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1.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 38(1): e38110, 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1389667

ABSTRACT

Resumen: La complicación más frecuente de la úlcera del pie diabético (UPD) es la infección, siendo el desencadenante principal de amputaciones menores y mayores. La osteomielitis (OM) está presente hasta en el 60% de los casos y su tratamiento es un desafío, generando controversias según las formas clínicas de presentación. La resección del hueso infectado ha sido el tratamiento estándar, pudiendo generar secuelas funcionales y úlceras recurrentes. En las últimas dos décadas se propuso el tratamiento antimicrobiano con cirugía conservadora o sin cirugía en las lesiones del antepie, con resultados satisfactorios. Objetivo: presentar los resultados del tratamiento médico de la osteomielitis del pie en pacientes diabéticos, priorizando resecciones mínimas que eviten amputaciones desestabilizantes de su biomecánica. Se evaluaron seis pacientes con diabetes mellitus (DM) tratados en la Unidad de Pie, con osteomielitis de falanges, metatarsianos y calcáneo, tratados con antibióticos durante 7±2 semanas y con resecciones limitadas al antepié, con buena evolución. Durante un año de seguimiento hubo ausencia de cualquier signo de infección en el sitio inicial o contiguo de la lesión, preservando el apoyo. Conclusión: la cirugía con resección mínima sin amputación local o de alto nivel tiene éxito en casos seleccionados de osteomielitis del pie diabético. Deben realizarse ensayos prospectivos para determinar sus beneficios frente a otros enfoques.


Abstract: Infection is the most frequent complication in diabetic foot ulcers, and it is the main cause of minor and major lower extremities amputations. Osteomyelitis accounts for 60% of cases and it constitutes a challenge when it comes to treatment, since controversies arise depending on its clinical presentation. Resection of the infected bone has been the golden standard, despite it may cause functional sequelae and recurring ulcers. In the last two decades antibiotic therapy has emerged, combined with a conservative surgical approach or no surgery in forefoot lesions, the results being satisfactory. Objective: to present the results of medical treatment of foot osteomyelitis in diabetic patients, prioritizing minimal resections that avoid amputations which alter the biomechanics of the foot. The study evaluated 6 diabetic patients assisted at the Diabetic Foot Unit, with phalanx, metatarsal and calcaneal osteomyelitis. They received antibiotic therapy for 7 ± 2 weeks and resections were limited to the forefoot, showing good evolution. During a one-year follow-up, there were no signs of infection in the initial site or adjacent to the lesion, support of the foot being preserved. Conclusion: minimum resection surgery with no local or major amputation is a successful therapy in selected cases of diabetic foot osteomyelitis. Prospective trials are necessary to determine benefits of this management when compared to other approaches.


Resumo: A complicação mais frequente da úlcera do pé diabético (UFD) é a infecção, sendo o principal desencadeador de amputações menores e maiores. A osteomielite (OM) está presente em até 60% dos casos e seu tratamento é um desafio, gerando controvérsias dependendo de suas formas clínicas de apresentação. A ressecção do osso infectado tem sido o tratamento padrão, podendo gerar sequelas funcionais e úlceras recorrentes. Nas últimas duas décadas, o tratamento antimicrobiano com cirurgia conservadora ou sem cirurgia tem sido proposto nas lesões do antepé, com resultados satisfatórios. Objetivo: apresentar os resultados do tratamento clínico da osteomielite do pé em pacientes diabéticos, priorizando ressecções mínimas que evitem amputações desestabilizadoras de sua biomecânica. Foram avaliados seis pacientes diabéticos (DM) atendidos na Unidade do Pé, com osteomielite de falanges, metatarsos e calcâneo, tratados com antibióticos por 7±2 semanas e ressecções limitadas ao antepé com boa evolução. Durante um ano de seguimento, não houve sinais de infecção no local inicial ou contíguo da lesão, preservando o suporte. Conclusão: a cirurgia com ressecção mínima sem amputação local ou de alto nível é bem-sucedida em casos selecionados de osteomielite do pé diabético. Ensaios prospectivos devem ser realizados para determinar os benefícios desta em relação a outras abordagens.


Subject(s)
Osteomyelitis , Diabetic Foot , Conservative Treatment
2.
Vasa ; 45(2): 133-40, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27058799

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Statins have been reported to help prevent the development and the recurrence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). We conducted a prospective randomized clinical trial to compare the effects of rosuvastatin plus a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), bemiparin, with conventional LMWH therapy in the treatment of DVT. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In total, 234 patients were randomized into two groups, 116 in the LMWH group and 118 in the statin plus LMWH group. All patients underwent lower limb duplex ultrasound and analytic markers at diagnosis and three months of follow-up. The final analysis included 230 patients. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in D-dimer levels after three months of follow-up between patients treated with LMWH+rosuvastatin compared to the LMWH group (802.51 + 1062.20 vs. 996.25 + 1843.37, p = 0.897). The group of patients treated with statins displayed lower levels of CRP (4.17 + 4.27 vs. 22.39 + 97.48, p = 0.018) after three months of follow-up. The Villalta scale demonstrated significant differences between groups (3.45 + 6.03 vs. 7.79 + 5.58, p = 0.035). There was a significant decrease in PTS incidence (Villalta score> 5) in the rosuvastatin group (38.3 % vs. 48.5%, p = 0.019). There were no differences in EuroQol score between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Adjuvant rosuvastatin treatment in patients diagnosed of DVT improve CRP levels and diminish PTS incidence.


Subject(s)
Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/therapeutic use , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Rosuvastatin Calcium/therapeutic use , Venous Thrombosis/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Biomarkers/blood , C-Reactive Protein/metabolism , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/metabolism , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/adverse effects , Humans , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Male , Middle Aged , Postthrombotic Syndrome/prevention & control , Prospective Studies , Quality of Life , Rosuvastatin Calcium/adverse effects , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex , Venous Thrombosis/blood , Venous Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging
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