ABSTRACT
El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con o sin Hiperactividad (TDAH) es la enfermedad neuropsiquiátrica crónica más prevalente en pediatría, interfiere en el desarrollo normal del niño y trasciende a la adolescencia y la vida adulta. El diagnóstico se desarrollará si el niño muestra los síntomas principales de falta de atención o hiperactividad-impulsividad, con consecuencias en distintos aspectos de la vida cotidiana, tales como los logros académicos, la vida familiar o las interacciones sociales con los otros niños. Estos síntomas aparecerán a lo largo de la vida de diferentes maneras. Cuando el niño es pequeño, la hiperactividad y la impulsividad prevalecerán, pero a medida que el niño crece, será más evidentes la distraibilidad y la dificultad para recordar cosas y hechos. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar si hay diferencias en la valoración de los signos del TDAH entre padres y madres en comparación con el diagnóstico del profesional sanitario, según el sexo de los niños y el subtipo del trastorno. Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional y descriptivo de la información proporcionada por padres y madres en el cuestionario Vanderbilt. Participaron un total de 78 casos de niños y niñas diagnosticados de TDAH con edades entre los 6 y 16 años que acudieron a la Consulta de Neuropediatría del Hospital Valle del Nalón (Asturias) entre octubre de 2011 y marzo de 2013. Respecto al diagnóstico de déficit de atención, la media de respuestas positivas otorgadas por las madres (7.38 ± 1.81) es superior a la de los padres (6.47 ± 2.46). Lo mismo sucede en el caso del diagnóstico de hiperactividad/impulsividad, con una media de puntuaciones de las madres (5.80 ± 2.90) con una respuesta positiva superior a las de los padres (4.74 ± 3.04). Se ha observado que las madres muestran un mayor porcentaje de concordancia con el diagnóstico médico (86.3 %) cuando el hijo es una niña que cuando es un niño (66 %), mientras que para los padres el porcentaje de concordancia fue menor, del 50 %, cuando el hijo es niña, y del 44.6 % cuando es niño (AU)
The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent chronic neuropsychiatric illness in childhood. It interferes with normal development of children. Its impact transcends childhood to appear in adolescence and adulthood. Diagnosis would be developed if the child shows the main symptoms of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity, with consequences in different aspects of daily life, such as academic achievements, family life or social interactions with other children. These symptoms will come up along life in different ways. When the child is young, hyperactivity and impulsivity prevail, but as he/she grows, the dispersion and difficulty to remember things and facts will become more evident. The aim of the study was to assess with the Vanderbilt scale, based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, the differences of the impact of ADHD among parents, in comparison to the medical diagnosis. A retrospective study was carried out by using this questionnaire, which completed by both parents individually. A total of 78 children took part in this study, all of them diagnosed with ADHD, with ages ranging from 6 to 16 years old, who attended to Neuropedriatics at Valle del Nalón Hospital (Asturias), between October 2011 and March 2013. Regarding attention deficit, the average of positive responses given by mothers (7.38 ± 1.81) was higher than that offered by fathers (6.47 ± 2.46). The same is true for hyperactivity/impulsivity, with average scores of mothers (5.80 ± 2.90) which were one positive response higher than those given by male parents (4.74 ± 3.04). Mothers show a higher percentage of agreement with the medical diagnosis (86.3 %) when the child was a girl and 66 % with boys, whereas for fathers the percentage of agreement was less than 50 % female children and 44.6 % for male children (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/nursing , Gender Identity , Nurse's Role/psychology , Mental Health/standards , Child Behavior/physiology , Comorbidity , Surveys and Questionnaires , Parent-Child Relations , Parents/psychologyABSTRACT
The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent chronic neuropsychiatric illness in childhood. It interferes with normal development of children. Its impact transcends childhood to appear in adolescence and adulthood. Diagnosis would be developed if the child shows the main symptoms of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity, with consequences in different aspects of daily life, such as academic achievements, family life or social interactions with other children. These symptoms will come up along life in different ways. When the child is young, hyperactivity and impulsivity prevail, but as he/she grows, the dispersion and difficulty to remember things and facts will become more evident. The aim of the study was to assess with the Vanderbilt scale, based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, the differences of the impact of ADHD among parents, in comparison to the medical diagnosis. A retrospective study was carried out by using this questionnaire, which completed by both parents individually. A total of 78 children took part in this study, all of them diagnosed with ages ranging from 6 to 16 years old, who attended to Neuropedriatics at VAlle del Nalón Hospital(Asturias), between October 2011 and March 2013. Regarding attention deficit, the average responses given by mothers (7.38 ± 1.81) was higher than that offered by fathers (647 ± 2/46). The same is true for hyperactivity/impulsivity, with average scores of mothers (5.80 ± 2.90) which were one positive response higher than those given by male patients (4.74 ± 3.04). Mothers show a higher percentage of agreement with the medical diagnosis (86.3%) when the child was a girl and 66% with boys, whereas for fathers the percentage of agreement was less than 50% female children and 44.6% for male children.
