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1.
Rev. Esp. Cir. Ortop. Traumatol. (Ed. Impr.) ; 60(5): 306-314, sept.-oct. 2016. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-155740

ABSTRACT

Introducción. En la patología del hombro pocas son las maniobras exploradoras verdaderamente discriminatorias y útiles en la clínica. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es correlacionar la exploración física del hombro con el diagnóstico real hallado por artroscopia. Métodos. Estudio retrospectivo tipo serie de casos de 150 pacientes con las principales patologías quirúrgicas de hombro. Se recogieron datos de la sospecha de cada patología según la exploración física del paciente y el hallazgo real de las mismas durante la cirugía artroscópica. Resultados. Las maniobras de exploración de la lesión de Bankart es la que ha obtenido mejores resultados con un valor predictivo positivo (VPP) del 92,1% y un valor predictivo negativo (VPN) del 99,1%, seguida por el síndrome subacromial con un VPP del 94,4%, la rotura total del manguito con un VPP del 92,3%. La exploración en la lesión SLAP tiene un VPN de 99,1%. Conclusión. La exploración física es suficiente para diagnosticar o descartar una lesión de Bankart. Una exploración física positiva es diagnóstica de rotura total del manguito de los rotadores y no requiere estudios complementarios. Los pacientes con sospecha de síndrome subacromial solo necesitarán una RM confirmatoria si los test físicos son negativos. Las conclusiones extraídas del presente trabajo pueden tener una importante repercusión tanto en ahorro de costes (por reducción de pruebas complementarias), como por ahorro de tiempo en determinados casos en los que, tras la exploración física adecuada, se puede indicar cirugía sin necesidad de pasos intermedios (AU)


Introduction. Only a few clinical exploratory manoeuvres are truly discriminatory and useful in shoulder disease. The aim of this study is to correlate the physical examination results of the shoulder with the true diagnosis found by arthroscopy. Methods. A retrospective case series of 150 patients with the most common surgical conditions of the shoulder. Data were collected on the suspicion of each pathology, the physical examination of the patient, and the actual discovery of the disease during arthroscopic surgery. Results. The Bankart examination manoeuvres of the lesion show the best results, with a 92.1% positive prediction value (PPV), a 99.1% negative predictive value (NPV), followed by the impingement syndrome, with a PPV of 94.4%, and total cuff rupture with a PPV of 92.3%.Exploration of the superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesion had an NPV of 99.1%. Conclusion. Physical examination is sufficient to diagnose or rule out Bankart. A positive physical examination provides the complete rupture of the rotator cuff, and requires further studies. The patients suspected of subacromial syndrome only need an NMR if the physical tests are negative. The conclusions drawn from this work can have a significant impact on both cost savings (by reducing forward tests), and saving time in certain cases in which, after appropriate physical examination, surgery may be indicated without losing time in intermediate steps (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Physical Examination/instrumentation , Physical Examination/methods , Incidental Findings , Shoulder/pathology , Shoulder , Arthroscopy/instrumentation , Arthroscopy/methods , Arthroscopy/statistics & numerical data , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Physical Examination/standards , Physical Examination , 28599 , Retrospective Studies , Predictive Value of Tests , Shoulder Impingement Syndrome/epidemiology , Shoulder Impingement Syndrome/pathology , Rotator Cuff/injuries , Rotator Cuff/pathology , Rotator Cuff
2.
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol ; 60(5): 306-14, 2016.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27435988

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Only a few clinical exploratory manoeuvres are truly discriminatory and useful in shoulder disease. The aim of this study is to correlate the physical examination results of the shoulder with the true diagnosis found by arthroscopy. METHODS: A retrospective case series of 150 patients with the most common surgical conditions of the shoulder. Data were collected on the suspicion of each pathology, the physical examination of the patient, and the actual discovery of the disease during arthroscopic surgery. RESULTS: The Bankart examination manoeuvres of the lesion show the best results, with a 92.1% positive prediction value (PPV), a 99.1% negative predictive value (NPV), followed by the impingement syndrome, with a PPV of 94.4%, and total cuff rupture with a PPV of 92.3%.Exploration of the superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesion had an NPV of 99.1%. CONCLUSION: Physical examination is sufficient to diagnose or rule out Bankart. A positive physical examination provides the complete rupture of the rotator cuff, and requires further studies. The patients suspected of subacromial syndrome only need an NMR if the physical tests are negative. The conclusions drawn from this work can have a significant impact on both cost savings (by reducing forward tests), and saving time in certain cases in which, after appropriate physical examination, surgery may be indicated without losing time in intermediate steps.


