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1.
Am J Hum Biol ; 29(5)2017 Sep 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28455842

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The main aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that body frame size is related to the amount of fat in different adipose tissue depots and to fat distribution in schoolchildren. METHODS: Children aged between 5 and 10 years were included in this cross-sectional study (n = 565). Body frame size, adiposity markers (anthropometric, skinfolds thickness, and ultrasound measures), and fat distribution indices were analyzed. Correlation coefficients adjusted by reliability were estimated and analyzed by sex; the significance of the difference between two correlation coefficients was assessed using the Fisher z-transformation. RESULTS: The sample included primarily urban children; 58.6% were normal weight, 16.1% overweight, 19.6% obese, and the rest were underweight. Markers of subcutaneous adiposity, fat mass and fat-free mass, and preperitoneal adiposity showed higher and significant correlations with the sum of the biacromial + bitrochanteric diameter than with the elbow diameter, regardless of sex. The fat distribution conicity index presented significant but weak correlations; and visceral adipose tissue, hepatic steatosis, and the waist-for-hip ratio were not significantly correlated with body frame size measures. CONCLUSIONS: Body frame size in school children was related to the amount of adipose tissue in different depots, but not adipose distribution. More studies are needed to confirm this relationship and its importance to predict changes in visceral fat deposition during growth.


Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue/metabolism , Body Fat Distribution , Body Size , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico
2.
Ginecol Obstet Mex ; 79(4): 225-9, 2011 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21966810

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Brain tumors are present in 2.9 per 100,000 newborn. Craniopharyngioma is a benign and slow growing brain tumor, frequently localized in the sellar and suprasellar region. There are few reports of pituitary tumor detected prenatally. CASE REPORT: We report a neonate with a craniopharyngioma detected prenatally as a pituitary tumor. In a 23 year old mother, second gestation, with no important history, was detected a sellar tumor at 31 gestation weeks, the obstetric ultrasound reported a suprasellar tumor of 2 per 3 cm diameter. Pregnancy ended in a vaginal delivery at 39 weeks, and obtained a 3.9 kg female, with cephalic diameter of 37.5 cm, the Apgar score was 8-9 at 1st and 5th minutes. In early neonatal period was scanned and confirmed a 3.2/2.3/2.9 cm suprasellar tumor with calcium deposits. The Paediatric Oncology department suggested a surgery and was realized a craniotomy at 3rd week of age. The surgery allowed to obtain 30% of the tumor and confirmed by histology craniopharyngioma. Patient had favourable evolution and was discharged at 3 months of age. CONCLUSIONS: We report a neonate in who was detected by prenatal ultrasound the presence of a suprasellar solid tumor, scan and magnetic resonance images in neonatal period defined its size and location and a craniopharyngioma was confirmed by histology. Patient had a satisfactory postsurgical evolution and was discharged at 3 months of age.


Subject(s)
Craniopharyngioma/congenital , Pituitary Neoplasms/congenital , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Craniopharyngioma/diagnostic imaging , Craniopharyngioma/embryology , Craniopharyngioma/surgery , Craniotomy , Female , Humans , Hypophysectomy/methods , Infant, Newborn , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pituitary Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Pituitary Neoplasms/embryology , Pituitary Neoplasms/surgery , Remission Induction , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Young Adult
3.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 68(5): 374-379, sep.-oct. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-700934

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Un accidente cerebro-vascular de origen isquémico y/o hemorrágico aumenta la morbi-mortalidad neonatal. Se estima que ocurre en 1:4,000 recién nacidos. En este trabajo se reporta un recién nacido de término con un accidente cerebro-vascular aparentemente espontáneo. Caso Clínico. Se trata de un recién nacido, madre de 31 años, segunda gesta de término que cursó con diabetes gestacional y fue tratada sólo con dieta. Inició con trabajo de parto a las 41.5 semanas de gestación por FUM; se efectuó cesárea por desproporción céfalo pélvica. Se obtuvo producto femenino de 3,640 g calificado con Apgar 8-9, se le aplicaron sólo pasos iniciales de reanimación. En el primer día de vida presentó desviación de la comisura labial a la derecha y movimientos tónico-clónicos en hemicuerpo derecho en 2 ocasiones; se inició fenobarbital. Los resultados de laboratorio para glucemia, sodio, calcio, potasio, creatinina, tiempos de coagulación y biometría hemática fueron normales; los cultivos de líquido cefalo-raquídeo fueron negativos, la punción lumbar se consideró traumática. El ultrasonido fontanelar no mostró alteraciones sugestivas de un evento hemorrágico ni alteraciones a nivel ventricular; sin embargo, al tercer día de vida se practicó tomografía axial computarizada de cráneo simple visualizándose una zona hipodensa con un patrón geográfico hacia la región tempo-parietal izquierda con aspecto de evento vascular isquémico en el territorio de la arteria cerebral media. Conclusiones. Se continuó con fenobarbital y ácido acetilsalicílico. Permaneció asintomática por lo que se egresó al séptimo día de vida. Se citó a consulta externa en Neurología Pediátrica.


