[The health of children of adolescent age delivered on time with light and large body mass].

The need to preserve and promote health of children determine one of the basic directions of development of public social policy. It is the most important strategic purpose of modern children health care, since from it depend health of the nation, increasing of life expectancy and national economic potential.Purpose of the study is to assess health status of children of adolescent age born at term with diagnosis "fetus with low birth weight for gestational age" and with large body mass. The bibliographic, information-analytical and comparative analysis methodology were applied.

[The analytical review of normative and organizational support of functioning of perinatal service in The Russian Federation in 2000-2020].

The formation of code of normative legal documents ensuring activities of perinatal service is one of the most important, basic organizational technologies that determine activities of obstetrics and childhood services, contributing to increasing of natality, decreasing of maternal and infant morbidity, and maternal and childhood health care in general. The article presents analysis of formation of normative legal base that regulates functioning of perinatal service in the Russian Federation in 2000-2020. Actually, there is no objective prerequisites for fundamental alterations in the three-level system of medical care of women during pregnancy, labor, postpartum period and newborns. However, the regulatory adjustment of the system, improvement and refinement of models of profile patients' routing, development of medical care of pregnant women, parturient women and puerpera will proceed.

[Cartographical analysis of the status of indicators of total morbidity and mortality of population in subjects of the Russian Federation for 10 years].

Over the years, at the level of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, various indicators and criteria for assessing the effectiveness of regional health care have been used. Providing well-grounded scientific and methodological recommendations on the use of instruments for measuring the ratio of indicators of general morbidity and total mortality at the federal level to health authorities helps in their motivation to achieve the target (expected) results expressed in terms of public health. An analysis of the correlation of indicators of general morbidity and mortality makes it possible to timely find resources in those areas that contribute to achieving the maximum efficiency of medical organizations. The article presents indicators of the general morbidity and general mortality of the population in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as the values ​​of the ratios of these indicators for the period 2008-2017. Correlation and cartographic analyzes of indicators of general morbidity and general mortality were carried out.

[The analysis of dynamics and structure of mortality of female and male population of reproductive age in the Republic of Chuvashia].

Reducing mortality of working-age population is a potential reserve for preserving Russia's population and its labor force. In addition, the task of analyzing health of economically active citizens of our country is inextricably linked with the challenge of developing strategy of development of reproductive potential at the regional level. As reproductive or generative woman's age is defined precisely enough, and such unambiguous definition for men is lacking, the study used mortality rates, calculated for men and women of working age (16 - 59 years and 16 - 54 years respectively) and officially published by the Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) as characteristics of reproductive health. The analysis of mortality rate for working age men and women in the Republic of Chuvashia as well as the structure of main causes of death are presented for 2002-2016 in comparison with average indicators for the Russian Federation. The mortality rate of the mentioned population category in Republic of Chuvashia since 2002 has decreased by 17.5% in all age groups except women aged 30-39 years. At this, the rate of mortality decreased in men during the analyzed period is higher than in women i.e. 20.5% and 19.3% respectively. As compared with 2002, the percentage of circulatory system diseases, neoplasms, digestive system diseases increased with a simultaneous decrease in the proportion of "external" causes in mortality structure of able-bodied population of the Republic of Chuvashia in 2016. Throughout the analyzed period relative mortality rates of able-bodied men are four times and higher than those of women. The analysis of dynamics characteristics in mortality level and structure among working age women and men as well as risk factors that contribute to its growth, can become the basis for developing an organizational improvement program of rendering medical care to economically active population as a component of regional strategy of increasing the level of reproductive potential.

Devices for noninvasive transcranial electrostimulation of the brain endorphinergic system: application for improvement of human psycho-physiological status.

It is well known that deficit of endorphins plays an important role in disturbances of human psycho-physiological status. Previously, we revealed that brain endorphinergic structures have quasiresonance characteristics. On the basis of these data, a method of activation of the brain endorphinergic structures by means of noninvasive and rather selective transcranial electrostimulation (TES) as a kind of functional electrical stimulation (FES) was elaborated. New models of TES devices (TRANSAIR) were developed for indoor and outdoor usage. To increase the efficacy of TES, the frequency modulation according to normal distribution in the limits of the quasiresonance characteristics was put into operation. The blind and placebo-controlled (passive and active placebo) study was produced to estimate the TES effects on stress events and accompanied psycho-physiological and autonomic disturbances of different intensities on volunteers and patients in the following groups: everyday stress and fatigue; stress in regular military service and in field conditions; stress in the relatives of those lost in mass disaster; posttraumatic stress (thermal burns); and affective disorders in a postabstinence period. Some subjective verbal and nonverbal tests and objective tests (including heart rate variability) were used for estimation of the initial level of psycho-physiological status, which changes after TES sessions. It was demonstrated that fatigue, stress, and other accompanied psycho-physiological disturbances were significantly improved or abolished after 2-5 TES sessions. The TES effects were more pronounced in cases of heavier disturbances. In conclusion, activation of the brain endorphinergic structures by TES is an effective homeostatic method of FES that sufficiently improves quality of life.

