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3.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 68(10): 512-514, nov. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-85891

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina de adquisición comunitaria (SARM-AC) es una bacteria implicada en infecciones de diversa gravedad y localización. En este trabajo exponemos la actualidad de las infecciones por SARM-AC en pediatría, y lo ilustramos con dos ejemplos de infección virulenta en pacientes pediátricos sanos. El primer caso corresponde a una paciente con artritis séptica y neumonía necrosante por SARM-AC, y el segundo a un lactante con pleuroneumonía por SARM-AC. Ambos casos son un claro ejemplo de la relevancia de esta infección emergente en pediatría (AU)


The community acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is a bacterium that is frequently involved in severe infections and various locations. In this article we describe the actual state of CA-MRSA infections in pediatrics, and we illustrate it with two examples of virulent infection in healthy pediatric patients. The first case is in a patient with septic arthritis and necrotizing pneumonia caused by CA-MRSA, and the second one is in an unweaned baby with pleuropneumonia caused by CA-MRSA. Both cases are a clear example of the importance of this emerging infection in pediatrics (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus aureus/immunology , Staphylococcus aureus/pathogenicity , Methicillin/administration & dosage , Methicillin/adverse effects , Methicillin/pharmacokinetics , Arthritis, Infectious/complications , Arthritis, Infectious/diagnosis , Clindamycin/analogs & derivatives , Clindamycin/pharmacokinetics , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/administration & dosage , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/pharmacokinetics
4.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 19(4): 173-179, jul.-ago. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-055180

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Determinar la incidencia y la etiología de la enfermedad bacteriana potencialmente grave (EBPG), de la infección vírica y de la coinfección (vírica y bacteriana) en una muestra de lactantes febriles menores de tres meses. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo de lactantes menores de tres meses que ingresaron en nuestro centro por fiebre. A todos ellos se les realizó estudio completo de sepsis, con punción lumbar en casos seleccionados. Se define enfermedad bacteriana potencialmente grave como el crecimiento de un microorganismo bacteriano en sangre, orina o líquido cefalorraquídeo. Se determinó la presencia de virus respiratorio sincitial (VRS) y virus Influenzae A y B durante el período epidémico, y la presencia de enterovirus, por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa, en 11 pacientes menores de un mes. Para el análisis de los resultados se utilizó el programa SPSS (versión 12.0). Resultados: Se incluyeron 136 lactantes febriles menores de tres meses. Cumplían los criterios de bajo riesgo de Rochester 70 pacientes (51,5%). Los diagnósticos finales más frecuentes fueron síndrome febril sin foco e infección urinaria. En 33 casos (24,3%) se demostró una EBPG (31 urocultivos, 2 cultivos de líquido cefalorraquídeo y 7 hemocultivos resultaron positivos). La incidencia de infección vírica demostrada fue del 30,8%. En 2 pacientes se demostró coinfección vírica y bacteriana (un 4,8% del total de los pacientes infectados por virus). Se detectó la presencia de enterovirus en líquido cefalorraquídeo en 5 (45,5%) de 11 casos estudiados, ninguno de ellos mostró cultivos bacterianos positivos. Discusión: En nuestro estudio, la infección urinaria se muestra como la enfermedad bacteriana potencialmente grave con mayor incidencia, superior a la hallada en otras series. La incorporación a los algoritmos diagnósticos de los test de diagnóstico rápido virológico ayuda a seleccionar a los lactantes con menor riesgo de padecer enfermedad bacteriana, y abre nuevas perspectivas en el manejo del lactante febril menor de tres meses (AU)


