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1.
J Vet Cardiol ; 52: 28-34, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38417388

ABSTRACT

An asymptomatic 17-month-old, 18.5-kg, male Staffordshire bull terrier was referred due to a heart murmur. Examination revealed a grade 3/6 left apical systolic and right apical 3/6 heart murmur. Echocardiography showed volume overload of the left ventricle and mild systolic dysfunction with a left-right flow over the interventricular septal region. Cardiac gated computed tomography revealed anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery, an extensive network of collateral blood vessels connected the right and left coronary arteries, with bronchial and left intercostal arteries also connected to the network of collateral blood vessels, markedly enlarged right and left coronary arteries and left coronary sinus. With varied presentation, coronary anomalies are difficult to recognise and classify and to the best of our knowledge this is the first case of anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery diagnosis in the dog.


Subject(s)
Coronary Vessel Anomalies , Dog Diseases , Pulmonary Artery , Dogs/abnormalities , Animals , Coronary Vessel Anomalies/veterinary , Coronary Vessel Anomalies/diagnostic imaging , Male , Pulmonary Artery/abnormalities , Pulmonary Artery/diagnostic imaging , Dog Diseases/congenital , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Echocardiography/veterinary , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary
2.
Pol J Vet Sci ; 22(3): 475-480, 2019 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31560469

ABSTRACT

In the literature the occurrence of thymomas in goats varies from 0.7 to 25%, depending on the study. Therefore the current investigation was carried out to determine the prevalence of thymoma in goats in Poland. Between 2007 and 2018 at the Warsaw Veterinary Faculty 399 goat autopsies and ultrasound examinations of the chest in other 145 goats were performed. Mediastinal tumors were diagnosed during post mortem examination in 2 goats. Additionally, ultrasound examination of the chest revealed a large mass close to the heart in the thoracic cavity in 1 case. This goat was euthanized and an autopsy confirmed a mediastinal tumor. Histopathological examination, with immunohistochemical tests to anti cytokeratin, p63 and p40 confirmed thymomas in all three cases. In our study thymomas were found in 0.5% (95% CI: 0.1% to 1.8%) of examined goats and they represented the most common malignancy in this species.


Subject(s)
Goat Diseases/pathology , Thymoma/veterinary , Thymus Neoplasms/veterinary , Animals , Female , Goats , Thymoma/pathology , Thymus Neoplasms/pathology
3.
Pol J Vet Sci ; 22(1): 43-49, 2019 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30997758

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to obtain reference values for diastolic cardiac function parameters in healthy dogs and to ascertain if significant differences exist between dogs of various age, weight and sex. The study was performed on 82 healthy dogs of different age and breed. Eleven param- eters were analyzed: peak velocity during early diastolic filling, acceleration time of early diastol- ic filling, deceleration time of early diastolic filling, total time of early diastolic filling, peak veloc- ity during late diastolic filling, acceleration time of late diastolic filling, deceleration time of late diastolic filling, total time of late diastolic filling, total time of early and late diastolic filling, ratio of peak velocities during early and late diastolic filling, isovolumetric relaxation time. The Dop- pler measurements used for general assessment of diastolic function in healthy dogs were signifi- cantly influenced by body weight, heart rate and age. No significant differences were found be- tween males and females. This study described the value of non-invasive echocardiographic assessment of diastolic function in healthy dogs.


Subject(s)
Aging , Body Weight , Dogs/physiology , Echocardiography/veterinary , Ventricular Function/physiology , Animals , Diastole , Female , Heart/diagnostic imaging , Male
4.
Pol J Vet Sci ; 21(4): 779-788, 2018 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30605275

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to establish reference values for 2D and M-mode measurements in Dachshunds. Basic echocardiographic data, including M-mode, 2D and spectral Doppler mea- surements, was collected, analyzed and compared between 41 healthy Dachshunds and 50 other healthy dogs of similar weight. Echocardiographic reference intervals were prepared for Dachs- hunds. Dachshunds had a smaller left ventricular diameter in diastole and systole and a thicker septum than other dog breeds. Male Dachshunds had larger diastolic and systolic left ventricular diameter than females. Reference intervals for 2D and M-mode measurements in healthy Dachs- hunds differ from other dogs of similar weight and should be used for this breed to assess cham- ber enlargement.


