Functional outcomes and complications of patients contaminated with Cutibacterium acnes during primary reverse shoulder arthroplasty: study at two- and five-years of follow-up.

PURPOSE: The objective of the study was to compare the functional outcomes and the complication rate of the patients with C. acnes contamination at the end of the primary reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) surgery to those patients without C. acnes contamination. METHOD: A total of 162 patients were included. In all cases, skin and deep tissue cultures were obtained. A molecular typing characterization of the C. acnes strains was performed. Functional outcomes were assessed with the Constant score at the two and five year follow-up and all complications were also recorded. RESULTS: A total of 1380 cultures were obtained from the 162 primary RSA surgeries. Of those, 96 turned out to be positive for C. acnes. There were 25 patients with positive cultures for C. acnes. The overall postoperative Constant score was not significantly different between those patients having C. acnes-positive cultures and those with negative cultures at the two and five year follow-up (59.2 vs. 59.6 at two years, p 0.870, and 59.5 vs. 62.4 at five years, p 0.360). Patients with positive cultures presented a higher complication rate (p 0.001) with two infections, one revision surgery, and one dislocation. CONCLUSION: Patients ending up with C. acnes-positive cultures after primary shoulder arthroplasty surgery do not have worse clinical outcomes when compared to patients having negative cultures, but a greater number of complications were found in those patients with C. acnes-positive cultures.

Quality of life and adverse events in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer receiving adjuvant treatment with BCG, MMC, or chemohyperthermia.

INTRODUCTION: Chemohyperthermia (CHT) with mitomycin C (MMC) is together with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), and passive MMC, a treatment option for patients with non muscle-invasive bladder cancer. There are no data published about the impact of CHT in quality of life (QoL). We evaluated QoL and adverse events (AE) in this 3-arm observational study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective observational study from September 2016 to March 2017, we recruited consecutive patients that received adjuvant treatment after transurethral resection of bladder tumor. Patients received induction courses of either BCG, CHT, or passive MMC. Patients filled the questionnaires Functional assessment of cancer therapy for bladder cancer patients (FACT-Bl) and International prostate symptom score (IPSS) before, during, and after the induction course. A urologist documented AE using Common Terminology Criteria for AE (CTCAE criteria). RESULTS: A total of 56 patients, receiving a total of 296 bladder instillations (BCG n = 27, CHT n = 14 and MMC n = 15). FACT-Bl showed statistically significant differences in the fourth week in favor of CHT versus BCG, IPSS did not show statistically significant differences before, during, and after induction course in all 3 arms. All patients recovered their baseline QoL at the end of the induction treatment. Overall 55.5%, 50% and 20% of patients presented any grade of AE in the BCG, CHT and MMC groups respectively. About 7% of patients in BCG and CHT arms had to discontinue treatment due to AE. BCG and CHT showed a similar rate of AE but in CHT were mostly grade I and BCG had grade I, II, and IV. Passive MMC had the safest profile. CONCLUSION: There are no clinically significant differences between BCG, CHT, and passive MMC regarding QoL and lower urinary tract symptoms during the induction course. CHT has a more favorable AE profile when compared with BCG.