Subject(s)
Activities of Daily Living , Health Status , Quality of Life , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Analysis of Variance , Female , Humans , Linear Models , Louisiana/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Morbidity , Physical Fitness , Sex Factors , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to examine prospectively the ability of direct and belief-based measures of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) constructs to predict exercise and diet intention and behavior of overweight women. Participants were 117 overweight, community-dwelling women and university students enrolled in a 4-week exercise and diet program. Participants completed baseline measures of demographic characteristics and the TPB constructs. Their exercise and diet adherence were also recorded. We found that: (1) the direct measure of perceived behavioral control (PBC) predicted exercise intention, (2) the direct measures of instrumental attitude, subjective norm, and PBC predicted diet intention, and (3) none of the direct or belief-based measures of the TPB constructs predicted 4-week exercise or diet behavior. Furthermore, several beliefs were associated with the direct measures of attitude, subjective norm, PBC, and intention. Implications of these results for designing exercise and diet interventions with overweight women are discussed.
Subject(s)
Behavior Control/psychology , Diet, Reducing/psychology , Exercise/psychology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Motivation , Adolescent , Adult , Attitude to Health , Behavior Control/methods , Female , Forecasting , Humans , Overweight , Patient Compliance , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to examine the acute affective responses of high and low body satisfied (BS) men who viewed physique slides of the male ideal (model-slides), physique slides of themselves (self-slides), and nonphysique slides (control-slides). During three laboratory visits the participants viewed the slides from one of the three conditions, and they completed pre-, in-, and post-task affective measures. It was found that the: (a) high BS group reported less mood disturbance than the low BS group; (b) participants reported an increase in depression, anger, and body dissatisfaction after viewing the self-slides; (c) participants indicated a decrease in body dissatisfaction after viewing the model-slides; and (d) viewing the control-slides did not result in affective changes. Findings suggest that viewing physique slides results in increased mood disturbance, regardless of BS level.