Subject(s)
Echocardiography/veterinary , Thorax/diagnostic imaging , Animals , Dogs , Echocardiography/methods , Female , Male
5.
Pol J Vet Sci ; 20(4): 723-729, 2017 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29611636

ABSTRACT

Chronic mitral valve disease, which is frequently diagnosed in Dachshunds, leads to structural, hemodynamic and redox state changes in dogs. The aim of this study was to investigate serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and lipid metabolism in different disease stages. Standardized PON1 activity (PON1/HDL ratio) was lower in asymptomatic dogs, B1 and B2 Stages when compared to healthy ones and symptomatic Dachshunds in Stage C (ACVIM classfication). PON1 paraoxonase activity was elevated in Stage C dogs, with no changes found in PON1 activity towards phenyl acetate. Dachshunds in Stage B2 and C showed increased triglyceride levels, with no changes in cholesterol and lipoprotein concentration in comparison to healthy ones. Our data suggest that standardized PON1 activity changes could be used in laboratory diagnostics to differentiate the CMVD of affected asymptomatic (Stage B1 and B2) dogs from healthy (Stage A) and clinically affected (Stage C) dogs. Also, a standardized PON1 activity increase might be a prognostic progression signal of the disease to Stage C.


Subject(s)
Aryldialkylphosphatase/metabolism , Dog Diseases/blood , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/veterinary , Animals , Aryldialkylphosphatase/blood , Biomarkers , Chronic Disease , Dogs , Female , Lipid Metabolism , Male , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/blood
6.
Pol J Vet Sci ; 19(4): 801-807, 2016 Dec 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28092607

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to determine if atrial natriuretic peptide can be used as an early screening tool for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Maine coon cats. ANIMALS: The study was performed in 43 Maine coon cats of both sexes, aged 11 to 92 months. Clinical and echocardiographic examinations were done and proANP serum concentrations were measured every three months over a period of one year (each cat had a total of five examinations). Cats were divided into 3 groups based on echocardiographic results: group 1 - healthy cats, group 2 - cats with unequivocal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy results, group 3 - cats with HCM. The study showed that the concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide correlates with the severity of HCM. A significant increase in serum concentration of this peptide was observed in cats from group 3, but it did not differ significantly between cats from group 2 and the healthy animals (p>0.05). A correlation was also found between proANP and age of the cats (p<0.01, r=0.5578) as well as between the ejection fraction (p=0.0285, r=0.5305) and end-systolic left ventricular diameter (p=0.05, r=0.48) in the affected animals. Atrial natriuretic peptide may be used to help in the diagnosis of advanced stages of HCM in Maine coon cats. Cats with high levels of proANP should be assigned to echocardiographic studies to confirm the disease.


Subject(s)
Atrial Natriuretic Factor/blood , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/veterinary , Cat Diseases/blood , Animals , Biomarkers , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/genetics , Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Cat Diseases/genetics , Cats , Genetic Predisposition to Disease
7.
Pol J Vet Sci ; 19(4): 849-857, 2016 Dec 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28092620

ABSTRACT

Studies identifying specific pathologically expressed genes have been performed on diseased myocardial tissue samples, however less invasive studies on gene expression of peripheral blood mononucleated cells give promising results. This study assessed transcriptomic data that may be used to evaluate Dachshunds with chronic mitral valve disease. Dachshunds with different stages of heart disease were compared to a control, healthy group. Microarray data analysis revealed clusters of patients with similar expression profiles. The clusters were compared to the clinical classification scheme. Unsupervised classification of the studied groups showed three clusters. Clinical and laboratory parameters of patients from the cluster 1 were in accordance with those found in patients without heart disease. Data obtained from patients from the cluster 3 were typical of advanced heart failure patients. Comparison of the cluster 1 and 3 groups revealed 1133 differentially expressed probes, 7 significantly regulated process pathways and 2 significantly regulated Ariadne Metabolic Pathways. This study may serve as a guideline for directing future research on gene expression in chronic mitral valve disease.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/metabolism , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/veterinary , Transcriptome/physiology , Animals , Biomarkers , Chronic Disease , Cluster Analysis , Dog Diseases/blood , Dog Diseases/pathology , Dogs , Female , Male , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/blood , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/pathology
8.
Pol J Vet Sci ; 15(1): 165-73, 2012.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22708374

