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1.
Actas urol. esp ; 41(4): 267-273, mayo 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-163089

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Revisar nuestra experiencia en cistectomía radical robótica, valorando las complicaciones, resultados oncológicos y funcionales. Material y métodos: Desde el 2007 al 2014 realizamos 67 cistectomías radicales robóticas asociadas a linfadenectomía en 61 casos. En 37 pacientes por tumor músculo-invasivo y en 30 por no músculo-invasivo de alto riesgo. La derivación urinaria se realizó de forma extracorpórea, siendo con neovejiga tipo Studer en 47 casos. Resultados: La pérdida hemática media fue 300ml. Ningún caso requirió conversión a cirugía abierta. La mediana de ganglios extraídos fue 16 (rango: 3-33). La anatomía patológica reveló 16 pT0, 15 (pTis,-pT1-pTa) y 44 tumores músculo-invasivos, 8 pN+ y uno con márgenes positivos. La estancia media hospitalaria fue 9 días. Con una mediana de seguimiento de 16 meses, 9 (13%) reingresaron tras el alta, la mayoría por infecciones asociadas a catéteres y sonda vesical. Cuarenta pacientes (59,7%) presentaron complicaciones (la mayoría Clavien 1-2). En 4 casos (6%) hubo recurrencia durante el seguimiento y fallecieron por enfermedad oncológica 4 (5,9%). Diecinueve (28,3%) pacientes tuvieron complicaciones después de 30 días, siendo en su mayoría infecciones urinarias. De 47 pacientes con neovejiga presentan una correcta continencia diurna 45 (95%) y nocturna del 89%. De los pacientes con función sexual previa normal o disminuida un 90% y 64% respectivamente conservan función sexual con o sin uso de tratamiento farmacológico. Conclusiones: La cistectomía radical más linfadenectomía robótica, con reconstrucción extracorpórea de la derivación urinaria, ofrece buenos resultados oncológicos y funcionales sin aumentar el número de complicaciones


Objectives: To review our experience in robot-assisted radical cystectomy, assessing the complications and oncological and functional results. Materials and methods: From 2007 to 2014, we performed 67 robot-assisted radical cystectomies combined with lymphadenectomy in 61 cases. The operations were performed on 37 patients due to muscle-invasive tumours and on 30 due to high-risk nonmuscle-invasive tumours. Urinary diversion was conducted extracorporeally, using a Studer neobladder in 47 cases. Results: The mean blood loss was 300mL. No case required conversion to open surgery. The median number of lymph nodes extracted was 16 (range 3-33). Pathology revealed 16 pT0, 15 pTis,-pT1-pTa and 44 muscle-invasive tumours, 8 pN+ and 1 with positive margins. The mean hospital stay was 9 days. With a median follow-up of 16 months, 9 (13%) patients were readmitted after the discharge, most for infections associated with the vesical catheter and other catheters. Forty patients (59.7%) presented complications (most were Clavien grade 1-2). There was recurrence during the follow-up in 4 cases (6%), and 4 (5.9%) patients died from cancer. Nineteen (28.3%) patients had complications after 30 days, most of which were urinary tract infections. Of the 47 patients with a neobladder, 45 (96%) had proper daytime continence and 42 (89%) had proper nighttime continence. Ninety percent and 64% of the patients with previously normal sexual function and reduced sexual function, respectively, were able to preserve sexual function with or without drug treatment.Conclusions: Robot-assisted radical cystectomy plus lymphadenectomy, with extracorporeal reconstruction of the urinary diversion, offers good oncological and functional results without increasing the number of complications


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cystectomy/methods , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Robotic Surgical Procedures/methods , Urinary Diversion/methods , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Treatment Outcome , Urinary Incontinence/epidemiology
2.
Actas Urol Esp ; 41(4): 267-273, 2017 May.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27769597

