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1.
J Prev Med Hyg ; 63(2 Suppl 3): E1-E3, 2022 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36479496

ABSTRACT

Achille Bertelli was an aeronautics pioneer and an innovative entrepreneur of the pharmaceutical industry. After graduating in Chemistry in Italy, he moved to the United States of America where he opened a chemical-pharmaceutical laboratory in San Francisco in 1879, and later moved back to Italy where he opened a chemical and pharmaceutical industry in Milan (1886). The "A. Bertelli" pharmaceutical company developed the famous cough pills "Catramina Bertelli", as well as new cosmetics and perfumes. Apart from his chemical experience, Achille Bertelli was a passionate aeronautics expert. He wrote many essays on this topic and devoted himself to aeronautical experiments by designing the apparatus "Autovol", "Aerocurvo", "Autovol no. 2", "Autovol no. 3", and "Aerostave", which are considered the prototypes of the helicopter. Achille Bertelli was also the president of the Electric Company of Salò, which installed an electrical system that served the lighting in many cities on Lake Garda (Italy). Finally, Achille Bertelli also participated in the Italian revival after the First World War, especially by supporting the agricultural revival. Throughout his life, Achille Bertelli teamed with several famous people from all over Italy, such as Gabriele D'Annunzio, Cesare Lombroso and Cordero di Montezemolo. Today, Achille Bertelli's interest for natural molecules, his ideas, and his entrepreneurial approach are carried forward by his descendant, Matteo Bertelli.


Subject(s)
Diet, Mediterranean , Humans , Cities , Italy , Dietary Supplements , Pharmaceutical Preparations
2.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc ; 84(1): 74-85, 2011 Dec 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21975044

ABSTRACT

Ultrasound effects on biological samples are gaining a growing interest concerning in particular, the intracellular delivery of drugs and genes in a safe and in a efficient way. Future progress in this field will require a better understanding of how ultrasound and acoustic cavitation affect the biological system properties. The morphological changes of cells due to ultrasound (US) exposure have been extensively studied, while little attention has been given to the cells structural changes. We have exposed two different cell lines to 1 MHz frequency ultrasound currently used in therapy, Jurkat T-lymphocytes and NIH-3T3 fibroblasts, both employed as models respectively in the apoptosis and in the gene therapy studies. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy was used as probe to reveal the structural changes in particular molecular groups belonging to the main biological systems. The genotoxic damage of cells exposed to ultrasound was ascertained by the Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus (CBMN) assay. The FTIR spectroscopy results, combined with multivariate statistical analysis, regarding all cellular components (lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) of the two cell lines, show that Jurkat cells are more sensitive to therapeutic ultrasound in the lipid and protein regions, whereas the NIH-3T3 cells are more sensitive in the nucleic acids region; a meaningful genotoxic effect is present in both cell lines only for long sonication times while in the Jurkat cells also a significant cytotoxic effect is revealed for long times of exposure to ultrasound.


Subject(s)
Drug Delivery Systems , Fibroblasts/cytology , Gene Transfer Techniques , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared/methods , T-Lymphocytes/cytology , Ultrasonics , Amides/chemistry , Animals , Cell Nucleus Division , Cytokinesis , Humans , Jurkat Cells , Lipids/chemistry , Mice , Micronucleus Tests , NIH 3T3 Cells , Nucleic Acids/chemistry , Principal Component Analysis , Protein Structure, Secondary , Sonication
3.
Anal Bioanal Chem ; 399(8): 2771-8, 2011 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21249341

ABSTRACT

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflection can be used to discriminate the necrotic from the apoptotic cell death in a tumoral T cell line irradiated by a UV source able to induce both apoptosis and necrosis. Using Jurkat cells as the model system, significant spectral differences in the irradiated cells vs. time were observed in the lipid-proteins ratio absorbance band at 1,397 cm(-1) and in lactic acid IR band at 1,122 cm(-1); these spectral features are inversely correlated with the percentage of apoptotic cells assessed by flow cytometry. From the analysis of second derivatives in the IR spectral region between 1,800 and 900 cm(-1), we have detected two significant spectral changes: the first centered at 1,621 cm(-1) by analyzing the components of the amide I band and the second centered at 1,069 cm(-1) due to C-O stretching vibration of the DNA backbone sensitive to the dehydrated state of DNA; these identified differences in the intracellular biomolecules have been allowed to monitor the necrotic process. The variations in the spectral data set have been identified by the Kruskal-Wallis test and confirmed by the hierarchical cluster analysis.


Subject(s)
Apoptosis , Neoplasms/physiopathology , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared/methods , Humans , Jurkat Cells
4.
Radiat Res ; 168(6): 698-705, 2007 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18088183

ABSTRACT

We studied the induction of apoptosis in Jurkat cells by UVB radiation (wavelength 290-320 nm) at a dose of 310 mJ/ cm2. We combined Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with flow cytometry to determine whether the combination of both techniques could provide new and improved information about cell modifications. To do this, we looked for correspondences and correlations between spectroscopy and flow cytometry data and found three highly probable spectroscopic markers of apoptosis. The behavior of the wave number shift of both the Amide I beta-sheet component and the area of the 1083 cm(-1) band reproduced, with a high correlation, the behavior of the early apoptotic cell population, while the behavior of the Amide I area showed a high correlation with the early plus late apoptotic cell population.


Subject(s)
Apoptosis/radiation effects , Flow Cytometry/methods , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared/methods , Ultraviolet Rays , Amides/chemistry , Humans , Jurkat Cells , Lipid Metabolism/radiation effects , Nucleic Acids/chemistry , Protein Structure, Secondary , Proteins/chemistry , Proteins/metabolism
5.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol ; 14(1-2): 51-9, 2003 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21782662

ABSTRACT

The main purpose of this work is to investigate the possibility of utilizing both a classical biological method to test cytotoxicity and a physical measurement procedure as the FT-IR spectroscopy to study the interaction between cells lines and heavy metals. Jurkart, a lymphocyte cell line, was treated with cadmium chloride, cadmium oxide and the organic germanium compound named Ge-oxy-132. The utilized value of heavy metal concentration allows us to obtain significant results with both methods and with all metals. In fact by using lower values of concentration any effect is revealed after treatment with germanium. The results of the simultaneous measurements by both experimental procedures are here reported for the first time and show that, while the cytotoxic effects of the two cadmium compounds are confirmed, the organic germanium compound reveals a very different and interesting interaction with Jurkart cells. The behaviour of the Jurkart cells upon the uptake of cadmium or organic germanium is very different: while treatment with CdO and CdCl(2) determines proteins denaturation and lipids oxidation in cells until the death, these processes are not revealed after Ge-oxy-132 treatment.

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