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1.
Issues Ment Health Nurs ; 22(4): 379-400, 2001 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11885155

ABSTRACT

Despite changes made in domestic violence (DV) programs, attrition continues to be a major problem. For this study on DV rehabilitation attrition, 62 male batterers and 31 female victims were recruited during a six month time frame from an existing batterers' program. Of the 62 batterers, one man was removed from the study, 38 dropped out of the program, and 23 made the transition from rehabilitation to the maintenance phase of the program. A logistical regression to predict completion status resulted in a Model Chi-square statistic of 31.08 (p = .000). Completers were more likely young, court-monitored, had lower levels of stress (SOS Inventory) and posttraumatic stress (PCL), and had higher levels of mutuality (MPDQ) in their relationships than noncompleters. The model predicted 88.89% of the noncompleters, 78.26% of the completers, and had an overall predictive ability of 84.75% for the study sample.


Subject(s)
Patient Dropouts/psychology , Spouse Abuse/rehabilitation , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Motivation , Personality Inventory , Spouse Abuse/psychology
2.
Issues Ment Health Nurs ; 20(4): 373-85, 1999.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10624238

ABSTRACT

Health injuries and related problems are well documented for the victims of domestic violence (DV). The health impact of DV behaviors for batterers has gone virtually unstudied. This study addresses the self-reports of health consequences of DV for both batterers and victims. The participants, 31 female victims and 62 male batterers, had numerous medical and mental health visits during the previous six months. Fourteen batterers (23%) received health care as a result of self-inflicted injuries from their battering. Eleven victims (35%) had received health care as a result of being battered. Eighteen batterers (29%) and 20 victims (64%) felt their medical and mental health problems were directly related to the DV. Additionally, batterers identified greater levels of stress on several of the subscales of the Symptoms of Stress Inventory (Nakagawa et al., 1993) than a comparison sample of adult men. Health care access as a result of DV was abundant for both victims and batterers. When assessing for DV, health care providers should screen for perpetrators as well as victims.


Subject(s)
Battered Women/psychology , Domestic Violence/psychology , Family Health , Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Health Status , Women's Health , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Mental Health , Middle Aged , Surveys and Questionnaires
3.
Health Care Women Int ; 18(5): 481-93, 1997.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9348822

ABSTRACT

Singular paradigms and simple solutions are not sufficient in addressing the complex and historically sanctioned practice of wife battering. In this article I examine two philosophical approaches to the treatment of men who beat women and how epistemology shapes the assumptions that drive interventions and guide research. A selected review of 8 years of outcome research in batterer intervention reveals inconsistencies in measuring both physical and psychological violence and in how and when those measures are obtained. In addition, there has been a failure to examine violence in the context of community that includes court-ordered treatment and probation monitoring. Failure to address the epistemological assumptions behind why men beat women results in poorly developed interventions and may endanger women as well.


PIP: A failure to address the epistemologic factors underlying domestic violence can lead to poorly developed, ineffective interventions for male batterers. Many such treatment programs in the US are based on anger management strategies that emphasize recognition of physiologic, cognitive, and behavioral responses to stress and use of self-regulatory techniques such as relaxation. Female partners report that, while this approach may lead to a reduction in physical violence, psychological violence actually intensifies. The feminist approach conceptualizes battering as a behavior aimed at gaining power and control over women rather than as an anger management issue. Interventions are directed at creating equality in male-female relationships and confronting the sociocultural context of abusive behavior. A review of batterer treatment outcome studies reveals inconsistencies in how violence is measured, the duration of follow-up, and whether psychological violence is assessed. Most effective appear to be programs that situate cognitive-behavioral interventions in the context of a feminist analysis of gender-related power dynamics and are backed up by probation monitoring and confidential progress reports from female partners.


Subject(s)
Counseling/organization & administration , Men/psychology , Spouse Abuse/therapy , Anger , Female , Feminism , Humans , Knowledge , Male , Motivation , Philosophy, Medical , Treatment Outcome
4.
Issues Ment Health Nurs ; 15(4): 393-408, 1994.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8056569

ABSTRACT

Anger management intervention is an integral part of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment in the Department of Veterans Affairs facilities across the country. However, the efficacy of such intervention has received little scientific study. This study was undertaken to describe the 51 male veterans who sought anger management intervention from March 1990 to March 1992 and to measure the efficacy of that intervention. The average participant was exposed to combat and was diagnosed with PTSD. The majority had a past or present substance abuse problem and described incidents of childhood trauma. Participants were tested at the first and final classes (State-Trait Anger Scale). Paired t-test analysis indicated a significant drop in both state- and trait-anger. Analysis of variance comparisons revealed that veterans with past psychological trauma had persistently higher mean anger scores than those without past trauma.