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To review our experience in robot-assisted radical cystectomy, assessing the complications and oncological and functional results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2007 to 2014, we performed 67 robot-assisted radical cystectomies combined with lymphadenectomy in 61 cases. The operations were performed on 37 patients due to muscle-invasive tumours and on 30 due to high-risk nonmuscle-invasive tumours. Urinary diversion was conducted extracorporeally, using a Studer neobladder in 47 cases. RESULTS: The mean blood loss was 300mL. No case required conversion to open surgery. The median number of lymph nodes extracted was 16 (range 3-33). Pathology revealed 16 pT0, 15 pTis,-pT1-pTa and 44 muscle-invasive tumours, 8 pN+ and 1 with positive margins. The mean hospital stay was 9 days. With a median follow-up of 16 months, 9 (13%) patients were readmitted after the discharge, most for infections associated with the vesical catheter and other catheters. Forty patients (59.7%) presented complications (most were Clavien grade 1-2). There was recurrence during the follow-up in 4 cases (6%), and 4 (5.9%) patients died from cancer. Nineteen (28.3%) patients had complications after 30 days, most of which were urinary tract infections. Of the 47 patients with a neobladder, 45 (96%) had proper daytime continence and 42 (89%) had proper nighttime continence. Ninety percent and 64% of the patients with previously normal sexual function and reduced sexual function, respectively, were able to preserve sexual function with or without drug treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Robot-assisted radical cystectomy plus lymphadenectomy, with extracorporeal reconstruction of the urinary diversion, offers good oncological and functional results without increasing the number of complications.


Subject(s)
Cystectomy/methods , Prostatectomy/methods , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Lymph Node Excision , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications , Retrospective Studies
3.
Actas urol. esp ; 40(2): 108-114, mar. 2016.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-150721

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La cistectomía radical (CR) con linfadenectomía ampliada es el tratamiento quirúrgico de elección para el cáncer de vejiga músculo invasivo. Las mejoras técnicas y tecnológicas, así como los buenos resultados de la cirugía robótica renal y prostática han propiciado el progresivo desarrollo de la CR robótica (CRR). Proporcionamos una visión global estructurada y una puesta al día de las complicaciones de la CCR, recogidas según la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo. Adquisición de evidencia: Realizamos la búsqueda en PubMed de todas las publicaciones sobre CRR hasta la actualidad (2014). De las 259 publicaciones encontradas se excluyeron los artículos de revisión y de análisis de costes, publicaciones con menos de 30 casos, las actualizaciones de estudios previos y aquellas cuyo objetivo principal era el estudio de otros temas relacionados con la CRR distintos de las complicaciones, quedando para el análisis final un total 38 artículos. Síntesis de evidencia: Las complicaciones más frecuentemente asociadas a la CRR son las gastrointestinales, infecciosas y genitourinarias, principalmente Clavien 1-2, seguidas de las Clavien 3-4, con tasas globales menores que en la cistectomía radical abierta (CRA) y laparoscópica (CRL), y con menor incidencia de complicaciones graves, menor sangrado intraoperatorio y mejor recuperación postoperatoria. Conclusiones: Aunque se requiere mayor evidencia científica, la CCR es una técnica cada vez más extendida que parece reducir las complicaciones, la necesidad de transfusión y mejora el tiempo de recuperación


Introduction: Radical cystectomy with extended lymphadenectomy is the surgical treatment of choice for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The technical and technological improvements and the positive results from robot-assisted kidney and prostate surgery have led to the progressive development of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC). We provide a global structured overview and an update on the complications of RARC, recorded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification system. Acquisition of evidence: We conducted a search on PubMed of all publications on RARC to date (2014). Of the 259 publications found, we excluded review articles and cost analyses, publications with less than 30 cases, updates of previous studies and those whose main objective was the study of other issues related to RARC other than complications, leaving a total of 38 articles for the final analysis. Summary of the evidence: The most common complications associated with RARC are gastrointestinal, infectious and genitourinary system, mainly Clavien 1-2, followed by Clavien 3-4. RARC had lower overall complication rates than open radical cystectomy and laparoscopic radical cystectomy and had a lower incidence of severe complications, less intraoperative bleeding and better postoperative recovery. Conclusions: Although further scientific evidence is needed, RARC is an increasingly widespread technique that appears to reduce complications as well as the need for transfusion, and it improves recovery times


