ABSTRACT
Background: Nurses´ perceptions of leaders´ leadership styles has a significant impact on their well-being. Effective leadership in health care is crucial for improving and enhancing the effectiveness of health care systems. This study aimed to assess the perceived utilization of leadership styles among nurses at Jimma town public health facilities, Ethiopia. Methods: This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 403 nurses. Data were collected through a self-administered structured questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6 and then exported to SPSS version 25. The strength of association was described using unstandardized adjusted ß with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value <0.05. Results: Of the 422 participants, 403 completed and returned the questionnaire correctly, thus achieving a response rate of 95.5%. Staff nurses perceived that their head nurses fairly often or commonly used transformational leadership styles, with a mean of 2.77±0.60. The multivariable linear regression analysis model indicated that there was a positive relationship between perceived leadership style and gender, overall organizational commitment, overall job-related stress, overall innovative work behavior, and overall leadership practice. However, there was a negative relationship between perceived leadership style and nurses who had not received previous training on leadership. Conclusion: This study highlights that transformational leadership is a commonly utilized leadership style by leader nurses. Effective and balanced use of various leadership styles requires knowledge (training), organizational commitment, and innovative work behavior from both leaders and staff nurses. Therefore, a transformational leadership style is key to achieving organizational goals and increasing staff nurses' productivity.
ABSTRACT
Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases and is a public health problem worldwide. It is a long-standing condition affecting the respiratory system. Thus this study aimed to assess the severity of asthma in patients at the adult emergency department of Jimma Medical Center (JMC), Southwest Ethiopia. A one year (1 May, 2020, to 1 May, 2021) retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 189 patients at the adult emergency department of JMC. Data were collected between 25 July, 2021 to 25 August, 2021 by two Bachelor of Science degree holders in nursing (BSC) nurses after providing proper training. We used structured checklist that was obtained from previous studies to collect the data. Finally, data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 then exported to Stata version 15.0 for further analysis. Multinomial analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between risk factors and severity of asthma. Of 195 patients retrieved from the Health management information system (HMIS) logbook and patient profile, 189 fulfilled the eligibility criteria giving a response rate of 96.9%. The mean age of patients was 47.69 (± 19.02) years old ranging from 20 to 85. More than one third of the patients were age range of 20-39 years. Only more than half of the patients were women. Almost 46% of the patients had moderate asthma. Being male, merchant and government employees had lower odds of asthma than their counterparts whereas being daily laborers and smoking contributed to increased odds of moderate asthma. Patients' age and comorbidities had increased odds of severe asthma in relation to the participants of their reference category. Urban residents had decreased odds of severe asthma compared to their rural counterparts. This study highlights that majority of patients had moderate asthma. Health care providers should pay special attention to accurately diagnosing asthma according to its severity which is essential to the optimal management of asthma. This study calls JMC health care providers to give due attention while providing routine care for their patients in accordance to identified factors.
