ABSTRACT
Short and long distance vision as well as vision in twilight conditions and dazzle sensitivity in 2 groups of 30 persons have been compared. In one group Corneal-Dual bifocal intraocular lenses and in the other group monocular lenses were implanted. In the former group 0.75 or nearer vision acuity was obtained without any additional correction, while in the latter group obtention of such vision required additional correction to +/- +2 4.0 D sph. Vision in twilight conditions and dazzle sensitivity were similar in both groups, though clearly lower than normal. The study also presents indications and contraindications for implantation of bifocal lenses.
Subject(s)
Lenses, Intraocular , Vision, Binocular , Vision, Monocular , Visual Acuity , Adult , Aged , Humans , Middle Aged , Refractive Errors/rehabilitation , Vision TestsABSTRACT
The aim of the paper is a comparison of sight defects observed in two age groups of drivers who caused severe road accidents. The study material comprised 326 drivers from the district of Lublin who were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of drivers of 50 and under 50 years of age while the second one comprised drivers over 50 years of age. In the first group sight defects were found in 28% of examined subjects and the second in 83.9%. The category of driving licence was changed because of detected sight defects in 7% of drivers from the first group and in 41% of drivers from the second group. The authors point to the necessity of periodical examinations of older drivers and to the need for informing drivers about symptoms of aging of the sight organ.
Subject(s)
Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control , Automobile Driving/standards , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Aging/physiology , Automobile Driving/legislation & jurisprudence , Eyeglasses , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Poland , Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Vision Disorders/physiopathology , Vision Disorders/therapyABSTRACT
The paper presents an original method of examining blood-aqueous humor permeability. The examinations were performed on grey rabbits that had been intravenously injected 10% fluorescein solution. Subsequently, at definite time intervals from the moment of the administration, fluid of the anterior chamber was taken in which the amount of aqueous fluorescein permeating to aqueous humor was measured. The measurements were performed using the method of high potency thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) in DS type chambers. Examination results were presented as densitometry, and the area of individual points was counted using a computer programme. This method yielded a diagram quantitatively presenting fluorescein permeation from the blood to the aqueous humor.
Subject(s)
Aqueous Humor/metabolism , Capillary Permeability/physiology , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Densitometry/methods , Animals , Female , Fluorescein , Fluoresceins/pharmacokinetics , Male , Rabbits , Reference ValuesABSTRACT
The aim of the paper was to study with the use of in vivo spectrophotometry of the eye the threshold values of the registered light above which one can observe clinically visible opacities of the lens. The performed experiments did not however show any major differences in the values of the registered light between persons with early cataract and control group because of considerable scattering of the results in both these groups. In order to explain the prognostic value of the in vivo spectrophotometry of the eye it is necessary to perform long-term observations of the further fate of persons with high values of the registered light.
Subject(s)
Cataract/diagnosis , Lens, Crystalline/physiopathology , Metallurgy , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Cataract/physiopathology , Cataract/prevention & control , Humans , Light , Mass Screening/methods , Middle Aged , Occupational Diseases/physiopathology , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Poland , Spectrophotometry/methods , Visual Acuity/physiologyABSTRACT
The authors compared the results of in vivo spectrophotometry of the eye in persons with a normal lens, in patients with aphakia and after an operation of intraocular lens implantation. The results received show that in the range of 400-500 microns half of the light registered by the spectrophotometer is connected with the lens in the eye. This speaks for the assumption that in vivo spectrophotometry in this range of the wave length may be one more method enabling an objective evaluation of the transparency of the lens. In the case of patients after operation of implantation of an intraocular lens the quantity of of the light reaching the retina is only slightly larger than in persons with a normal lens.
Subject(s)
Aphakia, Postcataract/rehabilitation , Cataract Extraction/methods , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/surgery , Lenses, Intraocular , Adult , Aged , Humans , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/physiopathology , Middle Aged , Time Factors , Visual Acuity/physiologyABSTRACT
Changes of the transparency of lenses were checked by means of in vivo spectrophotometry of the eye ball and by light transmission through extracted lenses in the course of experimental early cataract in rabbits caused by naphthalen. The results of investigations show that changes of lens transparency evaluated by means of in vivo spectrophotometry of the eye appear earlier than the clinically seen opacity. It speaks for the advisability of undertaking of further studies on the possibility of utilizing this method for detection of precataractous conditions in humans.
