Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 26
Filter
1.
Atherosclerosis ; 344: 31-39, 2022 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35134654

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Prior coronary optical coherence tomography (OCT)-near infrared auto-fluorescence (NIRAF) imaging data has shown a correlation between high-risk morphological features and NIRAF signal intensity. This study aims to understand the histopathological origins of NIRAF in human cadaver coronary arteries. METHODS: Ex vivo intracoronary OCT-NIRAF imaging was performed on coronary arteries prosected from 23 fresh human cadaver hearts. Arteries with elevated NIRAF were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. Microscopic images of immunostained Glycophorin A (indicating intraplaque hemorrhage) and Sudan Black (indicating ceroid after fixation) stained slides were compared with confocal NIRAF images (ex. 635 nm, em. 655-755 nm) from adjacent unstained slides in each section. Different images from the same section were registered via luminal morphology. Confocal NIRAF-positive 45° sectors were compared to immunohistochemistry and colocalization between NIRAF and intraplaque hemorrhage or ceroid was quantified by Manders' overlap and Dice similarity coefficients. RESULTS: Thirty-one coronary arteries from 14 hearts demonstrated ≥1.5 times higher NIRAF signal than background, and 429 sections were created from them, including 54 sections (12.6%) with high-risk plaques. Within 112 confocal NIRAF-positive 45° sectors, 65 sectors (58.0%) showed both Glycophorin A-positive and Sudan Black-positive, while 7 sectors (6.3%) and 40 sectors (33.6%) only showed Glycophorin A-positive or Sudan black-positive, respectively. A two-tailed McNemar's test showed that Sudan Black more closely corresponded to confocal NIRAF than Glycophorin A (p < 1.0 × 10-6). NIRAF was also found to spatially associate with both Glycophorin A and Sudan Black, with stronger colocalization between Sudan Black and NIRAF (Manders: 0.19 ± 0.15 vs. 0.13 ± 0.14, p < 0.005; Dice: 0.072 ± 0.096 vs. 0.060 ± 0.090, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: As ceroid associates with oxidative stress and intraplaque hemorrhage is implicated in rapid lesion progression, these results suggest that NIRAF provides additional, complementary information to morphologic imaging that may aid in identifying high-risk coronary plaques via translatable intracoronary OCT-NIRAF imaging.


Subject(s)
Coronary Artery Disease , Plaque, Atherosclerotic , Cadaver , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Artery Disease/pathology , Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Vessels/pathology , Hemorrhage/pathology , Humans , Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathology , Tomography, Optical Coherence
2.
Biomed Opt Express ; 12(7): 4308-4323, 2021 Jul 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34457416

ABSTRACT

OCT tethered capsule endomicroscopy (TCE) is an emerging noninvasive diagnostic imaging technology for gastrointestinal (GI) tract disorders. OCT measures tissue reflectivity that provides morphologic image contrast, and thus is incapable of ascertaining molecular information that can be useful for improving diagnostic accuracy. Here, we introduce an extension to OCT TCE that includes a fluorescence (FL) imaging channel for attaining complementary, co-registered molecular contrast. We present the development of an OCT-FL TCE capsule and a portable, plug-and-play OCT-FL imaging system. The technology is validated in phantom experiments and feasibility is demonstrated in a methylene blue (MB)-stained swine esophageal injury model, ex vivo and in vivo.