Subject(s)
Humans , Cystectomy/methods , Robotic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/etiology
4.
World J Urol ; 34(3): 443-7, 2016 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26314749

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. In order to reduce the morbidity of the open surgery, a robotic-assisted approach has been recently introduced. According to the published literature, the robotic surgery allows the performance of kidney transplantation under optimal operative conditions while maintaining the safety and the functional results of the open approach. METHODS: We present the case of a mother donating to her daughter affected by end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to Alport disease (creatinine: 353 umol/l; GFR: 13 ml/min per 1.73 m(2)). RESULTS: A robotic-assisted kidney transplant (RAKT) was successfully performed. Surgical time was 120 min with 53 min for vascular suture. The estimated blood loss was <50 cc. The kidney started to produce urine intra-operatively with a rate of 250 cc/h, which remained constant over the next hours. During the first postoperative day, the patient was ambulating and started oral intake. Pain was minimal, and no analgesia was required after 48 h. Serum creatinine improved progressively to 89 umol/l on postoperative day 3. No surgical complications were recorded, and the patient was sent home on postoperative day 5. CONCLUSION: We present the first Spanish transperitoneal pure RAKT from a living-related donor. We believe this is the second pure robotic-assisted kidney transplantation case performed in Europe. We believe that the potential advantages of RAKT are related to the quality of the vascular anastomosis, the possible lower complication rate and the shorter recovery of the recipients.


Subject(s)
Kidney Failure, Chronic/surgery , Kidney Transplantation/methods , Living Donors , Nephrectomy/methods , Robotics/methods , Tissue and Organ Procurement , Adult , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Laparoscopy/methods , Operative Time
5.
Actas Urol Esp ; 40(2): 108-14, 2016 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25914065

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Radical cystectomy with extended lymphadenectomy is the surgical treatment of choice for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The technical and technological improvements and the positive results from robot-assisted kidney and prostate surgery have led to the progressive development of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC). We provide a global structured overview and an update on the complications of RARC, recorded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification system. ACQUISITION OF EVIDENCE: We conducted a search on PubMed of all publications on RARC to date (2014). Of the 259 publications found, we excluded review articles and cost analyses, publications with less than 30 cases, updates of previous studies and those whose main objective was the study of other issues related to RARC other than complications, leaving a total of 38 articles for the final analysis. SUMMARY OF THE EVIDENCE: The most common complications associated with RARC are gastrointestinal, infectious and genitourinary system, mainly Clavien 1-2, followed by Clavien 3-4. RARC had lower overall complication rates than open radical cystectomy and laparoscopic radical cystectomy and had a lower incidence of severe complications, less intraoperative bleeding and better postoperative recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Although further scientific evidence is needed, RARC is an increasingly widespread technique that appears to reduce complications as well as the need for transfusion, and it improves recovery times.


Subject(s)
Cystectomy/methods , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Robotic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Humans
6.
Actas urol. esp ; 39(2): 122-127, mar. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-133765