Background. Cerebral vascular accident (CVA) is an important cause of hemorrhagic or ischemic cerebral injury and increases neonatal morbidity and mortality. It occurs in 1/4000 term neonates. We report a case of a neonate with a spontaneous CVA. Case report. We present the case of a newborn (NB) who was delivered from a 31-year old mother. It was the second pregnancy with 41.5 gestation weeks. The mother presented gestational diabetes controlled only by dietary therapy. A 3640 g, apparently healthy female was obtained by cesarean delivery that was indicated due to cephalopelvic disproportion. Apgar scores were 8-9 according to the conventional time points. The pediatrician used only initial steps of reanimation. During the first day of life, the infant presented a deviation of the right mouth commissure and tonic-clonic movements on the right half of the body two times. The newborn was treated with phenobarbital intravenous infusion. Laboratory tests were all normal, and cultures of cerebrospinal fluid and blood were considered negative. A head sonogram showed no evidence of hemorrhage or ventricular distortion but a cranial CT reported a low-density zone suggesting a cerebral infarction in the left parietal and temporal regions. Conclusions. We continued to treat with phenobarbital and acetylsalicylic acid and the patient remained asymptomatic prior to discharge at the 7th day of life, recommending follow-up with a pediatric neurologist.

4.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 48(6): 635-8, 2010.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21184719

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Prematurity is observed in 5-8% of deliveries, and is frequent cause of handicap. Premature have 5-24% risk for developing periventricular leukomalacia (PLM). The use of antenatal steroids (AS) is controversial for preventing PLM. METHODS: We studied 110 premature neonates < 1500 g, divided in 2 groups: control (group 1, n = 55), and group 2 (n = 55) who received antenatal dexamethasone. We registered clinical data, evolution and use of oxygen or mechanical ventilation. At one month age a transfontanelar ultrasound was done looking specific PLM. RESULTS: In group 1, found 6/55 (10.9%) with PLM and 3/55 (5.4%) in group 2, RR = 0.5, CI 95% (0.13-1.90). In group 1: 30/55 (54.54%) the ultrasound was normal; in 16 (29%) had intraventricular haemorrhage, and in 3 cases (5.45%) had severe hydrocephalus. In group 2: 32/55 (58.18%) ultrasound was normal, 16/55 (29%) had intraventricular haemorrhage, 4/55 (7.27%) had severe hydrocephalus. We did not find significant difference between other variables in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in PLM incidence between patients who did or did not received antenatal dexamethasone.


Subject(s)
Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Fetal Therapies , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Leukomalacia, Periventricular/prevention & control , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Prospective Studies
5.
Ginecol Obstet Mex ; 77(9): 436-40, 2009 Sep.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19899434

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: There are few reports of prenatal diagnosis of severe pulmonary valvar stenosis (PVS). It affects 1/22,000 newborn and represents 8-10% of total congenital cardiac defects. Clinic CASE: we report a case of a neonate in which was prenatally detected a pulmonary valvar stenosis and was successfully corrected with early valvuloplasty. From a 36-Year-old woman sent to evaluation to the fetal maternal unit because a tricuspid valvar insufficiency detected at 36 gestation weeks (GW). A VPS was suspected before born and a pregnancy ended in programated caesarean delivery at 38 GW, obtaining a 3 kg male, in which early echocardiography reported a severe PVS, promptly was initiated prostaglandin E1 (PgE1) infusion avoiding patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure, following a percutaneus balloon dilatation valvuloplasty at 48 hours, improving cyanosis and transvalvular Doppler flow. CONCLUSION: we report a neonate referred with an opportune prenatal diagnosis of tricuspid insufficiency and confirmed a severe PVS, PgE1 was infused immediately after born, allowing successfully balloon dilatation valvuloplasty in first 48 hours.