Subject(s)
Anger , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/prevention & control , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology , Veterans/psychology , Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Program Evaluation , Retrospective Studies , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis , Treatment Outcome
5.
J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv ; 29(2): 4-8, 1991 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2005598

ABSTRACT

1. All veterans participating in this project were suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. All had received counseling for their PTSD, including group sessions for 8 months prior to the trip. 2. One goal of this project was to provide new memories of a Vietnam at peace that could replace or stand beside the 20-year-old recollections. 3. One of the most dramatic occurrences was the re-humanizing of former enemies; the Vietnamese were seen as people and no longer enemies. 4. Some of the gains for the participants included improved sleep, gainful employment, less fear, anger and grief, and a resolution of suicidal intentions.


Subject(s)
Psychotherapy, Group/methods , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy , Veterans/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Mental Recall , Middle Aged , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology , United States , Vietnam , Warfare
6.
Am J Surg ; 157(6): 588-92, 1989 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2729519

ABSTRACT

The unsolved problem of valvular incompetence is a common denominator to chronic venous insufficiency. Cardiac experience with tissue valves suggests the potential for their use in more peripheral locations. The current initial work evaluated 22 valvular xenografts placed in the inferior vena cavas of 22 dogs. Patency extended to 28 months in 12 valves. There was a plausible explanation for failure in 8 of the 10 unsuccessful units. Patent valves functioned with minimal pressure gradients at moderate flow with no evidence of pulmonary emboli. Retrograde valvulograms showed acceptable functional competence in six of eight units examined despite autopsy evidence of leaflet fibrosis and anatomic incompetence. The study establishes the feasibility of long-term patency of valvular xenografts in the inferior vena cava, but also raises questions concerning design requirements for prosthetic venous valves.


Subject(s)
Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Vena Cava, Inferior/surgery , Animals , Blood Vessel Prosthesis/adverse effects , Dogs , Radiography , Vascular Patency , Vena Cava, Inferior/diagnostic imaging , Vena Cava, Inferior/pathology
8.
J Thorac Imaging ; 2(2): 52-60, 1987 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3599149

ABSTRACT

The use of intravascular catheters for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes has resulted in an increased number of foreign body embolizations. The retained foreign body is a potential source of morbidity and mortality. In this communication we describe the different techniques that are used to remove foreign bodies from various locations within the heart or vascular tree. A brief review of the literature concerning the reported complications from retained foreign bodies is made to underline the importance of early percutaneous removal of these fragments.


Subject(s)
Blood Vessels , Foreign Bodies/therapy , Catheterization/adverse effects , Humans , Methods
9.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976) ; 12(3): 214-21, 1987 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3589816

ABSTRACT

A modified spinal cord puncture technique that was combined with CT metrizamide syringography for the evaluation of potentially cystic spinal cord lesions has been used in 5 patients. This procedure proved to be safe and efficacious in the preoperative differentiation of cystic neoplasms from syringohydromyelia. It also aided in planning a surgical approach by revealing details of the tumor location and/or syrinx dynamics. Spinal cord puncture associated with CT metrizamide syringography has a role in the diagnosis and therapy of patients with cystic spinal cord lesions.


Subject(s)
Spinal Cord Diseases/surgery , Syringomyelia/surgery , Adult , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/diagnostic imaging , Biopsy, Needle , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Male , Metrizamide , Radiography , Spinal Cord Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Spinal Cord Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Spinal Cord Neoplasms/surgery , Spinal Puncture , Syringomyelia/diagnostic imaging
10.
Radiology ; 162(3): 619-20, 1987 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3809473

ABSTRACT

A case is reported in which a previously patent artery became temporarily occluded during angiography. The authors believe it happened because of incompatibility of the contrast agent ioxaglate (Hexabrix) and papaverine. Extreme caution is recommended whenever a new low-osmolality contrast agent is used in conjunction with a pharmacoangiographic agent.


Subject(s)
Angiography , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/chemically induced , Ioxaglic Acid/adverse effects , Papaverine/adverse effects , Drug Incompatibility , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
11.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 45(1): 57-9, 1987 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3467038

ABSTRACT

A case of a pseudoaneurysm secondary to bleeding which occurred during an intraoral vertical osteotomy of the mandible is presented. The bleeding was thought to be controlled by packing, but ultimately a pseudoaneurysm formed. Arteriography was used to diagnose the lesion and embolization to treat it. Duplex ultrasound played a complimentary role in the diagnosis, and in monitoring the therapeutic course.