ABSTRACT

Contexto: La capacidad de un receptor para aceptar un injerto renal se debe a la regulación del sistema inmunológico por los fármacos inmunosupresores. Dichos tratamientos se han relacionado con la promoción y la progresión tumoral. Adquisición de evidencia: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en PubMed, de los artículos referidos a «tumores urológicos en pacientes trasplantados renales». Se resumen los aspectos más importantes en cuanto a incidencia, características específicas de cada tumor urológico y aspectos relevantes del tratamiento. Síntesis de evidencia: Las neoplasias urológicas representan un 15% de los tumores en el TR, además de ser en algunas series la principal causa de muerte de origen neoplásico. Dicha población tiene 15 veces más probabilidades de presentar cáncer de células renales (CCR), 3 veces de cáncer de células transicionales de vejiga (CCTV), 3 veces de cáncer testicular (CT) y 2 de cáncer de próstata (CP). Los tratamientos son similares a la población no trasplantada; en caso del CCR predomina la indicación de nefrectomía radical en el riñón nativo y cirugía conservadora en el injerto. En el CP localizado la prostatectomía radical es técnicamente factible. En el CCTV la inmunosupresión no representa una contraindicación para la administración de BCG o MMC. Conclusiones: Existe un incremento en la incidencia de tumores urológicos en la población TR. Dichos tumores se pueden abordar de la misma manera que en la población general, por lo que debido al potencial peor pronóstico en relación con la inmunosupresión se requiere en esta población específica un seguimiento más estrecho


Context: The ability of a transplant recipient to accept a graft depends on the ability of immunosuppressive drugs to regulate the immune system. Such treatments have been associated with tumor promotion and progression. Evidence acquisition: A systematic literature review was carried out. Electronic searches were performed in PubMed database. The searching criterion was «urological tumors in kidney transplant recipients». The most important issues regarding incidence, urological tumor-specific features, and relevant ones about the treatment are summarized. Synthesis of evidence: In renal transplant, 15%of alltumors are urological neoplasias; furthermore, they are the leading neoplastic cause of death. In transplant population the incidence rate of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), transitional cellbladder carcinoma (TCBC), testicular carcinoma (TC) and prostate cancer are increased 15, 3, 3 and 2 times respectively. Treatments used in transplant patients are similar to those employed in the general population:radical nephrectomy for the native kidney and conservative surgery for the graft are indicated for RCC. Radical prostatectomy is technically feasible for localized PC.Regarding to transitional cell carcinoma BCG or MMC is not contraindicated. Conclusions: The incidence rate of cancer has increased among transplant population. These tumors can be managed following the same criteria than in general population. Because in this population the prognosis is worse for the immunosuppression, closer monitoring is required


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Kidney Transplantation , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Urologic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/epidemiology , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Kidney Neoplasms/surgery , Penile Neoplasms/etiology , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/therapy , Testicular Neoplasms/etiology , Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology
7.
Actas Urol Esp ; 39(2): 122-7, 2015 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24996779

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: The ability of a transplant recipient to accept a graft depends on the ability of immunosuppressive drugs to regulate the immune system. Such treatments have been associated with tumor promotion and progression. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic literature review was carried out. Electronic searches were performed in PubMed database. The searching criterion was "urological tumors in kidney transplant recipients". The most important issues regarding incidence, urological tumor-specific features, and relevant ones about the treatment are summarized. SYNTHESIS OF EVIDENCE: In renal transplant, 15% of all tumors are urological neoplasias; furthermore, they are the leading neoplastic cause of death. In transplant population the incidence rate of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), transitional cell bladder carcinoma (TCBC), testicular carcinoma (TC) and prostate cancer are increased 15, 3, 3 and 2 times respectively. Treatments used in transplant patients are similar to those employed in the general population:radical nephrectomy for the native kidney and conservative surgery for the graft are indicated for RCC. Radical prostatectomy is technically feasible for localized PC.Regarding to transitional cell carcinoma BCG or MMC is not contraindicated. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate of cancer has increased among transplant population. These tumors can be managed following the same criteria than in general population. Because in this population the prognosis is worse for the immunosuppression, closer monitoring is required.


