ABSTRACT
La paracoccidioidomicosis es una micosis sistémica considerada endémica en Latinoamerica y es causada por hongos del género Paracoccidioides. Los principales afectados por la enfermedad son hombres mayo- res de 30 años que realizan trabajo rural. Comienza generalmen- te con una primo-infección pulmonar, que suele ser asintomáti- ca o leve, y tras un período de latencia se desarrolla la enferme- dad diseminada crónica con síntomas pulmonares y extrapul- monares. La cavidad bucal es un sitio frecuente de afectación ex- trapulmonar. A continuación, se describirá un caso clínico que evidencia las manifestaciones orales de dicha enfermedad, que contribuirá en el diagnóstico oportuno de la misma.
Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis which is consid- ered endemic in Latin America. It is cissed by paracoccidioides fungi. e main affected group is men over 30 years old who work in the rural areas. Usually, this type of mycosis starts as a pulmonary infection that is usually asymptomatic or has mild symptoms. After a variable period of latency, it evolves to a chronic disseminated disease with pulmonary and extrapulmo- nary manifestations. e oral cavity is a frequent site of its ex- trapulmonary presentation. In this report, a clinical case and its oral manifestations will be described, the timely recognition of them will contribute to its accurate diagnosis
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Paracoccidioidomycosis , Bacterial Infections and Mycoses , MycosesABSTRACT
The species of Eilema Hübner, [1819] sensu lato, present in Europe and North Africa, are studied on the basis of morphological characteristics and molecular genetics. Images of adults, genitalia of both sexes, immature stages, as well as phylogenetic trees obtained from the combined analysis of three different genetic markers are presented. Data on life cycles, food plants, and geographic distribution are also included. The morphological differences observed within Eilema sensu lato have led the authors to create the genera Indalia gen. nov. and Pseudokatha gen. nov. New combinations are stablished: Manulea iberica (Mentzer, 1980) st. rest., comb. nov.; Indalia marcida (Mann, 1859) comb. nov.; Indalia predotae (Schawerda, 1927) comb. nov.; Indalia albicosta (Rogenhofer, 1894) comb. nov.; Indalia interposita (Rothschild, 1914) comb. nov.; Indalia uniola (Rambur, [1866]) comb. nov.; Indalia lutarella (Linnaeus, 1758) comb. nov.; Indalia pygmaeola (Doubleday, 1847) comb. nov.; Pseudokatha rungsi (Toulgoët, 1960) comb. nov., and Eilema albicosta witti Kobes, 1993 syn. nov.
Subject(s)
Moths , Female , Male , Animals , Phylogeny , Africa, Northern , Europe , GenitaliaABSTRACT
The Iberian species of the genera Coscinia Hübner, [1819] and Spiris Hübner, [1819], as well as three other species from the Mediterranean area, are revised based on morphological and molecular genetic data. Our results suggest the separation into four morphologically and phylogenetically different genera: Coscinia Hübner, [1819], Lerautia Kemal Koçak, 2006 stat. rev., Sagarriella Macià, Mally, Ylla, Gastón Huertas gen. nov. and Spiris Hübner, [1819]. We conclude that there are eight species of the Coscinia genus group present in the studied area: Coscinia cribraria (Linnaeus, 1758), Coscinia chrysocephala (Hübner, [1810]) stat. rev., Coscinia mariarosae Expósito, 1991, Sagarriella libyssa caligans (Turati, 1907) comb. nov., Sagarriella romei (Sagarra, 1924) (= romeii sensu auctorum) comb. nov., Spiris striata Hübner, [1819], Spiris slovenica (Daniel, 1939) and Lerautia bifasciata (Rambur, 1832) comb. rev. We consider Coscinia cribraria benderi (Marten, 1957) stat. nov., Coscinia c. rippertii (Boisduval, 1834) and Coscinia c. ibicenca Kobes, 1991 stat. rev. to be subspecies of C. cribraria. COI Barcodes of C. cribraria diverge by up to 7.99%, and the investigated specimens group into six different COI Barcode BINs. Both the phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA and the morphological examination of different specimens corroborate the changes in taxonomic status and justify the proposed taxonomic categories. We present images of adults and genitalia of both sexes, the immature stages of some of the species and the subspecies studied, as well as phylogenetic results from the analysis of genetic data. We also include data on life history, foodplants and geographical distribution.
Subject(s)
Moths , Mustelidae , Animals , Female , Genitalia , Male , Mitochondria , PhylogenyABSTRACT
Se presentas dos casos separados que muestran similaridades y diferencias entre comunidades, una aymara Pampa Aullgas y la segunda quechua, Payrumani. Los hallazgos cubren muchos topicos; las creencias, valores y practicas asociadas con la alta mortalidad, la alta fecundidad, el trabajo infantil, la migracion infantil, la migracion estacional, el infanticidio, el aborto y el uso de sistemas de salud tanto tradicionales como occidentales. Ademas de proveer importante informacion nueva en estas areas, los casos estudiados señalan la existencia de patrones de interdependencia entre creencias, valores y practicas. Estos patrones tienen mas sentido si son vistos como elementos dentro de un conjunto interrelacionado de practicas de supervivencia culturalmente condicionados que se analizan como fenomenos independientes en si mismos
