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1.
Braz J Biol ; 76(1): 144-53, 2016 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26909632

ABSTRACT

In northeastern Brazil, stabilization ponds are very suitable for wastewater treatment because of the relative great land availability and environmental conditions (e.g., high temperature) favorable for microorganism optimal development. However, blooms of potentially toxic cyanobacteria may affect the use of these treatment ponds due to resulting effluent poor quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of phytoplankton communities and the occurrence of cyanobacteria in a maturation pond located immediately after a series of two ponds. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, BOD, N, and P were measured during a period of four months when samples were collected from the surface and the bottom of 7 sampling points distributed inside the pond. The phytoplankton of collected samples was also identified and classified using a conventional optical microscopy. Analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to evaluate the results. The three phytoplankton divisions found (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Euglenophyta) did not change considerably through surface and bottom. However, they changed greatly over the sampled months; great dominance of Cyanophyta was found at April and October, while Chlorophyta dominated the lagoon in September. Low superficial organic loads (between 78 and 109 kg BOD.ha-1.d-1) and N:P ≤ 10 were the determinant factors that favored the predominance of Cyanophyta. The presence of two potentially toxic species of Cyanophyta, Oscillatoria sp. and Microcystis aeruginosa, indicates that caution is required when considering the final destination of treated effluent and suggests a need to assess the risks and benefits associated with the use of the treatment technology.


Subject(s)
Biodiversity , Eutrophication , Phytoplankton/physiology , Ponds , Amniotic Fluid , Brazil , Chlorophyta/physiology , Cyanobacteria/physiology , Euglenida/physiology , Population Dynamics
2.
Braz. j. biol ; Braz. j. biol;76(1): 144-153, Feb. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-774490

ABSTRACT

Abstract In northeastern Brazil, stabilization ponds are very suitable for wastewater treatment because of the relative great land availability and environmental conditions (e.g., high temperature) favorable for microorganism optimal development. However, blooms of potentially toxic cyanobacteria may affect the use of these treatment ponds due to resulting effluent poor quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of phytoplankton communities and the occurrence of cyanobacteria in a maturation pond located immediately after a series of two ponds. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, BOD, N, and P were measured during a period of four months when samples were collected from the surface and the bottom of 7 sampling points distributed inside the pond. The phytoplankton of collected samples was also identified and classified using a conventional optical microscopy. Analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to evaluate the results. The three phytoplankton divisions found (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Euglenophyta) did not change considerably through surface and bottom. However, they changed greatly over the sampled months; great dominance of Cyanophyta was found at April and October, while Chlorophyta dominated the lagoon in September. Low superficial organic loads (between 78 and 109 kg BOD.ha–1.d–1) and N:P ≤ 10 were the determinant factors that favored the predominance of Cyanophyta. The presence of two potentially toxic species of Cyanophyta, Oscillatoria sp. and Microcystis aeruginosa, indicates that caution is required when considering the final destination of treated effluent and suggests a need to assess the risks and benefits associated with the use of the treatment technology.


Resumo No nordeste do Brasil, as lagoas de estabilização são muito adequadas para o tratamento de águas residuárias por causa da disponibilidade relativamente grande de terra e das condições ambientais (por exemplo, altas temperaturas) favoráveis ao melhor desenvolvimento dos microorganismos. Entretanto, florações de cianobactérias potencialmente tóxicas podem afetar o uso dessas lagoas de tratamento, devido à consequente qualidade inferior do efluente. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a dinâmica das comunidades de fitoplâncton e a ocorrência de cianobactérias em uma lagoa de maturação situada após duas lagoas em série. Temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, pH, DBO, N e P foram medidos durante um período de quatro meses, durante o qual amostras foram coletadas na superfície e fundo em sete pontos de amostragem da lagoa. As comunidades de fitoplâncton das amostras coletadas foram também identificadas e classificadas utilizando-se um microscópio óptico convencional. Para avaliar os resultados utilizou-se a análise de variância e o teste de Tukey. Para as três divisões de fitoplâncton encontradas (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta e Euglenophyta), não houve diferença significativa para as amostras de superfície e de fundo de um mesmo mês. Entretanto, ocorreu grande variação para as amostras dos diferentes meses; nos meses de abril e outubro houve uma predominância de Cyanophyta, ao passo que em setembro o predomínio na lagoa foi de Chlorophyta. Os fatores determinantes que favoreceram o predomínio de Cyanophyta foram a baixa carga orgânica superficial aplicada (entre 78 e 109 kg DBO.ha–1.d–1) e N:P ≤ 10. A presença de duas das espécies de Cyanophyta, Oscillatoria sp. e Microcystisaeruginosa, consideradas potencialmente tóxicas, indica que é necessária precaução quando se considera o destino final do efluente tratado e sugere a necessidade de avaliar os riscos e benefícios associados ao uso da tecnologia de tratamento.