Subject(s)
Kidney Transplantation , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Urologic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/etiology , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/etiology , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/therapy , Female , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Incidence , Kidney Neoplasms/epidemiology , Kidney Neoplasms/etiology , Kidney Neoplasms/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Penile Neoplasms/epidemiology , Penile Neoplasms/etiology , Prostatectomy , Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Prostatic Neoplasms/etiology , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery , Testicular Neoplasms/epidemiology , Testicular Neoplasms/etiology , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/etiology , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/therapy , Urologic Neoplasms/etiology
8.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 33(3): 89-83, jul.-sept. 2014.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-128115

ABSTRACT

La crioterapia es una opción terapéutica para el tratamiento del cáncer renal (CR). La indicación suele corresponder a estadios T1a situados preferentemente en cara posterior y de borde externo medio e inferior del riñón. La ecografía permite realizar el procedimiento de forma controlada, además de ahorrar irradiación y costes. No suele haber complicaciones intraoperatorias. El seguimiento se realiza con TC al mes y después cada 6 meses. Se considera criterio de buen resultado, la ausencia total de incorporación de contraste. La recurrencia es poco frecuente y representa uno de los aspectos negativos de esta técnica y para evitarla hay que elegir bien los casos (AU)


Cryotherapy is a option for the treatment of renal cancer. The indication generally correspond to stages T1a preferably located on the posterior aspect and lower half of the kidney. The procedure can be guided using ultrasonography as a controlled manner to avoid irradiation and saving costs. There are usually no intraoperative complications. Monitoring is done with TC a month and then every 6 months. Criterion of good result is total lack to catch contrast. Recurrence is rare and represents one of the negative aspects of this technique. To avoid this is necessary to choose good cases (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Kidney Neoplasms/therapy , Cryotherapy/methods , Neoplasm Staging , Ultrasonography , Patient Selection
9.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 33(3): 94-101, jul.-sept. 2014. graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-128116

ABSTRACT

La inmunosupresión a la cual se someten los pacientes trasplantados renales se ha relacionado a un incremento en la incidencia de las enfermedades neoplásicas, así como un comportamiento distinto de estas con respecto al presentado en la población general. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en PubMed, de los artículos referidos a «tumores urológicos en pacientes trasplantados renales». Las neoplasias urológicas, representan un 15% de los tumores en el TR, además de ser en algunas series la principal causa de muerte de origen neoplásico. Dicha población tiene 15 veces más probabilidades de presentar cáncer de células renales (CaCR), 3 veces de cáncer de células transicionales de vejiga (CaCTV), 3 veces de cáncer testicular, y 2 de cáncer de próstata (CaP). Los tratamientos son similares a la población no trasplantada; en caso del CCR predomina la indicación de nefrectomía radical en el riñón nativo, y cirugía conservadora en el injerto. En el CaP localizado, la prostatectomía radical es técnicamente factible. En el CaCTV la inmunosupresión no representa una contraindicación para la administración de BCG o MMC. Los tumores urológicos se pueden abordar de la misma manera que la población general, por lo que debido al potencial peor pronóstico en relación a la inmunosupresión se requiere, en esta población específica, un seguimiento más estrecho (AU)


The immunosuppression to which the kidney transplant patients are subject, has been linked to an increase in the incidence of neoplastic diseases, as to a difference in behaviorof this diseases with respect to the general population. A systematic review of the literature in PubMed focused on the articles with the topic " urological tumors in renal transplant recipients" was conducted. The urological neoplasms represent 15 % of all tumors in renal transplant recipients. In some series they are the main cause of death. This population has increased incidence rate of renal cell carcinoma (15-fold), bladder (three-fold), testicular (three-fold), and prostate cancer (two-fold). The treatment they receive are similar to that of the general population; RCC has to be treated with radical native nephrectomy in case of tumor, and conservative surgery in case of tumor in the graft. In patients with localized prostate cancer, radical prostatectomy is technically feasible. Regarding transitional cell carcinoma, immunosuppression is not a contraindication for the administration of BCG or MMC. These tumors can be managed following the same criteria as in the general population. Due to the potentially poor outcome because of the immunosuppression, closer monitoring is required in this specific population (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Kidney Transplantation , Urologic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Urogenital Neoplasms/epidemiology , Urologic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Urologic Neoplasms/therapy , Immunocompromised Host , Carcinoma, Renal Cell , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell
10.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 33(1): 5-10, ene. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-119789