Subject(s)
Cataract/physiopathology , Disease Models, Animal , Lens, Crystalline/physiopathology , Light , Absorption , Animals , Cataract/chemically induced , Equipment Design , Naphthalenes , Rabbits , Spectrophotometry/instrumentation , Spectrophotometry/methods , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The aim of the survey was a comparison of transparency of the lenses examined by means of in vivo spectrophotometry of the eye in metalurgists threatened by development of cataract--with the results obtained in persons not engaged in metalurgy and selected by chance from the population. The investigations showed that the transparency of the lenses was lower in the group of the metalurgists than in the control group in spite of the fact that the ophthalmological examination did not detect any lens changes. The results of this study show that the in vivo spectrophotometry may find some employment for detection of changes in the lens which may occur in persons threatened by development of cataract.
Subject(s)
Cataract/diagnosis , Lens, Crystalline/physiopathology , Metallurgy , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Adult , Cataract/etiology , Cataract/physiopathology , Humans , Middle Aged , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Occupational Diseases/physiopathology , Poland , Prognosis , Spectrophotometry/methodsABSTRACT
Presented were personal observations concerning 76 patients with traumatic cataract who underwent lensectomy. In 12 patients the retina detached in a various postoperative period. Causes and mechanisms of this complication were discussed.
Subject(s)
Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Cataract/etiology , Eye Injuries/complications , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Retinal Detachment/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Time FactorsABSTRACT
In experimental investigations the hydrogen-fluoroalkane was introduced into the rabbit vitreous and subsequently the retina was examined in the electron microscope. The observations were carried out in 1, 4 and 8 weeks after introduction of the compound. It was demonstrated that the fluoroalkane penetrated into the internal retinal layers. These layers showed the presence of macrophages, the cytoplasm of which indicated the absorption of the compound. The structure of the retina was preserved till the end of the observation. The compound did not exert any toxic action.
Subject(s)
Alkanes/administration & dosage , Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated/administration & dosage , Models, Biological , Retina/drug effects , Vitreous Body/drug effects , Alkanes/pharmacokinetics , Animals , Diffusion , Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated/pharmacokinetics , Injections/methods , Microscopy, Electron , Rabbits , Retina/ultrastructure , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Fluids which are heavier than the vitreous fluid find recently their application in retinal detachment surgery. They fall down to the bottom of the eye and exerted pressure on the retina. Experimental investigations have been carried out on the possibility of application of these highly fluorinated alkane for operation. It has been demonstrated that this compound was very well tolerated by the tissues. It did not provoke any inflammatory or toxic reaction and did not cause any opacification of the optic media. On the spot of adherence it filtered in small quantities to the internal retinal layers. It could find probably its application in ophthalmic surgery.
Subject(s)
Alkanes , Disease Models, Animal , Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated , Prostheses and Implants , Retina/drug effects , Retinal Detachment/surgery , Scleral Buckling/instrumentation , Animals , Female , Male , Rabbits , Retina/pathology , Retinal Detachment/pathology , Scleral Buckling/methodsABSTRACT
Ophthalmological examinations were performed in 139 boxers. They showed that the injuries concerned most frequently the ocular adnexa and not the eye globe itself. Only two contestants who practiced boxing for more than 10 years exhibited peripheral opacities of the lens and pale foci with shifting of the pigment at the fundus periphery connected with a deepening of the filtration angle; this could be caused by a contusion of the eye. It was demonstrated that the introduction of safety helmets distinctly reduced the number of eye injuries in boxing.
Subject(s)
Boxing/injuries , Cataract/etiology , Contusions/complications , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Eye Injuries/complications , Retinitis Pigmentosa/etiology , Cataract/diagnosis , Humans , Male , Retinitis Pigmentosa/diagnosis , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A method of removing of blood from the anterior chamber by means of the hyaluronic acid is presented. The application of the natrium hyaluronate is raising the safety of operation as well as acts as means of protection against the appearance of intra- and postoperative complications such as secondary haemorrhages, hypotonia of the eyes or adhesions in the anterior chamber.
Subject(s)
Hyaluronic Acid/therapeutic use , Hyphema/surgery , Punctures/methods , Adult , Combined Modality Therapy , Humans , Male , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , RecurrenceABSTRACT
Sodium hyaluronate was applied intravitreally in 7 cases for the apposition of large balloon-like retinal detachments. The clinical results were very satisfactory, they speak for the usefulness of application of this compound.
Subject(s)
Hyaluronic Acid/administration & dosage , Retinal Detachment/surgery , Scleral Buckling/methods , Vitreous Body/drug effects , Humans , Intraoperative Care , Male , Middle Aged , Ophthalmic Solutions , PrognosisABSTRACT
A considerable dependence was revealed between the occurrence of disturbances of color vision and the advancement of diabetic retinopathy. The examination of color vision represented in a great part the degree of the functional damage of the cones, a damage which was a consequence of increasing vascular changes at the eye fundus.
