Coastal wastewater treatment plants as a source of endocrine disrupting micropollutants: a case study of Lithuania in the Baltic Sea.

In temperate coastal areas, the resident population often increases during holidays. As a result, this can lead to higher wastewater production and release of pollutants. The connection between micropollutants such as plasticizers and hormones with the changing resident population along the Baltic Sea coast has yet to be thoroughly studied. Therefore, we have monitored the wastewater quality and specific micropollutants before and after treatment at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) at small and large seaside resorts. The findings indicate a strong link between tourism indicators and wastewater production during the summer months. The rise in different micropollutants, specifically plasticizers, during the summer demonstrates a link with tourism activity. Furthermore, we have identified a non-linear association between the tourism indicators and the total estrogenic equivalent (EEQ). Overall, this research particularly emphasizes the growing importance of wastewater quality in terms of conventional nutrient pollution and various micropollutants.

Wind energy development and wildlife conservation in Lithuania: A mapping tool for conflict assessment.

The paper presents a mapping tool aiming to identify and minimise potential conflicts between onshore wind energy development and wildlife conservation in Lithuania. It merges current information on the distribution, conservation status and sensitivity of birds and bats to wind power with an integrated evaluation of wind resources (modelled wind speed), special planning status and technical perspectives of wind energy development. The paper includes assessment of the selected wildlife species which were described as sensitive to wind power (69 breeding and 43 migratory bird species and 17 bat species bats in the country). Used species level information allowed the precise identification of sensitive territories and might be used to mitigate negative wind farm effects using special measures based on species behavior. Finally, we delivered overlaps as possible conflicts among the most promising wind farm areas and the areas with high sensitivity in relation to bird and bat distribution. These overlaps point to the required attention and relevant decisions that are needed to ensure sustainable development of wind energy throughout the country. We suggest this tool for initial determination of appropriate areas for wind energy development in the country and as supplement to Environmental Impact Assessment.