[The use of enzymes for searching for biologically active compounds]. / Ispol'zovanie fermentov dlia poiska biologicheski aktivnykh soedinenii.

Possible use of extracellular staphylococcal DNAase in screening substances with potential antibacterial activity was studied on quinoxalin as an example. For screening substances with antiviral activity the possible use of the influenza virus neuraminidase was studied on fluoren as an example. Close correlation between the biological activity of quinoxalin derivatives and the ability to inhibit DNAase was revealed. The most active inhibitors of the enzyme were dioxidin and other biologically active analogs of quinoxalin 1,4-di-N-oxide. The use of the extracellular nuclease as a biochemical model permitted to establish the structure/function dependence with respect to the quinoxalin derivatives. The effect of the fluoren derivatives on activity of the influenza virus neuramididase was studied. It was shown that florenal, an antiviral drug inhibited the virus specific enzyme by 80 to 90 per cent and had no effect on catalytic activity of bacterial neuraminidase. Biologically inactive and slightly active derivatives of the compounds did not inhibit the influenza virus enzyme. At the same time some of them lowered the activity of the bacterial enzyme.

[Problems of the molecular mechanism of the effects of synthetic antiviral drugs]. / Voprosy molekuliarnogo mekhanizma deistviia sinteticheskikh protivovirusnykh preparatov.

Results of experimental study on the effect of bonafton, tebrofen, florenal and riodoxol on synthesis of virus specific proteins and RNA are presented. Selective inhibition of RNA-transcripts and respective proteins under the effect of bonafton was revealed. Florenal had a selective inhibitory effect on synthesis of virus specific proteins. Riodoxol did not inhibit synthesis of viral RNA and proteins of the influenza virus.

[Synthesis of virus-specific and cellular proteins in the presence of bonafton]. / Sintez virusspetsificheskikh i kletochnykh belkov v prisutstvii bonaftona.

Inhibition of the synthesis of virus-specific proteins of influenza A/WSN/33 virus in the cells of chick embryo fibroblasts and in continuous cells of dog embryonal kidney was discovered as was a negligible inhibition of the synthesis of cell proteins in the presence of an original synthetic antivirus drug bonaphthon. Experiments were made to attain selective inhibition of individual virus-specific proteins of influenza virus in these cultures. In model experiments in vitro in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system, bonaphthon was demonstrated to inhibit translation of RNA-virus of encephalomyocarditis on the virus template without affecting translation on the cell template of hemoglobin mRNA.

[Characteristics of the protein complexes of clinical strains of mycobacteria]. / Kharakteristika belkovykh kompleksov klinicheskikh shtammov mikobakterii.

The protein composition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the molecular weight of proteins contained in these organisms have been determined by the method of electrophoresis in the porosity gradient of polyacrylamide gel. Close similarity between the electrophoregrams of M. tuberculosis clinical and laboratory strains has been revealed. The study of 18 strains of different groups of mycobacteria has shown that M. tuberculosis are essentially different from opportunistic mycobacteria and acid-resistant saprophytes. These data may be important for the identification and taxonomy of mycobacteria.

[Influenza virus replication in the presence of bonafton and other inhibitors of macromolecular synthesis]. / Repliktsiia virusa grippa v prisutstvii bonaftona i drugikh ingibitorov sinteza makromolekul.

Formation of virus-specific RNAs in the presence of bonafton, actinomycin D, and cycloheximide was studied. The degree of bonafton inhibition of the synthesis of the genome and complementary RNAs in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the infected cells varied. The effect of bonafton on replication and transcription of influenza virus differs from that of actinomycin and cycloheximide. Bonafton appears to disturb the regulation of these processes, specifically inhibiting the synthesis of individual fragments of viral RNA.

[Effect of dioxidine on DNA and RNA synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus]. / Vliianie dioksidina na sintez DNK i RNK u zolotistogo stafilokokka.

The effect of dioxidin on DNA and RNA synthesis by Staphylococcus aureus was studied with the use of labeled precursors and evaluated from the kinetics of DNA and RNA accumulation by the culture. It was shown that dioxidin inhibits DNA synthesis by Staphylococcus aureus cells, with the synthesis of RNA being almost not affected. The main effect manifests within the first hour of the drug interplay with the microbial cell, it is reversible and appears to be realized by the mechanisms of DNA synthesis regulation. Dioxidin does not form complexes or cross-linkages with the DNA molecule. The action of dioxidin on the microbial cell manifests in the derangement of the activity and biosynthesis of extracellular DNase.

[Reproduction of leukovirus RD-114 in diploid and heteroploid human cells]. / Reproduktsiia leikovirusa RD-114 v diploidnykh i geteroploidnykh kletkakh cheloveka

The capacity of leukovirus RD-114 to replicate in human embryo lung diploid cell cultures and continuous human angiosarcoma cell cultures (AS and 709 lines). Differences in the capacity to support the virus reproduction were observed in the two strains of human embryo lung cells (HEL-1 and HEL-3) and the two continuous angiosarcoma cell lines. No virus reporduction was observed in mouse and rat cell cultures. No cytopathic or transformation changes were caused by the virus in any of the systems examined.