[Modulators of intracellular metabolism in the treatment of diseases of the internal ear]. / Moduliatory vnutrikletochnogo metabolizma v lechenii zabolevanii vnutrennego ukha.

Stress reactions develop in different organs as a result of the effect of unfavourable factors which increase the differential threshold for men. These derangements mainly occur in the organs where we can observe an inadequacy between high level of metabolism in the cell and instability of energy supply. Under such conditions stress reactions in the cells have the following stages in succession: intensiveness of the lipolysis in mitochondria, accumulation in the cells of fatty acid metabolites, destruction of the membranous apparatus of the cells, increase in the presence of Ca++ in the cells.

[Blood supply of the ear and gravity]. / Krovosnabzhenie ukha i gravitatsiia.

The terminal circulation of the labyrinth is weak and slow. There is no musculature or vasomotor innervation in labyrinthine arterial vessels, which makes hardly feasible circulation control for therapeutic purposes. The rate of circulation in the labyrinth varies as a function of local pCO2 and is controlled by arteriolar-venular anastomoses. Labyrinthine circulation is also influenced by the gravitational field. This is especially true of man and his upright posture because changes in the spatial body position cause significant blood shifts. In the dependent segments of the body, the hydrostatic pressure of arterial and venous blood increases and intracapillary pressure grows. As a result, capillaries become enlarged inducing mixed-type hyperemia. Transcapillary filtration of plasma containing oxygen and trophic substances, including drugs, enhances. Under conditions of mixed, partially venous, hyperemia the number of functioning capillaries increases. In the cranial part, including the labyrinth, these reactions have a negative sign in the orthostatic position, and a positive sign in the antiorthostatic position. In order to increase the efficacy of innex ear treatment, we applied the method of therapeutic hyperemia. Patients were kept in a head-down position at -15 degrees for an hour and drugs were administered. This therapy proved effective in cases of sensory hypoacusis.