Subject(s)
Arthroscopy , Joint Diseases/diagnosis , Physical Examination , Shoulder Injuries/diagnosis , Shoulder Joint/surgery , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Joint Diseases/surgery , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle Aged , Predictive Value of Tests , Retrospective Studies , Shoulder Injuries/surgery
3.
Rev. esp. enferm. metab. óseas (Ed. impr.) ; 18(4): 85-89, oct.-dic. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-76598

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. Los objetivos de este estudio son analizar las características epidemiológicas de las fracturas vertebrales osteoporóticas no quirúrgicas en mujeres, así como la posible relación que se da entre refractura y la existencia o no de tratamiento preventivo secundario contra la misma tras la primera fractura vertebral en un período de seguimiento de diez años. Métodos. Se realiza un estudio de cohortes clínicas retrospectivas de un total de 77 mujeres con fractura vertebral osteoporótica no quirúrgica con un tiempo de seguimiento de diez años. Como variable dependiente se considera el riesgo de refractura y como variables independientes la edad al ingreso, el número de fracturas vertebrales osteoporóticas, los cambios en la actividad de la vida, el dolor de espalda, el tratamiento, el tratamiento previo con corticoides, las benzodiacepinas o psicotrópicos, el tabaco, el consumo de alcohol, el déficit estrogénico, el peso, la vida sedentaria, el déficit visual, la patología tiroidea y la dificultad para levantarse de la silla. Resultados. El riesgo de nueva fractura vertebral o no vertebral a los 10 años tras la primera fractura es del 26%. Al comparar los riesgos de refractura atendiendo las características epidemiológicas, observamos que el porcentaje de refracturas aumenta con respecto al número de fracturas vertebrales en el primer episodio, siendo del 21,4% en el caso de una fractura vertebral, del 25,4% en el caso de dos fracturas vertebrales y del 50% cuando se trata de tres. La mayoría de las fracturas ocurren tras accidentes dentro de la rutina de la vida diaria. Sin embargo, no todos los pacientes experimentan un restablecimiento completo tras la fractura, ya que alrededor del 35% de estos enfermos sufren síntomas persistentes. Conclusiones. Los factores relacionados estadísticamente con la refractura son la edad mayor de 70 años, la deprivación de estrógenos y la dificultad para levantarse de la silla. Las pacientes que han recibido tratamiento frente a la osteoporosis tras la primera fractura vertebral tienen menos riesgo de refractura (odds ratio [OR]: 0,32) con respecto al grupo que no ha recibido tratamiento alguno frente a la osteoporosis(AU)


Objectives. This study has aimed to study the epidemiological characteristics of non-surgical osteoporotic vertebral fractures in women and the possible relationship existing between refracture and the existence or non-existence of secondary preventive treatment against it after the first vertebral fracture in a 10-year follow-up period. Methods. A clinical retrospective study of cohorts of a total of 77 women with non-surgical osteoporotic vertebral fracture with a 10-year follow-up period was performed. The dependent variable was considered to be risk of refracture and independent variables as age on admission, number of osteoporotic vertebral fractures, changes in life activity, back pain, treatment, previous treatment with corticosteroids, benzodiazepines or psychotropics, tobacco, alcohol consumption, estrogen deficit, weight, sedentary lifestyle, visual deficit, thyroid disease and difficulty getting up from the chair. Results. The risk of a new vertebral or non-vertebral fracture at 10 years after the first fracture is 26.0%. When the risks of refracture are compared according to the epidemiological characteristics, we observe that the percentage of refractures increases in regards to the number of vertebral fractures in the first episode, this being 21.4% in the case of one vertebral fracture, 25.4% in the case of two vertebral fractures and 50% when there are three vertebral fractures. Most of the fractures occur after accidents within the daily life routine. However, not all the patients have complete restablishment after the fracture, since approximately 35% of these patients suffer persistent symptoms. Conclusions. The factors that are statistically related with refracture are age over 70 years, estrogen deprivation and difficulty getting out of the chair. Patients who received treatment for osteoporosis after the first vertebral fracture have a lower risk of refracture (OR of 0.32) in regards to the group that did not receive any treatment for osteoporosis(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Risk Factors , Spinal Injuries/epidemiology , Osteoporosis/complications , Osteoporosis/epidemiology , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/complications , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/diagnosis , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/epidemiology , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Cervical Vertebrae/injuries , Cervical Vertebrae/pathology , Spine , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Cohort Studies , Receptors, GABA-A/therapeutic use , Diphosphonates/therapeutic use , Vitamin D/therapeutic use
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