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un caso clínico de aneurisma de la arteria renal derecha resuelto con cirugía extracorpórea de banco y autotrasplante a fosa ilíaca. Los aneurismas de la arteria renal pueden ser: saculares, fusiformes y disecantes, pudiendo interesar las arterias segmentarias. La HTA, dolor lumbar y la hematuria son manifestaciones clínicas clásicas. La angio TC es la técnica diagnóstica de elección. El tratamiento quirúrgico está indicado en lesiones mayores de 3 cm, evaluando en cada caso particular el riesgo-beneficio de la intervención. La angioplastia es la técnica quirúrgica de elección cuando no existe posibilidad de tratamiento endovascular. Cuando la lesión arterial es compleja una opción es realizar el autotrasplante renal (AU)


A case of aneurysm of the right renal artery treated with reovascular surgery (autotransplantation) is presented. The renal artery aneurysm can be: saccular, fusiform and dissecting, and may be interested in the segmental arteries. Hypertension, lumbar pain and hematuria are classic clinical manifestations. The angio CT is the diagnostic procedure of choice. Surgical treatment is indicated for lesions larger than 3 cm, evaluating the risk-benefit of the intervention. Angioplasty is the surgical technique of choice when endovascular treatment is no feasible. When arterial injury is complex option is to perform a renal autotransplantation (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Transplantation, Autologous/methods , Aneurysm/surgery , Renal Artery/transplantation , Angioplasty/methods , Hematuria/etiology , Hypertension, Renovascular/complications
11.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 29(2): 54-60, abr. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-95004

ABSTRACT

En los últimos años se han aprobado las pruebas de marcadores tumorales no invasivos para el diagnóstico del carcinoma vesical ImmunoCyt/uCyt+, BTA TRAK, BTA STAT, NMP22, NMP22 BladderChek y UroVysion, sin embargo, ninguno de estos nuevos marcadores ha demostrado una sensibilidad y especificidad de manera simultánea lo suficientemente elevadas que permita sustituir la cistoscopia. Globalmente han demostrado mayor sensibilidad que la citología de orina, con una sensibilidad y especificidad medias del 64,80% y del 71-95% respectivamente, y valores predictivos positivo y negativo medios del 49-84% y del 79-95%. Las pruebas BTA TRAK, BTA stat, NMP22 y NMP22 BladderChek están limitadas por el elevado número de falsos positivos en casos de litiasis, infección urinaria o hematuria y debido a su baja especificidad, no se recomienda el uso de BTA TRAK, BTA stat, NMP22 Y NMP22 BladderChek sin descartar primero la presencia de una enfermedad genitouriana benigna o maligna aparte del cáncer de vejiga. Solamente UroViysion alcanza un 80% de sensibilidad y un 94% de especificidad (AU)


Over the last years, the non-invasive diagnostic tests, ImmunoCyt /uCyt+, BTA TRAK, BTA stat, NMP22, NMP22 BladderChek and UroVysion, for the diagnosis of bladder carcinomas have been approved. Nonetheless, these new markers have failed to achieve high enough sensitivity and specificity to replace cystoscopy. Globally they have shown higher sensitivity than urine cytology with a median sensitivity and specificity of 64-80% and 71-95% respectively, and median positive and negative predictive values of 49-84% and 79to 95%. The BTA TRAK, BTA stat, NMP22 and NMP22 BladderChek test have the limitation of a high false positive rate in the context of litbiasis, urinary infection or haematuria and do to its low specificity, the use of BTA TRAK, BTA stat, NMP22 and NMP22 BladderChek without first ruling out the presence of a benign or malignant genitourinary disease beside bladder cancer is not recommended. Only the UroVysion test reaches 80% sensitibity and 94% specificity (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis , Sensitivity and Specificity , Hematuria/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Urinary Tract Infections , Nuclear Matrix-Associated Proteins/analysis , Complement Factor H/analysis , Keratins/analysis
12.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 29(1): 14-20, ene. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-92205