4.
Front Phys ; 92021 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36382063

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Diseases such as celiac disease, environmental enteric dysfunction, infectious gastroenteritis, type II diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease are associated with increased gut permeability. Dual sugar absorption tests, such as the lactulose to rhamnose ratio (L:R) test, are the current standard for measuring gut permeability. Although easy to administer in adults, the L:R test has a number of drawbacks. These include an inability to assess for spatial heterogeneity in gut permeability that may distinguish different disease severity or pathology, additional sample collection for immunoassays, and challenges in carrying out the test in certain populations such as infants and small children. Here, we demonstrate a minimally invasive probe for real-time localized gut permeability evaluation through gut potential difference (GPD) measurement. Materials and Methods: The probe has an outer diameter of 1.2 mm diameter and can be deployed in the gut of unsedated subjects via a transnasal introduction tube (TNIT) that is akin to an intestinal feeding tube. The GPD probe consists of an Ag/AgCl electrode, an optical probe and a perfusion channel all housed within a transparent sheath. Lactated Ringer's (LR) solution is pumped through the perfusion channel to provide ionic contact between the electrodes and the gut lining. The optical probe captures non-scanning (M-mode) OCT images to confirm electrode contact with the gut lining. A separate skin patch probe is placed over an abraded skin area to provide reference for the GPD measurements. Swine studies were conducted to validate the GPD probe. GPD in the duodenum was modulated by perfusing 45 ml of 45 mM glucose. Results: GPD values of -13.1 ± 2.8 mV were measured in the duodenum across four swine studies. The change in GPD in the duodenum with the addition of glucose was -10.5 ± 2.4 mV (p < 0.001). M-mode OCT images provided electrode-tissue contact information, which was vital in ascertaining the probe's proximity to the gut mucosa. Conclusion: We developed and demonstrated a minimally invasive method for investigating gastrointestinal permeability consisting of an image guided GPD probe that can be used in unsedated subjects.

5.
Biomed Opt Express ; 11(5): 2768-2778, 2020 May 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32499959

ABSTRACT

This paper describes a new technology that uses 1-µm-resolution optical coherence tomography (µOCT) to obtain cross-sectional images of intracellular dynamics with dramatically enhanced image contrast. This so-called dynamic µOCT (d-µOCT) is accomplished by acquiring a time series of µOCT images and conducting power frequency analysis of the temporal fluctuations that arise from intracellular motion on a pixel-per-pixel basis. Here, we demonstrate d-µOCT imaging of freshly excised human esophageal and cervical biopsy samples. Depth-resolved d-µOCT images of intact tissue show that intracellular dynamics provides a new contrast mechanism for µOCT that highlights subcellular morphology and activity in epithelial surface maturation patterns.

6.
Light Sci Appl ; 8: 104, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31798843

ABSTRACT

Cross-sectional visualisation of the cellular and subcellular structures of human atherosclerosis in vivo is significant, as this disease is fundamentally caused by abnormal processes that occur at this scale in a depth-dependent manner. However, due to the inherent resolution-depth of focus tradeoff of conventional focusing optics, today's highest-resolution intravascular imaging technique, namely, optical coherence tomography (OCT), is unable to provide cross-sectional images at this resolution through a coronary catheter. Here, we introduce an intravascular imaging system and catheter based on few-mode interferometry, which overcomes the depth of focus limitation of conventional high-numerical-aperture objectives and enables three-dimensional cellular-resolution intravascular imaging in vivo by a submillimetre diameter, flexible catheter. Images of diseased cadaver human coronary arteries and living rabbit arteries were acquired with this device, showing clearly resolved cellular and subcellular structures within the artery wall, such as individual crystals, smooth muscle cells, and inflammatory cells. The capability of this technology to enable cellular-resolution, cross-sectional intravascular imaging will make it possible to study and diagnose human coronary disease with much greater precision in the future.

8.
Arch Pathol Lab Med ; 143(3): 314-318, 2019 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30550349

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT.­: The accuracy of needle biopsy for the detection of prostate cancer is limited by well-known sampling errors. Thus, there is an unmet need for a microscopic screening tool that can screen large regions of the prostate comprehensively for cancer. Previous prostate imaging by optical coherence tomography (OCT) has had insufficient resolution for imaging cellular features related to prostate cancer. We have recently developed micro-optical coherence tomography (µOCT) that generates depth-resolved tissue images at a high frame rate with an isotropic resolution of 1 µm. OBJECTIVE.­: To demonstrate that optical images obtained with µOCT provide cellular-level contrast in prostate specimens that will enable differentiation and diagnosis of prostate pathologies. DESIGN.­: Fresh prostate specimens obtained from surgical resections were scanned with µOCT ex vivo. Histologic features in the µOCT images were correlated to the corresponding conventional histology. RESULTS.­: Findings indicate that µOCT is capable of resolving many of the architectural and cellular features associated with benign and neoplastic prostate. CONCLUSIONS.­: Because µOCT can be implemented in a small-diameter flexible probe, this study suggests that high-resolution µOCT imaging may be a useful tool for needle-based virtual biopsy of the prostate gland.


