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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(1): 281-284, Jan.-Feb. 2020. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1088906

ABSTRACT

As serpentes vindas da natureza e encaminhadas para centros de reabilitação ou de pesquisa têm uma idade incerta. Na natureza, esses animais, muitas vezes atingem um tamanho corpóreo menor do que os indivíduos cativos devido a uma menor frequência de alimentação. Assim, a idade de uma cobra recém-chegada da natureza é geralmente estimada com base em seu tamanho corpóreo, o qual é comparado com dados em cativeiro. A utilização dos meios de diagnóstico por imagem tem auxiliado a medicina na análise das serpentes em cativeiro, mediante avaliação da estrutura óssea, dos órgãos e de alterações. Este trabalho relata o uso de diagnóstico por imagem (radiografia e ultrassonografia) para identificar a presença de microchips e, consequentemente, estimar a idade de uma Bothrops insularis em cativeiro.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Body Weights and Measures/veterinary , Bothrops/growth & development , Lab-On-A-Chip Devices/veterinary , Longevity , Radiography/veterinary , Ultrasonography/veterinary
2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 71(4): 1093-1099, jul.-ago. 2019. tab, ilus, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX, LILACS | ID: biblio-1038630

ABSTRACT

Boids are large, constrictor snakes that feed mostly on mammals, reptiles, and birds. These animals are commonly raised as pets, and their improper handling can favor the emergence of fungal infections, which can lead to dermatological diseases that are undiagnosed in nature. Here, we isolate and identify the filamentous fungi that compose the mycobiota of the scales of boid snakes kept in captivity at the Biological Museum of the Butantan Institute. Thirty individuals of four species were evaluated: four Eunectes murinus, twelve Boa constrictor constrictor, seven Corallus hortulanus, and seven Epicrates crassus. Microbiological samples were collected by rubbing small square carpets on the snake scales. We isolated five genera of fungi: Penicillium sp. (30%), Aspergillus sp. (25%), Mucor sp. (25%), Acremonium sp. (10%), and Scopulariopsis sp. (10%). Approximately half of the snakes evaluated had filamentous fungi on the scales, but only 12% of the individuals were colonized by more than one fungal genus. We found no dermatophytes in the evaluated species. Our results provide an overview of the fungal mycobiota of the population of boids kept in the Biological Museum, allowing the identification of possible pathogens.(AU)


Boidae são serpentes grandes e constritoras, que comem normalmente mamíferos, répteis e aves. São comumente criadas como animais de estimação, e seu manuseio inadequado pode favorecer infecções fúngicas emergentes, as quais podem causar doenças dermatológicas que não são diagnosticadas na natureza. Foram isolados e identificados os fungos filamentosos da microbiota das escamas das serpentes Boidae mantidas em cativeiro no Museu Biológico do Instituto Butantan. Trinta indivíduos de quatro espécies foram avaliados: quatro Eunectes murinus, 12 Boa constrictor constrictor, sete Corallus hortulanus e sete Epicrates crassus. As amostras microbiológicas foram coletadas por fricção, em pequenos quadrados de carpete das escamas das serpentes. Isolaram-se cinco gêneros de fungos: Penicillium sp. (30%), Aspergillus sp. (25%), Mucor sp. (25%), Acremonium sp. (10%) e Scopulariopsis sp. (10%). Aproximadamente metade das serpentes avaliadas tinham fungos filamentosos nas escamas e apenas 12% dos indivíduos foram colonizados por mais de um gênero. Não foram encontrados dermatófitos nas espécies avaliadas. Os resultados mostraram uma visão geral da microbiota fúngica da população de boídeos mantidos no Museu Biológico, o que permitiu a identificação de possíveis patógenos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Boidae/microbiology , Dermatomycoses/veterinary , Animal Scales/microbiology , Mycobiome
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(4): 1172-1178, jul.-ago. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-946393

ABSTRACT

Hematology has become important for making clinical diagnoses in snakes because maintenance techniques in captivity have been improving and increasing their life expectancy. The emergence of diseases in captivity requires the creation of parameters to understand the species in their healthy state. The possible association between the onset of neoplasia, immunosuppression, and viral infection are also important factors to consider. Thus, hematology is a fundamental tool for observing the responses of animals to diseases and treatments. The present study aims to study hematology between two species of snakes and compare the profiles observed with published results. Blood samples were collected from 16 male and female snakes: seven Corallus hortulanus from the family Boidae and nine Python bivittatus from the family Pythonidae belonging to the Biological Museum of the Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil. Complete blood count results including blood smear, total erythrocyte count, leukocytes, and differential leukocyte count were evaluated. The data obtained in this study could help with the diagnosis, the treatment of snakes in captive conditions and in of nature conservation programs.(AU)