ABSTRACT

El tratamiento quirúrgico del cáncer de células renales (CCR) avanzado se ve reforzado por la aplicación de fármacos con capacidad citorreductora. La inmunodependencia del CCR lo hace sensible a terapias como la Interleukina e el Interferón, aunque los resultados son discretos. Nuevas terapias médicas han conseguido mejores resultados. Dentro del grupo de los inhibidores de las multiquinasas, el Sunitinib bloquea los receptores del VEGF, PDGFR, C-Kit, FLT-3 tirosina quinasa que juegan un papel en la carcinogénesis del CCR; y el Sarafenib bloquea VEGFR-2 y PDGFR por inhibición de RAF-1. Por su parte de anticuerpos anti-VEGF, como el Bavicizumab neutralizan la actividad de VEGF-A. Los inhibidores de mTOR, como el Tensirolimus, y el Everolimus, inhiben a la rapamicina-quinasa, responsable de la proliferación y la hipoxia celular. Se presenta un caso de CCR avanzado con buena respuesta al tratamiento médico (AU)


Surgical treatment of renal cell cancer (RCC) is reinforced by the application of drugs with cytoreductive capacity. The CRC inmunomodulation makes it amenable to therapies such as interleukin and interferon, although the results are discrete. New medical therapies have better results. Within the group of the multi-kinase inhibitors, Sunitinib blocks the receptors of VEGF, PDGFR, C-kit and FLT-3 tyrosine kinase that plays a role in carcinogenesis soft RCC, while Sorafenib blocks VEGFR-2 and PDGFR through inhibition RAF—1. Anti-VEGF antibodies such as Bevacizumab neutralize the activity of VEGF-A. MTOR inhibitors, such as Tensirolimus and Everolimus, inhibits rapamycin-kinase responsible for proliferation and cellular hypoxy. A case of advanced RCC with good response to treatment is presented (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/therapy , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Interleukins/therapeutic use , Interferons/therapeutic use , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/immunology
13.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 27(4): 121-126, oct. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-60137

ABSTRACT

Presentamos el caso clínico de una paciente de 26 años de edad con antecedentes de sustitución ureteral izquierda con íleon, por traumatismo abdominal en la infancia que requirió cirugía urgente y posterior cirugía antirreflujo; que consulta a nuestro centro por infecciones del tracto urinario de repetición. Se incluye una revisión de la literatura de la sustitución ureteral con íleon (AU)


We report a clinical case of a 26 years old patient with a left ureteral replacement with ileum in the chidhood due to an abdominal trauma –requiring an urgent surgery- and an anti-reflux surgery; who consults to our center complaining of recurrent urinary tract infections. A literature review of ureteral replacement with ileum is done (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Ureter/surgery , Ureterostomy/methods , Urinary Tract Infections/etiology , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy , Ileum/surgery
14.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 26(2): 64-69, abr. 2007. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-64993

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un caso de hidronefrosis derecha secundaria a endometriosis ureteral unilateral con revisión de la literatura. La endometriosis afecta a las mujeres jóvenes en edad fértil, siendo la vejiga la localización preferente. La afectación ureteral corresponde al 15%, manifestándose como uropatía obstructiva. El diagnóstico se realiza con ecografía, UIV, TAC o RM, pero es la biopsia la forma de obtener un diagnóstico preciso. El tratamiento es quirúrgico. En nuestro caso se realizó ureterectomía segmentaria iliaca con anastomosis ureteral término-terminal, con buena recuperación de la unidad renal. El análisis histopatológico confirmó la presencia de tejido endometrial en la pared ureteral


