ABSTRACT
108 serum samples in 27 patients were collected after the first, before the second, after and before the fifth dose of 2 g every 24 h and assayed for ceftriaxone by microbiological method and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The statistical analysis of the results show a correlation coefficient equal to 0.95. The protein binding doesn't affect the microbiological method. The two methods are convenient for clinical use.
Subject(s)
Bacteriological Techniques , Ceftriaxone/blood , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , HumansABSTRACT
Ceftriaxone was used in 24 medical intensive care patients to treat 8 pulmonary infections, 12 septicaemias, 3 urinary tract infections, 1 meningitis. It was administered at a single intravenous dose of 2 g every 24 h. The therapy was successful, clinically and bacteriologically in 16 patients. The reasons of the failures are analysed. Plasma concentrations were obtained: they demonstrate that ceftriaxone is effective when given once a day in most cases.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Ceftriaxone/blood , Female , Humans , Kinetics , Lung Diseases/drug therapy , Male , Meningitis/drug therapy , Middle Aged , Resuscitation , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapyABSTRACT
Twenty-nine patients with fulminant hepatic failure and at least grade III encephalopathy were treated by haemodialysis with a polyacrylonitrile membrane. Aetiology was toxic in five patients, viral in eleven (2 due to hepatitis A virus and 9 presumed due to hepatitis B virus), not found in thirteen. Each patient was dialysed for 4 h every day, until he regained consciousness or died. Conscious level was improved after dialysis in 59% of patients. Thirteen patients survived (44.8%) :4 toxic hepatitis, 4 viral hepatitis B, 1 viral hepatitis A, 4 hepatitis of unknown aetiology. A comparison of plasma concentrations of amino acids measured by chromatography before and after 113 periods of haemodialysis in 23 patients showed significant decrease in aromatic amino acids (p less than 0.001), a significant increase in two branched-chain amino acids :leucine (p less than 0.001) and isoleucine (p less than 0.001), and a significant increase in Fischer's ratio (p less than 0.001). In survivors, factor V concentration on admission and Fischer's ratio on admission were significantly higher than in those who died (p less than 0.02 for both), but there was no significant difference in the difference between Fischer's ratio before and after haemodialysis. Haemodialysis was well tolerated, except for short periods of hypotension and a small but significant fall in platelet counts. Improvement in cerebral function during haemodialysis was previously demonstrated by various authors, but the effect on survival rate remained controversial. The survival rate obtained in this controlled study is clearly higher than those obtained by conservative management alone.
Subject(s)
Hepatic Encephalopathy/therapy , Membranes, Artificial , Renal Dialysis , Acrylic Resins , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Amino Acids/blood , Factor V/analysis , Hepatic Encephalopathy/mortality , Humans , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Cross Infection/epidemiology , Respiratory Care Units , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Humans , Respiration, Artificial , Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Two metapramine overdoses due to deliberate ingestion are described. The analytical procedures for the determination of metapramine in biological specimens have been reported.