[Noninvasive transcranial electrostimulation of endorphin structures of the brain as a reparation activator: experimental and clinical parallels]. / Neinvazivnaia transkranial'naia élektrostimuliatsiia éndorfinnykh struktur mozga kak aktivator reparatsii: éksperimental'no-klinicheskie paralleli.

The authors evaluated the capacities of transcranial electrostimulation and the specific features of its impact on reparative regeneration of damaged tissues of different types, such as the dermal and gastroduodenal epithelium, hepatic cells, connective tissue, peripheral nerve fibers, on animal experimental pathological models and compared with the results of treatment of respective pathology in patients.

[Recovery process after the diphtheric polyneuropathy according to interference electromyography]. / Vosstanovitel'nyi protsess pri difteriinoi polinevropatii po dannym interferentsionnoi élektromyogrammy.

In order to control the recovery process after diphtheric polyneuropathy the dynamics of activity of m.flexor carpi radialis with increasing force was repetitively investigated in 12 patients using surface electromyography (EMG). In patients examined 12.4 +/- 2.9 months after the onset of diphtheria neurogenic type of EMG (decreased amplitude and number of turns along with increasing force) was established. 11-14 months later clinical improvement followed by positive changes of EMG parameters was documented.

[The activity of the motor units of the feline esophagus under cooling]. / Aktivnost' dvigatel'nykh edinits pishchevoda koshki v usloviiakh okhlazhdeniia.

The background activity of the oesophagus motor units (MUs) was found to depend on respiration and to be facilitated in cooling. The MUs patterns of discharges involved a phasic activity and a tonic one. The firing rate of the MUs increased during expiration. A negative correlation was found between the phasic MUs firing rate and the skin temperature.

[The thermoregulating function of the motor units in the muscles of the pelvic floor of the cat]. / Termoreguliatsionnaia funktsiia dvigatel'nykh edinits myshts tazovogo dna koshki.

An interaction between supraspinal respiratory input and the thermoafferent one in the pelvic floor muscles' motor units depended on the body temperature. The data obtained suggest that the thermoregulatory activity in the pelvic floor muscles affect the so called expulsive acts (defecation etc.) followed by the muscle relaxation.

[The characteristics of the impulse activity of the motor units of the muscles in the pelvic floor in the cat]. / Kharakteristika impul'snoi aktivnosti dvigatel'nykh edinits myshts tazovogo dna koshki.

The investigation have been designed to elucidate the background and thermoregulatory activity (TA) of the motor units (MUs) of pelvic floor muscles (m. spincter ani externus, m. levator ani) and hind limb muscle (m. sartorius) in cats under anesthesia. The MUs of m. sphincter ani externus presented two patterns of background activity--the stationary and the rythmical ones. M. levator ani and m. sartorius presented no activity at room conditions (+22 degrees C). General cooling evoked TA in all the investigated muscles. The discharge frequencies of pelvic floor MUs (4-8 imp/s) during TA were shown to overlap with those of hind limb, muscles (5-9 imp/s). The correlation of MUs bioelectrical characteristics with histochemical and contractile properties of m. sphincter ani externus as fast-twitch muscle is discussed. The possible mechanisms responseble for MUs control in skeletal muscles with different specialization in modulated thermoreceptory afferent input are proposed.

[The microfloral wound dynamics of the victims in the railroad disaster in Bashkiria]. / Dinamika mikroflory ran postradavshikh pri katastrofe na zheleznoi doroge v Bashkirii.

The work deals with the microbial composition of burn wounds in the victims of the railroad catastrophe in Bashkiria during their stay in a hospital. The comparison of the microbial spectrum in the wounds of the burn victims of the catastrophe with the results of the monitoring of the causative agents of burn infections in patients treated at the department of thermal lesions over a period of 3 years is presented. The medicinal sensitivity of wound microflora at all stages of the hospital treatment of the patients was studied and compared with the medicinal sensitivity of microorganisms isolated from the wounds of burn patients in 1988.