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1.
Rev Neurol ; 66(1): 1-6, 2018 Jan 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29251336

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Simultaneous bilateral implantation of electrodes in the subthalamic nucleus for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) is associated with long surgery time, language disorders and post-operative confusion. Moreover, there is evidence of ipsilateral improvement after stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. In order to optimise perioperative management a prospective study is conducted with deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the subthalamic nucleus in two consecutive unilateral procedures. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of 41 patients with bilateral IPD, with DBS implantation in two unilateral surgical phases. Its clinical outcomes are analysed according to the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the Hoehn and Yahr, and the Schwab and England scales, together with their complications. RESULTS: The mean age was 61 ± 7 years old, 23 males. Five patients (12%) did not undergo surgery of the contralateral subthalamic nucleus due to good control. The mean on the motor UPDRS and the Hoehn and Yahr in preoperative pharmacological off was 44 ± 14 and 3, respectively, and 19 ± 8 and 1.8 at six months' follow-up. The mean improvement on the Schwab and England scale in the pre-operative period and at six months was 39%. Two patients suffered post-operative confusion, and one of them had transient dysarthria. CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral DBS in two unilateral stages was an effective option with few complications in our series of patients with IPD. 10% of the patients did not require contralateral electrodes. It would be necessary to conduct a randomised study in patients who underwent bilateral surgery in one and two stages in order to confirm these results.


TITLE: Implantacion bilateral en dos tiempos para estimulacion cerebral profunda en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Parkinson idiopatica bilateral: resultados clinicos.Objetivo. La implantacion bilateral simultanea de electrodos en el nucleo subtalamico para la enfermedad de Parkinson idiopatica (EPI) se asocia a una duracion elevada de la intervencion, alteraciones del lenguaje y confusion posquirurgica; ademas, existe evidencia de mejoria ipsilateral tras la estimulacion del nucleo subtalamico. Para optimizar el manejo perioperatorio se realiza un estudio prospectivo con estimulacion cerebral profunda (ECP) en el nucleo subtalamico en dos procedimientos unilaterales consecutivos. Pacientes y metodos. Estudio prospectivo de 41 pacientes con EPI bilateral, con implantacion de ECP en dos fases quirurgicas unilaterales. Se analizan sus resultados clinicos segun las escalas Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn y Yahr, y Schwab y England, asi como sus complicaciones. Resultados. La edad media fue de 61 ± 7 años, 23 hombres. Cinco pacientes (12%) no fueron intervenidos del nucleo subtalamico contralateral por buen control. La media en la UPDRS motora y la Hoehn y Yahr en off farmacologico preoperatorio fue de 44 ± 14 y 3, respectivamente, y de 19 ± 8 y 1,8 a los seis meses de seguimiento. La mejoria media en la escala de Schwab y England en el preoperatorio y a los seis meses fue del 39%. Dos pacientes tuvieron confusion postoperatoria, y uno, disartria transitoria. Conclusiones. La ECP bilateral en dos etapas unilaterales fue una opcion eficaz y con escasas complicaciones en nuestra serie de pacientes con EPI. El 10% de los pacientes no preciso electrodos contralaterales. Seria necesario un estudio aleatorizado en pacientes sometidos a cirugia bilateral en uno y dos tiempos para confirmar estos resultados.


Subject(s)
Deep Brain Stimulation/methods , Parkinson Disease/therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neurosurgical Procedures/methods , Parkinson Disease/pathology , Prospective Studies , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Treatment Outcome
2.
Rev Neurol ; 63(12): 537-542, 2016 Dec 16.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27897304

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a non-invasive technique that can be used to assess the integrity of the white matter in the brain. AIMS: To investigate the usefulness of DTI in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and to observe its relationship with lateralisation of the epileptogenic focus in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analysed 11 patients diagnosed with TLE in accordance with the pre-surgical protocol of our epilepsy unit, and who were seizure-free two years after performing a temporal lobectomy plus amygdalohippocampectomy (Spencer technique). As part of their pre-operative study, a 1.5 T magnetic resonance brain scan with diffusion tensor imaging was performed. A voxel-based analysis was then employed to study the differences in connectivity between the hemisphere that underwent surgery and the contralateral hemisphere. RESULTS: Compared with the contralateral hemisphere, a statistically significant reduction in fractional anisotropy (p < 0.05) was observed in the corpus callosum, the cingulate, the superior longitudinal fasciculus, the anterior thalamic radiations, the internal capsule, the ventral lateral and pulvinar nuclei of the thalamus, the inferior frontooccipital fasciculus, the uncinate fasciculus, the inferior longitudinal fasciculus and the parahippocampal gyrus, all ipsilateral to the epileptogenic focus. CONCLUSIONS: The characterisation of the abnormalities in the connectivity of the cerebral white matter, by means of DTI in patients with TLE, can be a valuable aid for the lateralisation of the epileptogenic focus in the pre-surgical evaluation of these patients. Further studies with a higher number of patients would be needed to confirm these results.


TITLE: Papel de la imagen por tensor de difusion en el estudio prequirurgico de la epilepsia del lobulo temporal.Introduccion. La imagen por tensor de difusion (DTI) es una tecnica no invasiva que puede ser utilizada para evaluar la integridad de la sustancia blanca cerebral. Objetivo. Investigar la utilidad de la DTI en pacientes con epilepsia del lobulo temporal (ELT) y ver su relacion con la lateralizacion del foco epileptogeno en estos pacientes. Pacientes y metodos. Se analizan 11 pacientes diagnosticados de ELT segun el protocolo de evaluacion prequirurgica de nuestra unidad de epilepsia, y libres de crisis a los dos años de la realizacion de una lobectomia temporal mas amigdalohipocampectomia (tecnica de Spencer). Como parte de su estudio preoperatorio, se realiza una resonancia magnetica cerebral de 1,5 T con secuencia de tensor de difusion y se estudian, mediante un analisis basado en voxel, las diferencias en la conectividad entre el hemisferio intervenido y el contralateral. Resultados. Comparado con el hemisferio contralateral, se observo una reduccion de la anisotropia fraccional estadisticamente significativa (p < 0,05) en el cuerpo calloso, el cingulo, el fasciculo longitudinal superior, las radiaciones talamicas anteriores, la capsula interna, los nucleos ventral lateral y pulvinar del talamo, el fasciculo frontooccipital inferior, el fasciculo uncinado, el fasciculo longitudinal inferior y el giro parahipocampal ipsilaterales al foco epileptogeno. Conclusiones. La caracterizacion de las anormalidades en la conectividad de la sustancia blanca cerebral, a traves de la DTI en pacientes con ELT, puede tener un valor importante para la lateralizacion del foco epileptogeno en la evaluacion prequirurgica. Serian necesarios estudios con un numero mas elevado de pacientes para confirmar estos resultados.


Subject(s)
Corpus Callosum/diagnostic imaging , Diffusion Tensor Imaging , Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/diagnostic imaging , White Matter/diagnostic imaging , Anisotropy , Corpus Callosum/pathology , Humans , White Matter/pathology
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