ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between chronotype, general health status and sleep quality in a sample of Spanish nurses. METHOD: An observational study assessing morningness-eveningness predisposition, general health status and quality of sleep was conducted between January and April 2018. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. A linear regression model was carried out to determine the influence of the variables on the morningness-eveningness type. RESULTS: Morning-type was associated with aging (ß = 0.249, p = 0.005), being married (ß = 3.970, p = 0.033), and with a self-assessed low daily sleepiness (ß = -0.311, p = 0.152). Good quality of sleep was moderately correlated with high values of general health (r = 0.337) and perceived quality of life (r = 0.426). CONCLUSION: Anomalies of the circadian rhythm together with the features of shift workers may play an important role in predicting self-assessed general health status or the quality of sleep in nurses.
Subject(s)
Nurses , Quality of Life , Circadian Rhythm , Humans , Sleep , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the association between chronotype, general health status and sleep quality in a sample of Spanish nurses. Method An observational study assessing morningness-eveningness predisposition, general health status and quality of sleep was conducted between January and April 2018. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. A linear regression model was carried out to determine the influence of the variables on the morningness-eveningness type. Results Morning-type was associated with aging (β = 0.249, p = 0.005), being married (β = 3.970, p = 0.033), and with a self-assessed low daily sleepiness (β = -0.311, p = 0.152). Good quality of sleep was moderately correlated with high values of general health (r = 0.337) and perceived quality of life (r = 0.426). Conclusion Anomalies of the circadian rhythm together with the features of shift workers may play an important role in predicting self-assessed general health status or the quality of sleep in nurses.
RESUMEN Objetivo Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la asociación entre el cronotipo, el estado general de salud y la calidad del sueño en una muestra de enfermeras españolas. Método Desde enero a abril de 2018, se realizó un estudio observacional para evaluar la predisposición matutina-vespertina, el estado de salud general y la calidad del sueño. Se realizaron análisis univariante y multivariante. Se efectuó un modelo de regresión lineal para determinar la influencia de las variables en el tipo matutino-vespertino. Resultados El tipo matutino se asoció con el envejecimiento (β = 0,249; p = 0,005), estar casado (β = 3,970; p = 0,033) y con un bajo nivel de somnolencia diaria autoevaluada (β = -0,311; p = 0,152). La buena calidad del sueño se correlacionó moderadamente con valores altos de salud general (r = 0,337) y de calidad de vida percibida (r = 0,426). Conclusión Las anomalías del ritmo circadiano junto con las características de los trabajadores por turnos pueden desempeñar un papel importante en la predicción del estado de salud general autoevaluado o la calidad del sueño de las enfermeras.
RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre cronótipo, estado geral de saúde e qualidade do sono em uma amostra de enfermeiras espanholas. Método Foi realizado um estudo observacional entre janeiro e abril de 2018 que avaliou a predisposição matutina-vespertina, o estado geral de saúde e a qualidade do sono. Foram realizadas análises univariadas e multivariadas. Um modelo de regressão linear foi realizado para determinar a influência das variáveis sobre o tipo matutino-vespertino. Resultados O tipo matinal foi associado ao envelhecimento (β = 0,249, p = 0,005), ser casado (β = 3,970, p = 0,033) e com baixa sonolência diária autoavaliada (β = -0,311, p = 0,152). Boa qualidade de sono foi moderadamente correlacionada com altos valores de saúde geral (r = 0,337) e qualidade de vida percebida (r = 0,426). Conclusão Anomalias do ritmo circadiano em conjunto com as características dos trabalhadores em turnos podem desempenhar um papel importante na previsão do estado geral de saúde autoavaliado ou da qualidade do sono em enfermeiras.
Subject(s)
Sleep , Occupational Health , Nurses , Health StatusABSTRACT
AIM: To synthesize evidence about the effect of individual circadian preference (chronotype) and gender in the development of sleep and mood problems in nursing professionals. BACKGROUND: Shift workers are more prone to having unhealthy habits and unfavourable clinical conditions than nonshift workers. These associations are mediated by chronotype and gender differences have also been detected. DESIGN: A quantitative systematic review. DATA SOURCES: Electronic searches were performed in MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science from 1 July 2012 - 1 July 2017. REVIEW METHODS: A systematic review was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and two quality assessment tools: the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and GRADE. Inclusion criteria were quantitative studies where the sample consists entirely of nurses, analysing circadian rhythms or individual chronotype or gender and sleep/mood disturbances in nursing activity. The review was reported using the PRISMA statement. RESULTS: A total of 23 studies were included in the review (five cohort studies and 18 cross-sectional studies). Data on gender-specific attention were scarce (two studies) and showed a higher incidence of sleep problems. Female nurses with eveningness-oriented personality seem to be more prone to having sleep disorders, insomnia, fatigue, and anxiety than male and morningness ones. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence seems to show that female nurses with an evening-oriented preference suffer more problems of insomnia, sleepiness, fatigue, and anxiety. The impact of our results may affect nurses, patient safety and the quality of clinical practice.