We present the case of a patient with a right kidney hydronephrosis due to a unilateral ureteric endometriosis, as well as a bibliographic review. Endometriosis presents in fertile-age women, being bladder its main localization. Ureteric implication corresponds to 15% being hydronephrosis its clinical presentation. Diagnosis is made by IVU, CtT-Scan or MRI, but biopsy is the only way of having a precise diagnosis, It demands a surgical approach. An iliac segmentary ureterectomy with a an end to end anastomosis was performed in our patient with a complete recovery of renal function. Pathology confirmed the presence of endometrial tissue in ureteric wall


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Endometriosis/complications , Endometriosis/diagnosis , Hydronephrosis/complications , Hydronephrosis/diagnosis , Anastomosis, Surgical/methods , Urography , Nephrostomy, Percutaneous , Catheter Ablation , Urethral Stricture/complications , Urethral Stricture/diagnosis , Hydronephrosis/surgery , Ureteral Obstruction/complications , Low Back Pain/complications , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods
16.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 22(4): 156-160, dic. 2003. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-29960

ABSTRACT

La endometriosis ureteral es una patología poco frecuente (1 por ciento de la endometriosis). Su forma de presentación es a menudo silente, de manera que el diagnóstico puede resultar complicado: Las técnicas de imagen y la laparoscopia exploradora pueden resultar de utilidad para el diagnóstico. El tratamiento está basado en terapia hormonal y en la resolución de la obstrucción ureteral (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Endometriosis , Endometriosis/surgery , Ureteral Diseases , Ureteral Diseases/surgery
17.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 22(1): 9-17, ene. 2003. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-30504

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente con ureterohidronefrosis izquierda secundaria a fibrosis retroperitoneal, manejado inicialmente con sonda de nefrostomia que posteriormente se cambió por catéter doble J. El tratamiento médico fue con corticoides, que se disminuyeron progresivamente hasta ser suspendidos. A los 10 meses de tratamiento, se comprobó mediante tomografía axial computadorizada (TAC) la resolución de la placa fibrosa retroper itoneal. Ante estos hallazgos, ; el catéter doble J fue retirado endoscópicamente.Se discuten las :causas, el diagnóstico por imagen y los distintos tratamientos médicos y quirúrgicos de esta enfermedad poco frecuente y de etiología incierta (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Retroperitoneal Fibrosis/complications , Hydronephrosis/etiology , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Nephrostomy, Percutaneous , Urography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Tamoxifen/therapeutic use
20.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 19(4): 205-217, oct. 2000. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-12997

ABSTRACT

Revisamos los nuevos conceptos en Hiperplasia Benigna de la próstata de acuerdo con las definiciones del comité internacional de consenso en HBP. Se prefiere la expresión obstrución prostática benigna que implica: ausencia de cáncer de próstata, obstrucción intravesical demostrada por urodinamia y presencia de síntomas del tramo urinario inferior (STUI) evaluados mediante cuestionarios. La estandarización de los STUI y de los parámetros de obstrucción ha permitido evaluar de forma sistemática la respuesta a los distintos tratamientos. El momento de iniciar el tratamiento y la decisión de cuál de ellos realizar varían, debido al carácter fluctuante de la enfermedad. Entre los tratamientos farmacológicos, los alfabloqueantes selectivos han demostrado un perfil satisfactorio de seguridad y eficacia en pacientes moderadamente sintomáticos y sin complicaciones. La Terazosina está avalada por múltiples ensayos clínicos y sin complicaciones. La Terazosina está avalada por múltiples ensayos clínicos y larga experiencia de uso, incluso en pacientes hipertensos (en los que no debe modificarse su tratamiento antihipertensivo y ancianos) (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/pharmacology , Prostatic Hyperplasia/drug therapy , Prostatic Diseases/drug therapy , Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/adverse effects , Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/economics , Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery , Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications , Urologic Surgical Procedures , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/drug therapy , Health Care Costs , Drug Therapy, Combination , Prostatic Diseases/complications , Urethra
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