ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: An aqueous antiseptic containing "chlorhexidine digluconate/benzalkonium chloride/benzyl alcohol" (CBB) is widely used in France. The only previous documented study dealing with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to this antiseptic is one small case series in children. The French Vigilance Network for Dermatology and Allergy (REVIDAL-GERDA) has collected many cases in the last few years. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical and sensitization profiles of patients diagnosed with ACD to CBB. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of patients with contact dermatitis to CBB and positive tests to CBB and/or at least one of its components. All patients had to be tested with all components of CBB. RESULTS: A total of 102 patients (71 adults and 31 children) were included. The lesions were extensive in 63% of patients and 55% had delayed time to diagnosis. CBB patch tests were positive in 93.8% of cases. The allergen was identified in 97% of patients, mainly benzyl alcohol in adults (81.7%) and chlorhexidine digluconate in children (54.8%). About 32.4% of the patients were sensitized to several components. CONCLUSION: CBB is a cause of ACD at all ages. The components of the antiseptic should be tested. The sensitization profile seems to be different between adults and children.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents, Local , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact , Adult , Allergens , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/adverse effects , Benzalkonium Compounds , Benzyl Alcohols , Child , Chlorhexidine/adverse effects , Chlorhexidine/analogs & derivatives , Chlorides , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology , Humans , Patch Tests/adverse effects , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Persistent itching nodules related to aluminium-adsorbed vaccines are well known in children with frequent positive patch tests to aluminium when tested. We report two cases of children with persistent postvaccination nodules who presented with atypical eruptions after aluminium patch tests.