Subject(s)
Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Prostate/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Humans , Male
9.
Lasers Surg Med ; 50(3): 230-235, 2018 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29105794

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Endoscopic optical coherence tomography probes suffer from various artifacts due to dispersion imbalance and polarization mismatch between reference and sample arm light. Such artifacts can be minimized using a common path approach. In this work, we demonstrate a miniaturized common path probe for optical coherence tomography using an inline fiber mirror. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A common path optical fiber probe suitable for performing high-resolution endoscopic optical coherence tomography imaging was developed. To achieve common path functionality, an inline fiber mirror was fabricated using a thin gold layer. A commercially available swept source engine was used to test the designed probe in a cadaver human coronary artery ex vivo. RESULTS: We achieved a sensitivity of 104 dB for this probe using a swept source optical coherence tomography system. To test the probe, images of a cadaver human coronary artery were obtained, demonstrating the quality that is comparable to those obtained by OCT systems with separate reference arms. Additionally, we demonstrate recovery of ranging depth by use of a Michelson interferometer in the detection path. CONCLUSION: We developed a miniaturized monolithic inline fiber mirror-based common path probe for optical coherence tomography. Owing to its simplicity, our design will be helpful in endoscopic applications that require high-resolution probes in a compact form factor while reducing system complexity. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:230-235, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Subject(s)
Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging , Fiber Optic Technology , Optical Fibers , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Cadaver , Equipment Design , Humans
10.
Opt Lett ; 42(4): 867-870, 2017 Feb 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28198885

ABSTRACT

We report the design and fabrication of a flexible, longitudinally scanning high-resolution micro-optical coherence tomography (µOCT) endobronchial probe, optimized for micro-anatomical imaging in airways. The 2.4 mm diameter and flexibility of the probe allows it to be inserted into the instrument channel of a standard bronchoscope, enabling real-time video guidance of probe placement. To generate a depth-of-focus enhancing annular beam, we utilized a new fabrication method, whereby a hollow glass ferrule was angle-polished and gold-coated to produce an elongated annular reflector. We present validation data that verifies the preservation of linear scanning, despite the use of flexible materials. When utilized on excised, cultured mouse trachea, the probe acquired images of comparable quality to those obtained by a benchtop µOCT system.


Subject(s)
Bronchi/cytology , Bronchi/diagnostic imaging , Mechanical Phenomena , Signal-To-Noise Ratio , Tomography, Optical Coherence/instrumentation , Animals , Cilia/metabolism , Equipment Design , Mice , Trachea/cytology , Trachea/diagnostic imaging
11.
Optica ; 4(8): 959-965, 2017 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29675447

ABSTRACT

Improving lateral resolution for cross-sectional optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging is difficult due to the rapid divergence of light once it is focused to a small spot. To overcome this obstacle, we introduce a fiber optics system that generates a coaxially focused multimode (CAFM) beam for depth of focus (DOF) extension. We fabricated a CAFM beam OCT probe and show that the DOF is more than fivefold that of a conventional Gaussian beam, enabling cross-sectional imaging of biological tissues with clearly resolved cellular and subcellular structures over more than a 400 µm depth range. The compact and straightforward design and high-resolution extended DOF imaging capabilities of this technique suggests that it will be very useful for endoscopic cross-sectional imaging of human internal organs in vivo.