Subject(s)
Biodiversity , Eutrophication , Ponds , Phytoplankton/physiology , Amniotic Fluid , Brazil , Chlorophyta/physiology , Cyanobacteria/physiology , Euglenida/physiology , Population Dynamics
3.
Braz. j. biol ; 76(1): 144-153, Feb. 2016. graf, tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-25440

ABSTRACT

Abstract In northeastern Brazil, stabilization ponds are very suitable for wastewater treatment because of the relative great land availability and environmental conditions (e.g., high temperature) favorable for microorganism optimal development. However, blooms of potentially toxic cyanobacteria may affect the use of these treatment ponds due to resulting effluent poor quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of phytoplankton communities and the occurrence of cyanobacteria in a maturation pond located immediately after a series of two ponds. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, BOD, N, and P were measured during a period of four months when samples were collected from the surface and the bottom of 7 sampling points distributed inside the pond. The phytoplankton of collected samples was also identified and classified using a conventional optical microscopy. Analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to evaluate the results. The three phytoplankton divisions found (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Euglenophyta) did not change considerably through surface and bottom. However, they changed greatly over the sampled months; great dominance of Cyanophyta was found at April and October, while Chlorophyta dominated the lagoon in September. Low superficial organic loads (between 78 and 109 kg BOD.ha1.d1) and N:P 10 were the determinant factors that favored the predominance of Cyanophyta. The presence of two potentially toxic species of Cyanophyta, Oscillatoria sp. and Microcystis aeruginosa, indicates that caution is required when considering the final destination of treated effluent and suggests a need to assess the risks and benefits associated with the use of the treatment technology.(AU)


Resumo No nordeste do Brasil, as lagoas de estabilização são muito adequadas para o tratamento de águas residuárias por causa da disponibilidade relativamente grande de terra e das condições ambientais (por exemplo, altas temperaturas) favoráveis ao melhor desenvolvimento dos microorganismos. Entretanto, florações de cianobactérias potencialmente tóxicas podem afetar o uso dessas lagoas de tratamento, devido à consequente qualidade inferior do efluente. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a dinâmica das comunidades de fitoplâncton e a ocorrência de cianobactérias em uma lagoa de maturação situada após duas lagoas em série. Temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, pH, DBO, N e P foram medidos durante um período de quatro meses, durante o qual amostras foram coletadas na superfície e fundo em sete pontos de amostragem da lagoa. As comunidades de fitoplâncton das amostras coletadas foram também identificadas e classificadas utilizando-se um microscópio óptico convencional. Para avaliar os resultados utilizou-se a análise de variância e o teste de Tukey. Para as três divisões de fitoplâncton encontradas (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta e Euglenophyta), não houve diferença significativa para as amostras de superfície e de fundo de um mesmo mês. Entretanto, ocorreu grande variação para as amostras dos diferentes meses; nos meses de abril e outubro houve uma predominância de Cyanophyta, ao passo que em setembro o predomínio na lagoa foi de Chlorophyta. Os fatores determinantes que favoreceram o predomínio de Cyanophyta foram a baixa carga orgânica superficial aplicada (entre 78 e 109 kg DBO.ha1.d1) e N:P 10. A presença de duas das espécies de Cyanophyta, Oscillatoria sp. e Microcystisaeruginosa, consideradas potencialmente tóxicas, indica que é necessária precaução quando se considera o destino final do efluente tratado e sugere a necessidade de avaliar os riscos e benefícios associados ao uso da tecnologia de tratamento.(AU)


Subject(s)
Phytoplankton/classification , Ecology , Time Series Studies , Coastal Lagoon
4.
Braz. J. Biol. ; 76(1)2016.
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-744743

ABSTRACT

Abstract In northeastern Brazil, stabilization ponds are very suitable for wastewater treatment because of the relative great land availability and environmental conditions (e.g., high temperature) favorable for microorganism optimal development. However, blooms of potentially toxic cyanobacteria may affect the use of these treatment ponds due to resulting effluent poor quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of phytoplankton communities and the occurrence of cyanobacteria in a maturation pond located immediately after a series of two ponds. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, BOD, N, and P were measured during a period of four months when samples were collected from the surface and the bottom of 7 sampling points distributed inside the pond. The phytoplankton of collected samples was also identified and classified using a conventional optical microscopy. Analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to evaluate the results. The three phytoplankton divisions found (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Euglenophyta) did not change considerably through surface and bottom. However, they changed greatly over the sampled months; great dominance of Cyanophyta was found at April and October, while Chlorophyta dominated the lagoon in September. Low superficial organic loads (between 78 and 109 kg BOD.ha1.d1) and N:P 10 were the determinant factors that favored the predominance of Cyanophyta. The presence of two potentially toxic species of Cyanophyta, Oscillatoria sp. and Microcystis aeruginosa, indicates that caution is required when considering the final destination of treated effluent and suggests a need to assess the risks and benefits associated with the use of the treatment technology.