Subject(s)
Aneurysm/etiology , Mandible/surgery , Osteotomy/adverse effects , Prognathism/surgery , Adolescent , Humans , Male , Mandible/blood supply
15.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol ; 6(5): 815-22, 1985.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3933304

ABSTRACT

Ventricular shunts were evaluated by a shuntographic technique using metrizamide for the contrast material and delayed spot films and computed tomography (CT) to evaluate shunt function. Thirty hydrocephalic patients were studied who had clinical presentations of shunt malfunction. Fifty-two shuntograms were obtained; most demonstrated the cause of shunt malfunction. No contrast-related complications resulted from the procedure. Diagnostic accuracy was greatly improved by this method, since both anatomic and functional evaluations could be performed. In patients with normal studies, unnecessary surgery was eliminated; in abnormal shuntograms, the duration of surgery and the likelihood of complications were reduced because the surgeons knew the exact anatomic derangements to be corrected.


Subject(s)
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts , Hydrocephalus/diagnostic imaging , Metrizamide , Child , Child, Preschool , Equipment Failure , Humans , Hydrocephalus/surgery , Infant , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
16.
J Trauma ; 25(4): 342-6, 1985 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3989893

ABSTRACT

Indications for venous reconstruction after traumatic injury are controversial, partly because of uncertainty of continued patency. We found no reports in the literature of truly long-term results after venous reconstruction. For clarification of this issue, we reviewed femoral venous injuries in a civilian metropolital population over a 20-year period. There were 31 patients with penetrating femoral venous injuries. Twenty-four patients underwent reconstruction. A search for these patients years after reconstruction located only five patients with six reconstructions. Followup venography at 6 to 20 years demonstrated venous patency and functional valves with asymptomatic patients and no clinical evidence of venous insufficiency in all cases excluding a single 1962 repair with a Teflon graft. This study then supports reconstruction rather than ligation after venous trauma. Although small, this series appears to be the only known report of truly long-term results following venous reconstruction.


Subject(s)
Femoral Vein/surgery , Graft Occlusion, Vascular , Adult , Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Femoral Vein/diagnostic imaging , Femoral Vein/injuries , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Phlebography , Reoperation , Retrospective Studies , Saphenous Vein/transplantation , Time Factors , Wounds, Gunshot/surgery
17.
Radiology ; 154(3): 779-81, 1985 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3969483

ABSTRACT

Five patients with calf hematomas presented with signs and symptoms suggesting thrombophlebitis, obscuring the correct diagnosis. Venography showed no venous thrombosis; further diagnostic studies using ultrasound and/or computed tomography provided the correct diagnosis in all patients. Ultrasound showed a hypoechoic mass clearly demarcated from surrounding soft tissue, while computed tomography showed a well-defined mass whose density depended on the age of the hematoma.


Subject(s)
Hematoma/diagnostic imaging , Muscular Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Thrombophlebitis/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adolescent , Aged , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Phlebography
18.
Radiology ; 154(1): 240-2, 1985 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3964941

ABSTRACT

The thin needles that are used for myelography or biopsy are easily deflected in the body. We describe a simple method used to guide the tip of these needles to the target area using needle-hub rotation. This procedure was successfully used in more than 260 direct C1-C2 punctures for cervical myelography.


Subject(s)
Biopsy, Needle/methods , Myelography/instrumentation , Needles , Humans
19.
Urology ; 25(1): 8-12, 1985 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3880975

ABSTRACT

The occult unilateral hydronephrotic kidney is often discovered during the genitourinary evaluation of patients sustaining blunt abdominal trauma. Few cases have been reported documenting the angiographic, computerized tomography (CT), and ultrasound appearances. Two cases are described which demonstrate that relatively minor trauma can precipitate hematuria and hypovolemic shock. Angiography demonstrated the bleeding site in both cases and was utilized in conjunction with other parameters of clinical assessment to plan initial management. CT and ultrasound proved to be useful noninvasive diagnostic parameters for baseline and follow-up studies in patients undergoing conservative management. They accurately demonstrated the degree of hydronephrosis, residual renal parenchymal, and resolving hematoma.


Subject(s)
Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Hydronephrosis/diagnostic imaging , Wounds and Injuries/complications , Child , Hematuria/etiology , Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Humans , Hydronephrosis/diagnosis , Hypotension/etiology , Male , Middle Aged , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Ultrasonography
20.
J Comput Tomogr ; 9(1): 33-7, 1985 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3882330

ABSTRACT

Thrombosis of the internal jugular vein was diagnosed by computed tomography in two cases. On contrast computed tomography, the thrombosed vein appeared as an enlarged vein containing a low density lumen surrounded by a sharply defined wall. This entity should be looked for whenever a patient is examined by computed tomography for acute cervical swelling or inflammatory ear disease.


Subject(s)
Jugular Veins/diagnostic imaging , Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Otitis Externa/diagnosis , Otitis Externa/diagnostic imaging , Otitis Media/diagnosis , Otitis Media/diagnostic imaging , Thrombosis/diagnosis , Ultrasonography
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