12.
JACC Cardiovasc Imaging ; 9(11): 1304-1314, 2016 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26971006

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The authors present the clinical imaging of human coronary arteries in vivo using a multimodality optical coherence tomography (OCT) and near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) intravascular imaging system and catheter. BACKGROUND: Although intravascular OCT is capable of providing microstructural images of coronary atherosclerotic lesions, it is limited in its capability to ascertain the compositional/molecular features of plaque. A recent study in cadaver coronary plaque showed that endogenous NIRAF is elevated in necrotic core lesions. The combination of these 2 technologies in 1 device may therefore provide synergistic data to aid in the diagnosis of coronary pathology in vivo. METHODS: We developed a dual-modality intravascular imaging system and 2.6-F catheter that can simultaneously acquire OCT and NIRAF data from the same location on the artery wall. This technology was used to obtain volumetric OCT-NIRAF images from 12 patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Images were acquired during a brief, nonocclusive 3- to 4-ml/s contrast purge at a speed of 100 frames/s and a pullback rate of 20 or 40 mm/s. OCT-NIRAF data were analyzed to determine the distribution of the NIRAF signal with respect to OCT-delineated plaque morphological features. RESULTS: High-quality intracoronary OCT and NIRAF image data (>50-mm pullback length) were successfully acquired without complication in all patients (17 coronary arteries). The maximum NIRAF signal intensity of each plaque was compared with OCT-defined type, showing a statistically significant difference between plaque types (1-way analysis of variance, p < 0.0001). Interestingly, coronary arterial NIRAF intensity was elevated only focally in plaques with a high-risk morphological phenotype (p < 0.05), including OCT fibroatheroma, plaque rupture, and fibroatheroma associated with in-stent restenosis. CONCLUSIONS: This OCT-NIRAF study demonstrates that dual-modality microstructural and fluorescence intracoronary imaging can be safely and effectively conducted in human patients. Our findings show that NIRAF is associated with a high-risk morphological plaque phenotype. The focal distribution of NIRAF in these lesions furthermore suggests that this endogenous imaging biomarker may provide complementary information to that obtained by structural imaging alone.


Subject(s)
Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging , Multimodal Imaging/methods , Optical Imaging/methods , Plaque, Atherosclerotic , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Aged , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Artery Disease/therapy , Coronary Restenosis/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Restenosis/etiology , Feasibility Studies , Female , Fibrosis , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/adverse effects , Predictive Value of Tests , Rupture, Spontaneous , Treatment Outcome
13.
Biomed Opt Express ; 6(4): 1363-75, 2015 Apr 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25909020

ABSTRACT

While optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been shown to be capable of imaging coronary plaque microstructure, additional chemical/molecular information may be needed in order to determine which lesions are at risk of causing an acute coronary event. In this study, we used a recently developed imaging system and double-clad fiber (DCF) catheter capable of simultaneously acquiring both OCT and red excited near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) images (excitation: 633 nm, emission: 680nm to 900nm). We found that NIRAF is elevated in lesions that contain necrotic core - a feature that is critical for vulnerable plaque diagnosis and that is not readily discriminated by OCT alone. We first utilized a DCF ball lens probe and a bench top setup to acquire en face NIRAF images of aortic plaques ex vivo (n = 20). In addition, we used the OCT-NIRAF system and fully assembled catheters to acquire multimodality images from human coronary arteries (n = 15) prosected from human cadaver hearts (n = 5). Comparison of these images with corresponding histology demonstrated that necrotic core plaques exhibited significantly higher NIRAF intensity than other plaque types. These results suggest that multimodality intracoronary OCT-NIRAF imaging technology may be used in the future to provide improved characterization of coronary artery disease in human patients.

14.
PLoS One ; 9(7): e102669, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25048105

ABSTRACT

The presence of cholesterol crystals is a hallmark of atherosclerosis, but until recently, such crystals have been considered to be passive components of necrotic plaque cores. Recent studies have demonstrated that phagocytosis of cholesterol crystals by macrophages may actively precipitate plaque progression via an inflammatory pathway, emphasizing the need for methods to study the interaction between macrophages and crystalline cholesterol. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of detecting cholesterol in macrophages in situ using Micro-Optical Coherence Tomography (µOCT), an imaging modality we have recently developed with 1-µm resolution. Macrophages containing cholesterol crystals frequently demonstrated highly scattering constituents in their cytoplasm on µOCT imaging, and µOCT was able to evaluate cholesterol crystals in cultured macrophage cells. Our results suggest that µOCT may be useful for the detection and characterization of inflammatory activity associated with cholesterol crystals in the coronary artery.


