Evaluation of the Topical Effect of Probiotic Mouthwash in the Treatment of Patients with Peri-Implant Mucositis.

Peri-implant mucositis is a reversible inflammatory process of the soft tissue surrounding a dental implant. If left untreated, peri-implant mucositis can evolve into peri-implantitis, which leads to the loss of the supporting bone around the implant. The treatment of peri-implantitis is of special importance, since peri-implantitis can be very expensive and troublesome for both the patient and the dentist and a lack of complete resolution can lead to a low probability of implant success. This study aims to evaluate the effects of probiotic tablets on the condition of patients with peri-implant mucositis after scaling. In this double-blind randomized intervention trial, packages containing 14 probiotic capsules or a single-dose placebo were provided to 25 volunteer patients after scaling among those called to a private clinic in Mashhad. During the research process, we used the probing depth (PD) index and the bleeding on probing (BOP) index to diagnose peri-implant mucositis before and after the 28-day period. According to the study findings, on the day of scaling and 4 weeks after scaling and mouthwash use, there was a statistically significant difference in BOP index values between the probiotic group and the placebo group (P < 0.001). There was no difference in PD index values between these two groups. In conclusion, probiotic treatment can be used in interventions, prevention, and dentists' recommendations to alleviate or eradicate peri-implant mucositis.

Malignant inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the maxillary sinus.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are extremely rare neoplasms with a variable natural history and biologic behavior, ranging from completely benign to malignant tumors with fatal outcome. They have no common identifiable cause, although some authors have assumed that any inflammatory stimulus may cause these pseudotumors. They are most commonly found in the lungs. Extrapulmonary sites include abdomen, retroperitoneum and extremities. IMTs rarely affect the head and neck, but the most common subsites in this region include the orbit, larynx, mouth, tonsils, parapharyngeal space, thyroid, parotid and lacrimal glands. There are few reports of inflammatory pseudotumors in the paranasal sinuses. In the maxillary sinus, the initial presenting sign is usually a nonspecific sinonasal mass, which has been growing over a period of weeks or months. On rare occasions, IMT may exhibit malignant transformation. Herein we present a rare case of pathologically proved IMT with malignant transformation which originated in the maxillary sinus of a 29-year-old male.