Resumo No nordeste do Brasil, as lagoas de estabilização são muito adequadas para o tratamento de águas residuárias por causa da disponibilidade relativamente grande de terra e das condições ambientais (por exemplo, altas temperaturas) favoráveis ao melhor desenvolvimento dos microorganismos. Entretanto, florações de cianobactérias potencialmente tóxicas podem afetar o uso dessas lagoas de tratamento, devido à consequente qualidade inferior do efluente. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a dinâmica das comunidades de fitoplâncton e a ocorrência de cianobactérias em uma lagoa de maturação situada após duas lagoas em série. Temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, pH, DBO, N e P foram medidos durante um período de quatro meses, durante o qual amostras foram coletadas na superfície e fundo em sete pontos de amostragem da lagoa. As comunidades de fitoplâncton das amostras coletadas foram também identificadas e classificadas utilizando-se um microscópio óptico convencional. Para avaliar os resultados utilizou-se a análise de variância e o teste de Tukey. Para as três divisões de fitoplâncton encontradas (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta e Euglenophyta), não houve diferença significativa para as amostras de superfície e de fundo de um mesmo mês. Entretanto, ocorreu grande variação para as amostras dos diferentes meses; nos meses de abril e outubro houve uma predominância de Cyanophyta, ao passo que em setembro o predomínio na lagoa foi de Chlorophyta. Os fatores determinantes que favoreceram o predomínio de Cyanophyta foram a baixa carga orgânica superficial aplicada (entre 78 e 109 kg DBO.ha1.d1) e N:P 10. A presença de duas das espécies de Cyanophyta, Oscillatoria sp. e Microcystisaeruginosa, consideradas potencialmente tóxicas, indica que é necessária precaução quando se considera o destino final do efluente tratado e sugere a necessidade de avaliar os riscos e benefícios associados ao uso da tecnologia de tratamento.

5.
Bioresour Technol ; 163: 364-9, 2014 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24813565

ABSTRACT

An upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB)-submerged aerated biofilter (SAB) system was evaluated to remove color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from real textile effluent. The system was operated for 335 days in three phases (P-1, P-2, P-3) with total hydraulic retention time varying from 21 h to 14 h. The results showed that high sulfate levels (>300 mg SO4(2-)/L) impaired the dye reduction. The best color removal efficiencies of 30% and 96% for the UASB and the reactor system, respectively, were obtained in P-1; the SAB higher efficiency was associated with adsorption. The best COD removal efficiency of 71% for the reactor system was obtained in P-2. Precipitation of some material composed mostly of sulfur (98%) and some metals occurred in the UASB. However, the precipitated sulfur was again oxidized in the SAB. The system also showed an effective toxicity reduction in tests (Daphnia magna) with the treated effluent.


Subject(s)
Color , Organic Chemicals/isolation & purification , Sulfates/isolation & purification , Textile Industry , Wastewater , Aerobiosis , Anaerobiosis , Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis , Bioreactors , Fatty Acids, Volatile/chemical synthesis , Filtration/methods , Sewage
6.
Water Sci Technol ; 64(8): 1581-9, 2011.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22335099

ABSTRACT

An upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB)-submerged aerated biofilter (SAB) system that treats effluents from a jeans factory was evaluated. The 210-day operational period was divided into three phases (PI, PII and PIII), each with a different hydraulic retention time (HRT in h) and organic loading rate (OLR in kg COD/m3.d). In PI, the best performance was achieved using the UASB (HRT 24, OLR 1.3) with COD and color removal efficiencies of 59 and 64%, respectively; the corresponding values were 77 and 86% for the final effluent. In PII, the efficiencies were 50 and 55% using the UASB (HRT 16, OLR 1.2), respectively, and 69 and 81% for the final system effluent, respectively. In PIII, the UASB (HRT 12 and ORL 3.2) showed the poorest performance; the efficiencies decreased to 48 and 50%, respectively. The same phenomenon occurred in the system with corresponding efficiencies decreasing to 69 and 61%. Throughout the experiment, the system removal efficiencies were between 57 and 88% for nitrogen and between 14 and 63% for sulfate. The final effluent showed relatively non-toxicity or moderate toxicity using Daphnia magna as an indicator. Therefore, the overall results showed that the use of a sequential anaerobic-aerobic system is promising for treatment of textile industrial wastewater.