A hematologia das serpentes tem se tornado algo de grande importância para o diagnóstico clínico, visto que as técnicas de manutenção em cativeiro vêm aumentando a expectativa de vida. O surgimento de doenças em cativeiro leva à necessidade de criar parâmetros para conhecer as espécies em seu estado hígido. A possível associação entre o surgimento de neoplasias, imunossupressão e infecção viral também é um importante fator a ser considerado. Assim, a hematologia é uma ferramenta fundamental para se observarem as respostas dos animais diante das doenças e dos tratamentos. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo o estudo hematológico entre duas espécies de serpentes e a comparação dos perfis encontrados com a literatura atual. Foi coletado sangue de 16 serpentes de ambos os sexos da família Boidae: sete Corallus hortulanus, e da família Pythonidae: nove Python bivittatus, pertencentes ao Museu Biológico do Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brasil. Foram avaliados o hemograma completo com esfregaço sanguíneo, a contagem total de eritrócitos, os leucócitos e a contagem diferencial de leucócitos. Os dados obtidos neste estudo poderão auxiliar no diagnóstico e no tratamento de serpentes em cativeiro e em programas de conservação da natureza.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Hematology/methods , Snakes/blood , Blood Cell Count
4.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 69(6): 1560-1564, nov.-dez. 2017. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-910566

ABSTRACT

Large snakes of the Boidae family, such as Eunectes murinus, require special techniques to facilitate their care when they are sick. Thus, an acupuncture technique called moxibustion was applied that utilizes burning of the weed Artemisia vulgaris for heating at specific points on the skin without handling the animals. The objective of this case report was to describe the use of moxibustion acupuncture as an auxiliary treatment for snakes. A female, 4.0 meters long and weighing about 30 kg, belonging to a Biological Museum of the Butantan Institute, showed symptoms of weight loss, anorexia and hyperemia in the ventral region. The snake was examined and treated with ciprofloxacin antibiotics and a month showed an area of necrosis that exposed the muscles in the dorsal cranial region. The female was treated with moxibustion and application of silver sulfadiazine cream at the site of the lesion. After seven months of treatment, the animal showed signs of good healing with complete wound closure. This technique of moxibustion could be easily applied without restraint, an important detail given the size of the snake, and with successful closure of the lesion.(AU)


Grandes serpentes da família Boidae, como Eunectes murinus, requerem técnicas especiais para facilitar seus cuidados quando estão doentes. Assim, uma técnica de acupuntura, chamada de moxabustão, foi aplicada utilizando-se a queima da erva Artemisia vulgaris para aquecer pontos específicos na pele, sem manusear os animais. O objetivo deste relato de caso foi descrever o uso da acupuntura moxabustão como um tratamento auxiliar para serpentes. Uma fêmea com 4,0m de comprimento e pesando cerca de 30kg, pertencente ao Museu Biológico do Instituto Butantan, apresentou sintomas de perda de peso, anorexia e hiperemia na região ventral. A serpente foi examinada e tratada com o antibiótico ciprofloxacina e um mês depois mostrou uma área de necrose, que expôs os músculos da região dorsal cranial. A fêmea foi tratada com moxabustão e aplicação do creme de sulfadiazina de prata no local da lesão. Depois de sete meses de tratamento, o animal mostrou sinais de boa cicatrização, com fechamento completo da ferida. Essa técnica de moxabustão pode ser facilmente aplicada sem restrição, um detalhe importante dado o tamanho da serpente, e com fechamento bem-sucedido da lesão.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Artemisia , Moxibustion/statistics & numerical data , Moxibustion/veterinary , Snakes/injuries , Wounds and Injuries/therapy , Acupuncture Therapy/veterinary
5.
Am J Transplant ; 17(10): 2696-2704, 2017 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28556492

ABSTRACT

The Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) became a driving factor in deceased donor kidney allocation on December 4, 2014, with the implementation of the kidney allocation system (KAS). On April 20, 2016, the annual recalibration of the Kidney Donor Risk Index into KDPI was incorrectly programmed in DonorNet, resulting in erroneously high KDPI values, by between 1 and 21 percentage points (e.g. actual KDPI of 70% was displayed as 86%). The error was corrected on May 19, 2016, <24 h after being recognized. During this 30-day period, the distribution of recipients largely resembled pre-KAS patterns. The observed discard rate of 22.9% was higher than the post-KAS average of 19.6% (odds ratio [OR]: 1.22) but far lower than the projected rate of 31.4% (OR: 1.96) based on the usual discard rate by KDPI relationship, suggesting clinicians and patients did not rely heavily on this single number (KDPI) in kidney-utilization decisions. Still, risk-adjusted analyses suggest the elevated discard rate was most likely attributable to the erroneously high KDPIs, not a shift in donor characteristics or random chance. The rise in discard rate was sharply higher for kidneys with inflated KDPI that crossed the 85% policy threshold (OR: 1.46; p = 0.049) versus those that did not (OR: 1.06; p = 0.631).