Aims: To assess the incidence and aetiology of potentially serious bacterial disease (PSBD), viral infection and viral-bacterial coinfection in a sample of febrile infants aged less than three months. Methods: Prospective study of infants aged less than three months admitted to our hospital because of fever. A complete sepsis study was performed in all cases, with lumbar tap in selected cases. PSBD is defined as the growth of bacteria in blood, urine or cebrospinal fluid (CSF). The presence of Respiratory Syncitial Virus and of influenza A and B viruses was assessed during the epidemic period, and enteroviruses were investigated using the polymerase chain reaction in eleven patients aged less than one month. The SPSS 12.0 software was used for the analysis. Results: The study population comprised 136 infants aged less than three months. Seventy patients (51.5%) met the Rochester low-risk criteria. The most common final diagnoses were non-focal febrile syndrome and urinary infection. PSBD was demonstrated in 33 cases (24.3%) (31 urine cultures, 2 CSF cultures and 7 blood cultures were positive). The incidence of documented viral infection was 30.8%. Viral and bacterial coinfection was demonstrated in 2 cases (4.8% of the total number of virus-infected patients). Enterovirus was demonstrated in the CSF in 5 (45.5%) of 11 cases studied; none of them had positive bacterial cultures. Discussion: In the present study, urinary infection was the most frequently occurring potentially serious bacterial disease, with an incidence higher than those reported in other series. The inclusion of rapid virological diagnostic tests in the diagnostic algorithms helps in selecting those infants with lower risk of bacterial infection and opens new perspectives for the management of febrile infants aged less than three months (AU)


Subject(s)
Infant , Humans , Fever of Unknown Origin/diagnosis , Bacterial Infections/complications , Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Virus Diseases/complications , Virus Diseases/diagnosis , Clinical Protocols , Fever of Unknown Origin/microbiology , Fever of Unknown Origin/virology , Reagent Kits, Diagnostic , Prospective Studies , Incidence , Severity of Illness Index
5.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 66(1): 70-4, 2007 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17266855

ABSTRACT

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a rare entity in the pediatric age group. These injuries are mainly caused by road traffic accidents (RTA), especially in children not wearing a seat belt. The use of child safety devices such as seat belt restraints has decreased morbidity and mortality in RTA but their incorrect use can also produce serious injuries that are grouped under the term "seat-belt syndrome". This syndrome associates vertebral and spinal cord injuries, intra-abdominal, cutaneous, and muscle-skeletal lesions. We present three patients with complete spinal cord and intra-abdominal injuries, requiring urgent surgery in two of them. On examination, all three patients had seat belt marks on the lower abdominal region. The three patients can be included in this syndrome and its main cause was the use of a two-point seat belt.


Subject(s)
Accidents, Traffic , Seat Belts/adverse effects , Spinal Cord Injuries/etiology , Acute Disease , Child , Equipment Design , Female , Humans , Male
6.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 66(1): 70-74, ene. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-054163

ABSTRACT

Las lesiones medulares traumáticas son entidades poco frecuentes en la edad pediátrica. La principal causa son los accidentes de tráfico y se dan generalmente en pacientes no portadores del cinturón de seguridad. El uso de los dispositivos de seguridad, como el cinturón, ha disminuido la morbimortalidad en los accidentes, pero el uso incorrecto puede también producir lesiones graves que se describen dentro del denominado síndrome del cinturón de seguridad (seat-belt syndrome). Este síndrome asocia la presencia de lesiones vertebrales, medulares, de vísceras abdominales sólidas y/o huecas y lesiones musculoesqueléticas y cutáneas. Presentamos 3 casos clínicos de pacientes con lesiones medulares completas y lesiones intraabdominales, requiriendo cirugía urgente en dos de ellos. Destaca la presencia en todos ellos de la marca del cinturón de seguridad a nivel abdominal. Los 3 casos pueden ser incluidos en este síndrome y su principal causa es la utilización del cinturón con banda abdominal de 2 puntos


Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a rare entity in the pediatric age group. These injuries are mainly caused by road traffic accidents (RTA), especially in children not wearing a seat belt. The use of child safety devices such as seat belt restraints has decreased morbidity and mortality in RTA but their incorrect use can also produce serious injuries that are grouped under the term 'seat-belt syndrome'. This syndrome associates vertebral and spinal cord injuries, intra-abdominal, cutaneous, and muscle-skeletal lesions. We present three patients with complete spinal cord and intra-abdominal injuries, requiring urgent surgery in two of them. On examination, all three patients had seat belt marks on the lower abdominal region. The three patients can be included in this syndrome and its main cause was the use of a two-point seat belt


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Child , Humans , Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control , Accidents, Traffic/trends , Spinal Injuries/diagnosis , Spinal Injuries/epidemiology , Spinal Injuries/surgery , Abdominal Injuries/diagnosis , Abdominal Injuries/surgery , Bone Marrow/injuries , Spinal Injuries/prevention & control , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Morbidity
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