Subject(s)
Cholesterol/analysis , Macrophages/pathology , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Cells, Cultured , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis , Coronary Vessels/pathology , Equipment Design , Humans , Plaque, Atherosclerotic/diagnosis , Tomography, Optical Coherence/instrumentation
15.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol ; 51(4): 485-93, 2014 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24937762

ABSTRACT

Mucociliary clearance, characterized by mucus secretion and its conveyance by ciliary action, is a fundamental physiological process that plays an important role in host defense. Although it is known that ciliary activity changes with chemical and mechanical stimuli, the autoregulatory mechanisms that govern ciliary activity and mucus transport in response to normal and pathophysiological variations in mucus are not clear. We have developed a high-speed, 1-µm-resolution, cross-sectional imaging modality, termed micro-optical coherence tomography (µOCT), which provides the first integrated view of the functional microanatomy of the epithelial surface. We monitored invasion of the periciliary liquid (PCL) layer by mucus in fully differentiated human bronchial epithelial cultures and full thickness swine trachea using µOCT. We further monitored mucociliary transport (MCT) and intracellular calcium concentration simultaneously during invasion of the PCL layer by mucus using colocalized µOCT and confocal fluorescence microscopy in cell cultures. Ciliary beating and mucus transport are up-regulated via a calcium-dependent pathway when mucus causes a reduction in the PCL layer and cilia height. When the load exceeds a physiological limit of approximately 2 µm, this gravity-independent autoregulatory mechanism can no longer compensate, resulting in diminished ciliary motion and abrogation of stimulated MCT. A fundamental integrated mechanism with specific operating limits governs MCT in the lung and fails when periciliary layer compression and mucus viscosity exceeds normal physiologic limits.


Subject(s)
Epithelial Cells/metabolism , Mucociliary Clearance , Mucus/metabolism , Respiratory Mucosa/metabolism , Trachea/metabolism , Animals , Calcium/metabolism , Cells, Cultured , Cilia/metabolism , Homeostasis , Humans , Microscopy, Confocal , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Time Factors , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Viscosity
16.
Gastrointest Endosc ; 79(6): 886-96, 2014 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24462171

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Biopsy surveillance protocols for the assessment of Barrett's esophagus can be subject to sampling errors, resulting in diagnostic uncertainty. Optical coherence tomography is a cross-sectional imaging technique that can be used to conduct volumetric laser endomicroscopy (VLE) of the entire distal esophagus. We have developed a biopsy guidance platform that places endoscopically visible marks at VLE-determined biopsy sites. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to demonstrate in human participants the safety and feasibility of VLE-guided biopsy in vivo. DESIGN: A pilot feasibility study. SETTING: Massachusetts General Hospital. PATIENTS: A total of 22 participants were enrolled from January 2011 to June 2012 with a prior diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus. Twelve participants were used to optimize the laser marking parameters and the system platform. A total of 30 target sites were selected and marked in real-time by using the VLE-guided biopsy platform in the remaining 10 participants. INTERVENTION: Volumetric laser endomicroscopy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Endoscopic and VLE visibility, and accuracy of VLE diagnosis of the tissue between the laser cautery marks. RESULTS: There were no adverse events of VLE and laser marking. The optimal laser marking parameters were determined to be 2 seconds at 410 mW, with a mark separation of 6 mm. All marks made with these parameters were visible on endoscopy and VLE. The accuracies for diagnosing tissue in between the laser cautery marks by independent blinded readers for endoscopy were 67% (95% confidence interval [CI], 47%-83%), for VLE intent-to-biopsy images 93% (95% CI, 78%-99%), and for corrected VLE post-marking images 100% when compared with histopathology interpretations. LIMITATIONS: This is a single-center feasibility study with a limited number of patients. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that VLE-guided biopsy of the esophagus is safe and can be used to guide biopsy site selection based on the acquired volumetric optical coherence tomography imaging data. ( CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01439633.).


