ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Dementia is characterised by cognitive deterioration and the manifestation of psychological and behavioural symptoms, especially changes in perception, thought content, mood, and conduct. In addition to drug therapy, non-pharmacological treatments are used to manage these symptoms, and one of these latter treatments is music therapy. Since this novel technique in non-verbal, it can be used to treat patients with dementia at any stage, even when cognitive deterioration is very severe. Patients' responses to music are conserved even in the most advanced stages of the disease DEVELOPMENT: A literature research was carried out using the following databases: Academic Search Complete, PubMed, Science Direct y Dialnet. The period of publication was 2003 to 2013 and the search keywords were 'Music Therapy, Dementia, Behaviour, Behaviour Disorders y Behavioural Disturbances'. Out of the 2188 studies that were identified, 11 studies met inclusion criteria for the systematic review. CONCLUSIONS: Music therapy is beneficial and improves behavior disorders, anxiety and agitation in subjects diagnosed with dementia.
Subject(s)
Dementia/therapy , Music Therapy/methods , Psychomotor Agitation/psychology , Anxiety/psychology , Dementia/psychology , HumansABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: To improve hamstring extensibility some methods have been analyzed and compared for determining their acute and chronic effectiveness. OBJECTIVE: To compare the immediate effect of electrical muscle elongation (EME) versus Kinesio tape (KT) in hamstring muscle extensibility. METHODS: One hundred and twenty adult amateur athletes with hamstring shortness (straight leg raise test angle <80â¦) were randomly assigned to a group: group 1 (EME session of 4 KHz interferential current, bipolar technique and AMF = 100 Hz, n = 40), group 2 (KT, n = 40) or group 3 (control group, no intervention, n = 40). Hamstring extensibility was assessed before and after the intervention through the active knee extension test. Results: Significant improvements were found in both EME and KT groups whereas no changes were detected in the control group. However, no significant differences between both techniques were detected. The EME group showed large effect size (d = 0.843) while the KT group reached medium effect size (d = 0.431). CONCLUSIONS: Both electrical muscle elongation and Kinesio tape are effective techniques in the short-term in amateur athletes with decreased hamstring extensibility. The higher increase of hamstring extensibility, with a better clinical effect was achieved with the application of electrical muscle elongation. However, no significant differences were found when comparing the effectiveness of both techniques.