Subject(s)
Catheterization , Pulmonary Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Valve Stenosis/therapy , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Adult , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn
6.
Rev. gastroenterol. Méx ; 63(1): 33-6, ene.-mar. 1998. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-240887

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Presentar un paciente con síndrome de Allgrove y disfunción neurológica periférica y autonómica. Un caso no informado previamente en la literatura médica nacional. Antecedentes. El síndrome de Allgrove es una entidad patológica poco común caracterizada por acalasia, alacrima (ausencia de lágrimas) e insuficiencia suprarrenal el cual se presenta por lo general en niños. En la literatura se han descrito casos aislados. La serie más grande, consistente en 20 pacientes procedentes de varios países de Europa, fue publicada en 1993. Método. Se describe un caso clínico compatible con síndrome de Allgrove y se realiza un revisión bibliográfica haciendo énfasis en las alteraciones neurológicas las cuales no han sido bien caracterizadas en estos pacientes. Resultados. Se presenta un paciente de 12 años de edad quien fue admitido al hospital por sifagia. Se sospechó el diagnóstico de acalasia por endoscopia, esofagograma y se confirmó por manometría. El examan clínico mostró además alacrima y datos de disfunción neurológica y del intelecto. La prueba de estimulación suprarrenal con ACTH (Cortosin) fue normal. La evaluación neurológica mostró datos de neuropatía periférica de predominio motor y axonal; datos clínicos de neuropatía autonómica; afección de la vía corticoespinal y retraso psicomotor y del coeficiente intelectual. Conclusiones. El síndrome de Allgrove debe incluirse en el diagnóstico diferencial de los infantes con acalasia. La insuficiencia suprarrenal podría aparecer después de realizado el diagnóstico de la enfermedad. La disfunción neurológica parece ser la lesión más prominente de este síndrome


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Esophageal Achalasia/complications , Esophageal Achalasia/diagnosis , Electromyography , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/complications , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Intellectual Disability/complications , Intellectual Disability/diagnosis , Tears , Manometry , Neurologic Examination , Psychomotor Disorders/complications , Psychomotor Disorders/diagnosis , Syndrome
7.
Rev. gastroenterol. Méx ; 61(1): 43-6, ene.-mar. 1996. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-181628

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. El propósito de este reporte es el de dar relevancia al uso de la imagen por resonancia magnética, método que brinda una excelente caracterización de tejidos, siendo sumamente útil en el diagnóstico de pequeños tumores del páncreas. Antecedente. La tomografía axial y la angiografía han sido empleados como los métodos tradicionales en la detección de neoplasias pancreáticas, dependiendo ambos métodos de grandes cantidades de contraste intravenoso para identificar básicamente lesiones bien vascularizadas. Método. Se utilizó un equipo de resonancia de medio campo magnético (.5 Tesla) pra descartar tumor pancreático en una paciente femenina de 37 años con hipoglicemia y que en forma previa había sido tratada por crisis convulsivas. Resultado. Se identificó un nódulo hipointenso de 1.0 cm en la unión del cuerpo y la cola del páncreas, corroborado por cirugía y patología como tumor de células insulares. Conclusiones. La imagen por resonancia magnética, por su capacidad de proporcionar contraste de tejidos y amplia resolución espacial, como en el caso aquí presentado, es el método no invasivo ideal en la identificación de tumores insulares del páncreas


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Insulinoma , Insulinoma/pathology , Insulinoma/physiopathology , Pancreas , Pancreas/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
8.
Rev. mex. radiol ; 41(4): 129-31, oct.-dic. 1987. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-103942

ABSTRACT

Se informan las historias de dos pacientes con diagnóstico de quistes simples no parasitarios del hígado que dado su gran volumen, daban sintomatología importante. El manejo, tradicionalmente quirúrgico fue efectuado mediante punción y drenaje percutáneo colocando un catéter externo para su drenaje completo. El procedimiento fue guiado mediante ultrasonido. la posibilidad de recidiva fue descartada mediante la esclerosis de las paredes del quiste con la administracíon de hidropolietoxidodecano


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Humans , Female , Punctures , Drainage , Cysts/surgery , Liver Diseases/surgery , Ultrasonography , Mexico
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