Preliminary assessment of the subjective effects of electronic-cigarettes in young-adult low-dose electronic-cigarette users: Effects of nicotine dose and e-liquid flavor.

OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated the effects of nicotine concentration (0-10 mg/ml) and flavor (gummy bear vs unflavored) on the subjective experiences of vaporized nicotine in young adult low-dose nicotine (3 mg/ml) ECIG users. PARTICIPANTS: Eight young adult ECIG users were recruited. METHODS: A single blinded crossover study was used. Participants were instructed to take ten 1.5 second puffs, each separated by 20 seconds. After self-administration, heart rate was recorded, and participants completed the Drug Effects, Direct Effects of Nicotine, and Direct Effects of ECIG questionnaires. RESULTS: ECIG user's standard daily nicotine dose influenced the rewarding and aversive effects of nicotine as the 10 mg/ml dose was found to be aversive in this user group. The combination of flavor and nicotine increased the subjective effects of ECIGs. CONCLUSIONS: Flavored e-liquids contribute to the reinforcing properties of nicotine by enhancing the subjective effects, which may lead to continued ECIG use.

Correction to: Oxford House Residents' Attitudes Toward Medication Assisted Treatment Use in Fellow Residents.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in the author group, where co-authors Isabel Dovale, Noah Gelfman and Sarah Callahan were missed to include and Brandon Isler should be removed from the author group.

Oxford House Residents' Attitudes Toward Medication Assisted Treatment Use in Fellow Residents.

Methadone and buprenorphine/naloxone are medication assisted treatment (MAT) options for treating opioid use disorder, yet attitudes regarding their use within abstinence-based recovery homes have not been assessed. The present investigation examined attitudes regarding MAT utilization among residents living in Oxford Houses. This cross-sectional investigation compared residents (n = 87) receiving MAT whose recent drug use involved opioids, and two groups not receiving MATs; those who had used opioids and those who had used substances other than opioids. The vast majority of residents were not receiving MAT, yet 32% reported MAT histories. Negative attitudes regarding MAT were observed among residents who were not receiving MAT. Those presently receiving MAT reported mixed attitudes regarding the use of methadone and buprenorphine/naloxone, and two of these residents reported they had never been prescribed MAT. Findings suggest that abstinence-based recovery homes such as Oxford Houses may not be optimal resources for persons receiving MATs.

Relationship Themes Present between Parents and Children in Recovery Homes.

Approximately 12.5% of children have a parent with a substance use disorder. These children are likely to experience developmental delays, especially if they are placed into foster care. Oxford House recovery homes provide a useful setting that allows children to live with their parents after treatment for substance use. A sample of parents and their children who lived in Oxford Houses were interviewed, using mixed methods, and the outcomes suggest that Oxford Houses may provide a stable and supportive setting for parents and their children.