Subject(s)
Kidney Transplantation , Tissue Donors , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Tissue and Organ Procurement
6.
J Oral Rehabil ; 24(6): 426-32, 1997 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9219986

ABSTRACT

Various authors have studied the reproducibility of occlusal contact by means of the T-Scan computerized system and obtained contradictory results. In the present work the value of the T-Scan system as a method for exploring occlusion has been analysed. For this purpose, the same variable, i.e. the number of contacts, was recorded in 31 subjects using the two operation modes enabled by the T-Scan and the respective results were then compared. After an analysis of variance was performed to test the equality of averages of the number of tooth contacts for each patient in the four positions studied (maximum intercuspation, edge to edge protrusion, right laterality and left laterality) in the time and force analysis modes, the results obtained showed that the number of occlusal contacts is significantly different for each patient both in the various mandibular positions and in the force and time analysis modes, being proportionally greater in the latter case.


Subject(s)
Jaw Relation Record/instrumentation , Jaw Relation Record/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Analysis of Variance , Bite Force , Dental Occlusion , Electric Impedance , Female , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Male , Middle Aged , Time Factors
7.
J Oral Rehabil ; 24(4): 287-90, 1997 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9147301

ABSTRACT

Views on the reliability of the T-SCAN systems as a method for occlusal contact registration are contradictory. In this paper the tooth contacts of various patients in maximum intercuspation are analysed and their different bites compared using the time analysis mode of the T-SCAN. The findings show that within the same individual, no significant differences exist between the number of contacts on each tooth after four bites were performed in an MI position, except for teeth numbers 46, 44 and 41.


Subject(s)
Dental Occlusion, Centric , Jaw Relation Record/instrumentation , Analysis of Variance , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results
8.
J Oral Rehabil ; 24(12): 899-903, 1997 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9467991

ABSTRACT

Different authors have questioned the reliability of the T-Scan system as a method for registering occlusal contacts. The number of tooth contacts resulting from four bites made in maximum intercuspation was analysed with T-Scan using time moment statistics. The results indicate that (1) the largest number of contacts occur in the molar region (2) variability between subjects is greater than variability within subjects, and (3) it is possible to identify the subject being tested in 90.3% of cases. The T-Scan system has proved to be a reliable method for the analysis and evaluation of occlusal contact distribution in maximum intercuspation.


Subject(s)
Dental Occlusion , Jaw Relation Record/methods , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Adult , Analysis of Variance , Bite Force , Data Display , Discriminant Analysis , Electric Impedance , Equipment Design , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Humans , Jaw Relation Record/instrumentation , Male , Mandible/physiology , Middle Aged , Molar/anatomy & histology , Movement , Reproducibility of Results , Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted , Time Factors , Transducers
10.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-23653

ABSTRACT

Os autores relatam dois casos de rabdomiossarcoma pararretal, tumor mesenquinal maligno, de localizacao em musculos esqueleticos e em orgao que contem em sua estrutura tecido muscular estriado. No perineo, e em particular em situacao pararretal e raro sendo relatados na literatura apenas 12 casos. A molestia se manifestou sob a forma clinica de tumor inflamatorio e de tumor ulcerado pararretal sendo o exame, histopatologico de fragmentos colhidos por biopsia o elemento afirmativo do diagnostico. Os pacientes foram tratados por ciclos de quimico e radioterapia (1o. caso) e apenas quimioterapia (2o. caso). O primeiro teve excelente evolucao clinica e o segundo veio a falecer acometido por metastases osseas generalizadas.Os autores fazem uma analise dos trabalhos publicados sobre as manifestacoes clinicas os aspectos histopatologicos e sobre as condutas clinicas e cirurgica preconizadas Dentre as cirurgias a mais aceita e amputacao abdomino perineal do reto com eventual linfadenectomia regional. Atualmente com o advento de novas drogas e com o aperfeicoamento de tecnicas radioterapicas o tratamento quimico-radioterapico tem sido aconselhado


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Rectal Neoplasms , Rhabdomyosarcoma
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