Subject(s)
Barrett Esophagus/pathology , Esophagoscopy/methods , Esophagus/pathology , Image-Guided Biopsy/methods , Laser Therapy/methods , Aged , Barrett Esophagus/surgery , Esophagus/surgery , Feasibility Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Microscopy, Confocal , Middle Aged , Pilot Projects , Tomography, Optical Coherence
17.
Biomed Opt Express ; 4(8): 1269-84, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24009991

ABSTRACT

Optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) can identify key components related to plaque vulnerability but can suffer from artifacts that could prevent accurate identification of lipid rich regions. In this paper, we present a model of depth resolved spectral analysis of OFDI data for improved detection of lipid. A quadratic Discriminant analysis model was developed based on phantom compositions known chemical mixtures and applied to a tissue phantom of a lipid-rich plaque. We demonstrate that a combined spectral and attenuation model can be used to predict the presence of lipid in OFDI images.

18.
Opt Express ; 21(25): 30849-58, 2013 Dec 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24514658

ABSTRACT

Owing to its superior resolution, intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) is a promising tool for imaging the microstructure of coronary artery walls. However, IVOCT does not identify chemicals and molecules in the tissue, which is required for a more complete understanding and accurate diagnosis of coronary disease. Here we present a dual-modality imaging system and catheter that uniquely combines IVOCT with diffuse near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in a single dual-modality imaging device for simultaneous acquisition of microstructural and compositional information. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, the device has been used to visualize co-incident microstructural and spectroscopic information obtained from a diseased cadaver human coronary artery.


Subject(s)
Biomarkers/analysis , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis , Coronary Artery Disease/metabolism , Endovascular Procedures/instrumentation , Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared/instrumentation , Tomography, Optical Coherence/instrumentation , Cadaver , Equipment Design , Equipment Failure Analysis , Humans , In Vitro Techniques
19.
Circ Cardiovasc Imaging ; 5(1): 69-77, 2012 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22038986

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Several high-risk morphological features (HRM) of plaques, especially in combination, are associated with an increased risk of a clinical event. Although plaque inflammation is also associated with atherothrombosis, the relationship between inflammation and number of HRM is not well understood. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-four patients underwent (18)flurodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging, and carotid atherosclerotic inflammation was assessed (target-to- BACKGROUND: =0.0003) and increased with the number of HRM observed (P<0.001 for trend). Similarly, inflammation within atherosclerotic specimens (% CD68 staining) was higher in plaques with (versus without) HRM (median [interquartile range]: 10 [0, 19.85] versus 0 [0, 1.55], P=0.01) and increased with the number of HRM observed (P<0.001 for trend). CONCLUSIONS: Inflammation, as assessed by both FDG uptake and histology, is increased in plaques containing HRM and increases with increasing number of HRM. These data support the concept that inflammation accumulates relative to the burden of morphological abnormalities.


Subject(s)
Atherosclerosis/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Inflammation/diagnostic imaging , Plaque, Atherosclerotic/diagnostic imaging , Positron-Emission Tomography/methods , Aged , Atherosclerosis/complications , Carotid Stenosis/complications , Contrast Media , Female , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Humans , Inflammation/complications , Iopamidol , Male , Middle Aged , Plaque, Atherosclerotic/complications , Radiopharmaceuticals , Risk Factors , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
20.
Nat Med ; 17(8): 1010-4, 2011 Jul 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21743452

ABSTRACT

Progress in understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been hindered by our inability to observe cells and extracellular components associated with human coronary atherosclerosis in situ. The current standards for microstructural investigation, histology and electron microscopy are destructive and prone to artifacts. The highest-resolution intracoronary imaging modality, optical coherence tomography (OCT), has a resolution of ~10 µm, which is too coarse for visualizing most cells. Here we report a new form of OCT, termed micro-optical coherence tomography (µOCT), whose resolution is improved by an order of magnitude. We show that µOCT images of cadaver coronary arteries provide clear pictures of cellular and subcellular features associated with atherogenesis, thrombosis and responses to interventional therapy. These results suggest that µOCT can complement existing diagnostic techniques for investigating atherosclerotic specimens, and that µOCT may eventually become a useful tool for cellular and subcellular characterization of the human coronary wall in vivo.


Subject(s)
Coronary Artery Disease/pathology , Coronary Vessels/ultrastructure , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Animals , Calcium , Cell Adhesion , Cholesterol , Humans , Leukocytes/ultrastructure , Stents , Swine
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...