ABSTRACT
We report hypokalaemic quadriparesis presenting in a 43-year-old woman. Evaluation revealed hypokalaemic quadriparesis secondary to underlying distal renal tubular acidosis, also known as type 1 RTA. Four years after the diagnosis of RTA, the patient developed joint pain, and investigation revealed systemic lupus erythematosus with lupus nephritis. RTA is one of the very rare presentations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Thus, tubular dysfunction should be carefully assessed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Similarly, patients with RTA should be evaluated for underlying lupus. Our patient was successfully treated with mycophenolate mofetil and steroids.
Subject(s)
Acidosis, Renal Tubular/complications , Hypokalemia/complications , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Paralysis/complications , Acidosis, Renal Tubular/pathology , Acute Disease , Adult , Blood Sedimentation , Female , Humans , Hypokalemia/pathology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology , Muscles/pathology , Mycophenolic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Mycophenolic Acid/pharmacology , Paralysis/pathology , Proteinuria/complications , Steroids/pharmacology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Nineteen women receiving their first cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer were randomized between two antiemetic drugs: methylprednisolone (MPN) 125mg and metoclopramide (MCP) 20mg, both given by intravenous push as a single dose. The chemotherapy included: cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CMF). The total response rates for MPN and MCP were: complete protection 11% versus 0% and partial protection 63% versus 11% of the patients, respectively (P = 0.007). Eighteen patients (95%) preferred MPN over MCP. Common side effects with both drugs were: drowsiness, headache and diarrhea. MPN is recommended as an antiemetic in patients receiving CMF adjuvant chemotherapy.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Metoclopramide/therapeutic use , Vomiting/prevention & control , Adult , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Cyclophosphamide/adverse effects , Female , Fluorouracil/adverse effects , Humans , Methotrexate/adverse effects , Middle Aged , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Vomiting/chemically inducedABSTRACT
Seventy-six consecutive patients receiving chemotherapy were evaluated for the antiemetic efficacy and side-effects of the combination of chlorpromazine (CPM) and methylprednisolone (MPN). All patients had previously received the same chemotherapy with metoclopramide in conventional dosage and experienced severe emesis. A significant antiemetic response was achieved in 70% of the patients, and in 28% of them the antiemetic protection was complete. The most common side effects were drowsiness, dry mouth and headache. The combination of CPM and MPN is effective, well tolerated and is recommended for outpatients receiving chemotherapy for cancer.
Subject(s)
Chlorpromazine/therapeutic use , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Nausea/drug therapy , Vomiting/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nausea/chemically induced , Prospective Studies , Vomiting/chemically inducedABSTRACT
We studied the glucose dependence of insulin and somatostatin release from rat pancreata, which were perfused in vitro in the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX; 0.5 mM). Half-maximal insulin release occurred at approx. 12 mM glucose, and half-maximal somatostatin release at approx. 7 mM glucose.
