ABSTRACT
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are responsible for a significant part of the global burden of cancer. Epidemiologic studies have shown increasing trends of HPV-related oral cancers worldwide. Dental professionals need comprehensive up-to-date HPV-related information to be able to provide correct advice to their patients. The aim of this paper is to describe knowledge and awareness levels of dental students from Spain on HPV infection, HPV vaccination, oral cancer prevention, and HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer. A survey was distributed to 240 dental students, of which 158 returned it. Most students reported not been vaccinated against HPV (n = 81, 51.3%) and believed that HPV infection was linked to oropharyngeal cancer (75%). Overall, advanced students showed better knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding this issue while novice students showed relevant shortcomings. However, their attitudes in relation to the diagnosis of oral cancer were adequate. These results suggest that there are important HPV-related knowledge deficits among Spanish dental students, which hinders their interventions in oropharyngeal primary prevention efforts. Findings of this study suggest the inclusion and standardization of HPV-related educational information to the dental curriculum.
Subject(s)
Health Education , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Mouth Neoplasms/prevention & control , Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control , Papillomavirus Vaccines/administration & dosage , Students, Dental/psychology , Vaccination/psychology , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Mouth Neoplasms/epidemiology , Mouth Neoplasms/virology , Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification , Papillomavirus Infections/complications , Papillomavirus Infections/virology , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Spain/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Vaccination/statistics & numerical data , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This article aims to study differences in the bone formation and the graft resorption of two bone graft substitutes (BGS). Besides, it is our attempt to observe possible qualitative and quantitative differences in the bone reparation of the outer layer covered by collagen membrane and the uncovered inner layer in close contact with dura mater. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twelve rabbits were employed. Deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) and ß-tricalcium phosphate (BTCP) were used as BGS. Four subcritical round defects (7 mm) were drilled in the cranial vault, removing both cortical walls. One of the holes was filled with DBB, and other was filled with BTCP. Each symmetrical position to DBB and BTCP was left empty. The whole defect set was covered with a collagen membrane. Histological and morphometric analysis was performed for 1, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 52 weeks. Morphometry measurements were carried out taking into account the whole defect and splitting inner and outer areas. RESULTS: In DBB sites, a rapid bone growth is observed, linking the remaining particles and integrating them into the bone matrix. Permanence of these DBB particles from week 16 onwards restrains the growth of bone fraction. A greater bone growth appears in areas repaired with BTCP than in those repaired with DBB, both in the outer layer (under-membrane) and the inner layer (over dura mater). In DBB sites, a slower growth is observed in the inner layer, with no significant differences in the final bone fraction at both strata. CONCLUSIONS: Both materials favour the closure of the defects provoked. In both cases, a synergistic effect with the collagen membrane is observed. DBB remains integrated in the bone matrix, while BTCP displays a pattern of highly developed progressive resorption with an outstanding bone fraction development.