ABSTRACT

Two theories, one based on the metabolism of inorganic substances, the other on metabolism of organic substances, have played an important role in the explanation of the origin of life. They demonstrate that the original environment of life on Earth was seawater containing micronutrients with structural, metabolic and catalytic activity. It is assumed that the first primitive organisms lived around 3.8 billion years ago and it was also then that the first catalytic reaction involving metal ions occurred. Biological oxidation leading to oxidative stress and cell damage in animals represents one of these types of reactions which are responsible for many animal diseases. The role of prooxidative and antioxidative actions of transition metal ions as well as their neuropathological consequences have therefore been the topic for many research projects. There is hope that metal chelates and antioxidants might prove to be a modern mode of therapy for i.e. neurogenerative diseases. The aim of this review is to show the evolution of scientific knowledge on metal ions, their biological oxidation, and an overview of their role in physiology and in pathological processes.


Subject(s)
Metals/metabolism , Metals/toxicity , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Animals , Geological Phenomena , Oxidants/metabolism , Oxidants/toxicity , Oxidation-Reduction
9.
Pol J Vet Sci ; 12(4): 523-5, 2009.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20169928

ABSTRACT

The study was undertaken to ascertain if the normal thrombocyte count in Polish ogar dog differs from normal values in other dog breeds. The reason for this study was constatation that during routine blood analysis in healthy Polish ogar dogs, thrombocytopenia, not related to the clinical state of the animals, was frequently encountered. The study was carried out on 38 Polish ogar dogs. The control group consisted of 80 dogs of various breeds. All the animals were clinically healthy. A full hematological analysis was performed. The mean platelet value in all dog breeds without the Polish ogar dogs was 344.4 +/- 6.85, while the mean number of platelets in the Polish ogar dogs amounted to 167 +/- 11.6 G/l. The limited genetic material used to rebuild the Polish ogar breed after its drastic decline during the Second World War could be the reason for various, including hematological, abnormalities that with time became a normal characteristic traits for this breed.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/genetics , Thrombocytopenia/veterinary , Animals , Blood Platelets/physiology , Dogs , Female , Male , Poland , Thrombocytopenia/genetics
10.
Pol J Vet Sci ; 10(4): 207-15, 2007.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18198536

ABSTRACT

Echocardiography is a valuable tool for the evaluation of systolic and diastolic cardiac function. A high correlation between measurements of diastolic mitral inflow parameters analyzed with Doppler echocardiography and invasive methods makes the former valuable. The aim of this study was to ascertain if significant differences occur in diastolic myocardial parameters between dogs with no heart disease and dogs with subclinical or clinical dilated cardiomyopathy. Furthermore the aim of the study was to determine whether heart failure in dilated cardiomypathy is a result of systolic dysfunction alone or both systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Eleven parameters were analyzed: E wave, E-AT, E-DT, E time, A wave, A-AT, A-DT, A time, E+A time, E/A ratio, and IVRT. The study confirmed the value of noninvasive echocardiographic assessment of diastolic function in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy. Significant differences were found in E wave, E-AT, E time, E/A ratio and IVRT between healthy dogs and dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy. All are characterized by a significant decrease compared to healthy dogs after taking into account age and body weight except for the E/A ratio, which significantly increased in value. There were no significant changes in any of the Doppler parameters for diastolic evaluation in subclinical cases of DCM. Advanced heart failure in dilated cardiomyopathy entails systolic and diastolic dysfunction.


Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/veterinary , Diastole/physiology , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Echocardiography/veterinary , Animals , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/diagnostic imaging , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/pathology , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/physiopathology , Dog Diseases/pathology , Dog Diseases/physiopathology , Dogs
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