pacientes y métodos. Se revisan de forma retrospectiva las historias clínicas de los niños hospitalizados por complicaciones en el contexto de varicela entre el año2005 y el 2009. Se estudiaron las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, antecedentes personales, vacuna antivaricela, presencia o no de inmunodepresión, exámenes complementarios, duración del ingreso, tratamiento, diagnósticos al alta, evolución, complicaciones y secuelas al alta. Resultados. La muestra consta de 25 niños, con una edad media de 2,4 años; 92% eran menores de 5 años. Ninguno había sido vacunado contra el virus varicela-zoster. Ningún niño se encontraba inmunodeprimido. La duración media de ingreso fue e 5,16 días. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron las infecciosas, entre ellas, las infecciones cutáneas bacterianas (88%), seguidas de las neurológicas (8%) y de las renales (4%). Conclusiones. A pesar de su aparente benignidad, la varicela y sus complicaciones presentan una elevada morbilidad y un importe coste social que apoyan la introducción de la vacunación universal (AU)


Introduction. Varicella is an acute viral disease own of the childhood. Highly contagious, that pronounces with slight symptoms associate to a vesicular eruption with a final scab formation; but that can get to present different types from complications at different organs and systems from important way causing the death of the patient. Patients and methods. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children hospitalized with complications in the context of the disease between 2005 and 2009. The variables studied are: age, gender, personal history, varicella immunization, immune status, complementary investigations, length of hospital stay, treatment, discharge diagnosis, clinical course, complications and sequelae at discharge. Results. Our sample consists of 25 children, with an average age of 2.4 years; 92% were younger than 5 years. None had been vaccinated against the Varicella-Zoster virus. More of the children were inmunodeficient. The average stay total income was 5,16 days. The most frequent complications were the skin (88%), followed by neurological (8%) and renal complications (4%). Conclusions. Despite his usual mild, Varicella and its complications have a high morbidity and an important social cost that support the introduction of universal vaccination (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Chickenpox/epidemiology , Herpesvirus 3, Human/pathogenicity , Chickenpox Vaccine/administration & dosage , Retrospective Studies , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Chickenpox/complications
2.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(2): 115-117, mar.-abr. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-101701

ABSTRACT

La hidatidosis es una de las más importantes parasitosis zoonóticas de los países mediterráneos y de Sudamérica, en los que constituye un importante problema de salud. El contagio humano ocurre fundamentalmente en la infancia, por mecanismos de transmisión fecal-oral, al ingerir los huevos del parásito. En general, los pacientes permanecen asintomáticos durante mucho tiempo, debido al crecimiento lento de los quistes que pueden afectar a cualquier órgano de la anatomía, aunque se localizan en la mayoría de los casos en hígado y pulmón. Su diagnóstico se realiza fundamentalmente por técnicas de imagen y su tratamiento sigue siendo eminentemente quirúrgico (AU)


Hydatidosis is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic diseases of Mediterranean and South American countries where they constitute a significant health problem. The human contagion happens fundamentally in the infancy, by faecal-oral transmission, because of parasite´s eggs ingestion. In general the patients remain asymptomatic for a long time, due to the sluggish growth of the cysts that can concern any organ of the anatomy, though they are located in the majority of the cases in liver and lung. Its diagnosis is realized essentially by image techniques and its treatment continues being eminently surgical (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Echinococcosis/complications , Multiple Organ Failure/parasitology , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Echinococcosis/surgery
3.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 64(4): 286-288, jul.-ago. 2008. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-60220

ABSTRACT

El dolor abdominal es un síntoma frecuente en la infancia que puede aparecer hasta en un 10-15% de los niños siendo la patología de la vesícula biliar responsable de un pequeño porcentaje de los casos. Es difícil conocer la prevalencia exacta de la litiasis biliar en niños porque muchos pacientes están asintomáticos y la gran difusión de la ecografía ha sido la que ha permitido establecerla mejor. Al igual que en adultos los tres tipos principales de cálculos biliares son de colesterol, pigmento negro y pigmento marrón, cada uno asociado con diferentes enfermedades. La forma de presentación de la patología biliar depende de la enfermedad asociada, siendo lo más frecuente la aparición de síntomas biliares. La ecografía abdominal se considera la prueba de imagen de elección para el diagnóstico y seguimiento. Tras el diagnóstico la actitud terapéutica varia según la sintomatología y puede ir desde un seguimiento clínico periódico, hasta tratamiento médico con ácido ursodesoxicólico o cirugía, siendo la colecistectomía laparoscopia la técnica de elección (AU)


Abdominal pain has been reported to occur in 10-15% of children but the presence of gallstones is the cause of very few cases. Ascertaining the true prevalence of gallbladder stones in children is difficult because many patients are asymptomatic. The introduction of ultrasonography allowed noninvasive screening for gallstone disease and therefore a more accurate estimate of prevalence. As in adults there are three major types of stones: cholesterol, black pigment and brown pigment each type associated with different diseases. The presentation of gallbladder disease depends on the underlying disease and the most frequent clinical presentation is with biliary symptoms. The ultrasonography is firmly established as the gold standard diagnostic procedure. After the diagnosis patients can be followed clinically without other treatment because the benign course of gallstones in children, also medical treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid is indicated in oligsymptomatic patients. Laparoscopic cholecytectomy is the procedure of choice in children requiring cholecystectomy, mainly in patients with underlying diseases (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Cholelithiasis/diagnosis , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Cholelithiasis/drug therapy , Cholelithiasis/surgery , Abdominal Pain/diagnosis , Cholecystectomy , Ursodeoxycholic Acid/therapeutic use
4.
Am J Med Genet ; 98(2): 201-3, 2001 Jan 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11223858

ABSTRACT

Hyperthermia is defined as a temperature of at least 1.5 degrees C over the normal core body temperature. It is a proven teratogen in animals and in humans. The type of defects induced by hyperthermia in experimental animals are: anencephaly/exencephaly, encephalocele, microphthalmia, arthrogryposis, abdominal wall defects, limb deficiencies, embryonic death, and resorption. In humans it has been observed that infants prenatally exposed to hyperthermia presented with spina bifida, encephalocele, microphthalmia, micrognathia, external ear anomalies, cardiac defects, hypospadias, gastrointestinal defects, cleft lip and/or cleft palate, abdominal wall defects, diaphragmatic hernia, Hirschsprung disease, Möbius syndrome, oromandibular-limb hypogenesis spectrum, and spontaneous abortions. We describe an additional case with severe limb deficiencies whose mother had fever over 39 degrees C for 2 days in the second and in the fourth month of amenorrhoea. We conclude that, based on the degree of development of the humeri and the femora and the type of limb deficiencies, this case presents a disruption that most probably occurred in the fourth month of gestation.


Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple/etiology , Fetus/pathology , Fever/complications , Limb Deformities, Congenital , Adult , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Hyperthermia, Induced , Infant , Male , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications
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