Subject(s)
Bioreactors , Filtration/methods , Industrial Waste/analysis , Textile Industry , Waste Disposal, Fluid/methods , Coloring Agents/chemistry , Fatty Acids, Volatile/chemistry , Filtration/instrumentation , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Nitrogen/chemistry , Oxygen , Sulfur , Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry
7.
Dermatol. argent ; 7(1): 36-40, ene.-mar 2001. ilus
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-10105

ABSTRACT

El aspecto de desórdenes linfoproliferativos cutáneos primitivos CD 30 (ki-1) positivos está constituido por la papulosis linfomatoide, el linfoma de células grandes anaplásico y los linfomas inmunoblásticos y pleomórfico de células medianas y grandes. Durante el período enero de 1995 a septiembre de 1998, nuestro Servicio evaluó 7 casos, representados por 3 casos de papulosis linfomatoide (una de las cuales luego de remitir evolucionó a un linfoma de alto grado), 4 casos de linfomas de células grandes anaplásicas, uno de ellos se desarrolló sobre una micosis fungoidea previa. Los estudios de inmunohistoquímica confirmaron CD 30 (+) en todos los casos, 6 presentaron inmunofenotipo T CD 4(+) y 1 tipo null cel. Se observaron remisiones espontáneas parciales en varios casos y recidivas en la zona con aspecto clínico, similar a la lesión previa. Fueron sensibles a la radioterapia y no recidivaron luego de cirugía. Nuestra casuística confirma el buen pronóstico que la CD 30 positividad otorga a estos linfomas cutáneos, a diferencia de la localización cutánea secundaria de un linfoma de origen nodal que tiene mal prónostico (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/therapy , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/classification , Prognosis , Ki-1 Antigen/diagnosis , Particle Accelerators , Lymphoproliferative Disorders/diagnosis , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/diagnosis , Lymphomatoid Papulosis/diagnosis , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Immunoblastic/diagnosis , /diagnosis
8.
Dermatol. argent ; 7(1): 36-40, ene.-mar 2001. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-288700

ABSTRACT

El aspecto de desórdenes linfoproliferativos cutáneos primitivos CD 30 (ki-1) positivos está constituido por la papulosis linfomatoide, el linfoma de células grandes anaplásico y los linfomas inmunoblásticos y pleomórfico de células medianas y grandes. Durante el período enero de 1995 a septiembre de 1998, nuestro Servicio evaluó 7 casos, representados por 3 casos de papulosis linfomatoide (una de las cuales luego de remitir evolucionó a un linfoma de alto grado), 4 casos de linfomas de células grandes anaplásicas, uno de ellos se desarrolló sobre una micosis fungoidea previa. Los estudios de inmunohistoquímica confirmaron CD 30 (+) en todos los casos, 6 presentaron inmunofenotipo T CD 4(+) y 1 tipo null cel. Se observaron remisiones espontáneas parciales en varios casos y recidivas en la zona con aspecto clínico, similar a la lesión previa. Fueron sensibles a la radioterapia y no recidivaron luego de cirugía. Nuestra casuística confirma el buen pronóstico que la CD 30 positividad otorga a estos linfomas cutáneos, a diferencia de la localización cutánea secundaria de un linfoma de origen nodal que tiene mal prónostico


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/diagnosis , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Immunoblastic/diagnosis , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/diagnosis , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/classification , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/therapy , Lymphomatoid Papulosis/diagnosis , Lymphoproliferative Disorders/diagnosis , Particle Accelerators , Prognosis
9.
Dermatol. argent ; 6(1): 23-6, ene.-mar. 2000. ilus
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-12414

ABSTRACT

El melanoma polipoide, variante exofítica del melanoma, es una forma agresiva y poco frecuente de presentación. Se comunica un caso en el dorso de una paciente de 76 años, sexo masculino, y se realiza una revisión bibliográfica de los factores pronósticos del melanoma (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Melanoma/diagnosis , Prognosis , Melanoma/pathology , Polyps/complications
10.
Dermatol. argent ; 6(1): 23-6, ene.-mar. 2000. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-263927

ABSTRACT

El melanoma polipoide, variante exofítica del melanoma, es una forma agresiva y poco frecuente de presentación. Se comunica un caso en el dorso de una paciente de 76 años, sexo masculino, y se realiza una revisión bibliográfica de los factores pronósticos del melanoma


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Melanoma/diagnosis , Melanoma/pathology , Polyps/complications , Prognosis
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