ABSTRACT
The 22nd annual Cancer Research Institute (CRI) International Immunotherapy Symposium was held from October 5-8, 2014, in New York City. Titled "Cancer Immunotherapy: Out of the Gate," the symposium began with a Cancer Immunotherapy Consortium satellite meeting focused on issues in immunotherapy drug development, followed by five speaker sessions and a poster session devoted to basic and clinical cancer immunology research. The second annual William B. Coley lecture was delivered by Lieping Chen, one of the four recipients of the 2014 William B. Coley Award for Distinguished Research in Tumor Immunology; the other three recipients were Gordon Freeman, Tasuku Honjo, and Arlene Sharpe. Prominent themes of the conference were the use of genomic technologies to identify neoantigens and the emergence of new immune modulatory molecules, beyond CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1, as new therapeutic targets for immunotherapy.
Subject(s)
Immunotherapy , Neoplasms/therapy , Animals , Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology , Drug Approval , Humans , Neoplasms/immunologyABSTRACT
The 21st annual Cancer Research Institute (CRI) cancer immunotherapy symposium, entitled "Dynamics of Host-Tumor Interaction," was held in New York City from September 30 through October 2, 2013. The symposium comprised 27 presentations, organized into five sessions and exploring such topics as the role of chronic inflammation in creating a protumorigenic microenvironment, the interactions between the cancer stroma and immune cells in trafficking and cancer metastasis, the role of the host microbiota in immune responses to cancer, and the interactions between cancer cells and immunoregulatory elements, including regulatory T cells and T-cell checkpoint proteins. The conference began with a keynote address by Michael Karin, recipient of the 2013 Coley Award, who discussed the role of inflammation as a Janus-faced process in the body's fight against cancer-both tumor destroying and tumor promoting. The conference concluded with a session on therapeutics and translational research aimed at improving existing cancer immunotherapies.
Subject(s)
Neoplasms/immunology , Humans , Immunity, Innate , Immunotherapy/methods , Inflammation/complications , Inflammation/immunology , Neoplasms/etiology , Neoplasms/therapy , T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology , Tumor Microenvironment/immunologyABSTRACT
This report presents an overview for pathologists of the development and potential applications of a novel Web enabled system allowing indexing and retrieval of pathology specimens across multiple institutions. The system was developed through the National Cancer Institute's Shared Pathology Informatics Network program with the goal of creating a prototype system to find existing pathology specimens derived from routine surgical and autopsy procedures ("paraffin blocks") that may be relevant to cancer research. To reach this goal, a number of challenges needed to be met. A central aspect was the development of an informatics system that supported Web-based searching while retaining local control of data. Additional aspects included the development of an eXtensible Markup Language schema, representation of tissue specimen annotation, methods for deidentifying pathology reports, tools for autocoding critical data from these reports using the Unified Medical Language System, and hierarchies of confidentiality and consent that met or exceeded federal requirements. The prototype system supported Web-based querying of millions of pathology reports from 6 participating institutions across the country in a matter of seconds to minutes and the ability of bona fide researchers to identify and potentially to request specific paraffin blocks from the participating institutions. With the addition of associated clinical and outcome information, this system could vastly expand the pool of annotated tissues available for cancer research as well as other diseases.
