Registros enfermeros, medidas de prevención e incidencia de úlceras por presión en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos / Nursing records, prevention measures and incidence of pressure ulcers in an Intensive Care Unit

Objetivos: Determinar la incidencia y categoría más incidente de úlceras por presión (UPP). Conocer las características clínicas de las UPP. Determinar si se realiza un registro adecuado de UPP y las medidas de prevención utilizadas. Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo realizado durante el año 2014 en la UCI del Hospital Universitario Araba (HUA)-Txagorritxu. La población de estudio fueron todos los pacientes ingresados con UPP, obtenidos mediante muestreo accidental. Los datos se recogieron a través de los registros informatizados del programa Metavisión de valoración del riesgo, valoración clínica y tratamiento de UPP, los cuales se analizaron con estadística descriptiva y se procesaron mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS, versión 22.0. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité Ético de Investigaciones Clínicas del HUA. Resultados: La incidencia de pacientes con UPP durante el 2014 alcanzó el 6,78%. La localización de UPP más frecuente fue en la zona sacra y en los talones. La categoría de UPP más incidente fue la II, seguida de la I. De las 98 UPP tratadas en nuestros pacientes, 43 se produjeron fuera del servicio y 55 en la UCI del HUA. La ausencia de registro, en todas las variables descritas sobre las UPP, fue de un 19,01%. Conclusiones: La incidencia de UPP alcanzó un porcentaje inferior a lo existente en la literatura actual. La categoría, localización y características clínicas más frecuentes se asimilan a estudios previos. Existe una elevada tasa de no registro de las características de las UPP declaradas. Se efectuaron unas buenas medidas de prevención de UPP y registro de las mismas

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to determine the incidence and most incident pressure ulcers (PU) category. Establish the main clinical characteristics of these PU. Determine whether there is adequate documentation of PU and of the measures used to prevent them. Method: Observational descriptive and retrospective study during 2014 at Intensive Care Unit (ICU)-University Hospital of Araba. Study sample, all patients suffering from PU at the time of the study by accidental sampling. Computerised records regarding risk assessment, clinical assessment and pressure sore treatment, provided by the 'Metavision' computer programme and descriptive statistics using SPSS version 22.0. Approval from the Ethics Committee for Clinical Research of the University Hospital of Araba was obtained. Results: The incidence of patients suffering from PU during 2014 was 6.78%. The most common locations for PU were the sacral region and the heels: the most incident pressure ulcers category was grade II, followed by grade I. Out of the 98 PU treated in our patients, 43 occurred outside the ICU and 55 in the unit itself. The lack of records, in all the variables described about PU, was 19.10%. Conclusions: The incidence of pressure ulcers was lower than in the current literature. The most frequent category, location and clinical characteristics are comparable to previous studies. There is a high rate of failing to record the characteristics of the PU declared. Good PU prevention measures and recording were carried out

Nursing records, prevention measures and incidence of pressure ulcers in an Intensive Care Unit. / Registros enfermeros, medidas de prevención e incidencia de úlceras por presión en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this paper is to determine the incidence and most incident pressure ulcers (PU) category. Establish the main clinical characteristics of these PU. Determine whether there is adequate documentation of PU and of the measures used to prevent them. METHOD: Observational descriptive and retrospective study during 2014 at Intensive Care Unit (ICU)-University Hospital of Araba. Study sample, all patients suffering from PU at the time of the study by accidental sampling. Computerised records regarding risk assessment, clinical assessment and pressure sore treatment, provided by the 'Metavision' computer programme and descriptive statistics using SPSS version 22.0. Approval from the Ethics Committee for Clinical Research of the University Hospital of Araba was obtained. RESULTS: The incidence of patients suffering from PU during 2014 was 6.78%. The most common locations for PU were the sacral region and the heels: the most incident pressure ulcers category was grade II, followed by grade I. Out of the 98 PU treated in our patients, 43 occurred outside the ICU and 55 in the unit itself. The lack of records, in all the variables described about PU, was 19.10%. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of pressure ulcers was lower than in the current literature. The most frequent category, location and clinical characteristics are comparable to previous studies. There is a high rate of failing to record the characteristics of the PU declared. Good PU prevention measures and recording were carried out.