ABSTRACT
Simulated samples of sputa respectively negative sputa artificially contaminated with mycobacteria were sent to mycobacteriological laboratories in CSFR and the former GDR for the purpose of conducting an external quality control of the process employed in bacteriological examination. The average percentage of positive results corresponding with the reference material came to 75.7% in CSFR and 92.0% in former GDR. Methodological differences influencing the results of external laboratory control in both countries are discussed. Systematic external controls are recommended as an invaluable aid for improvement of the bacteriological demonstration of mycobacterial infections.
Subject(s)
Bacteriological Techniques/standards , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Quality Control , Sputum/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/microbiology , Czechoslovakia , Germany , Humans , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosisABSTRACT
In 5,400 animal tests of different specimens for detection of mycobacteria the spleen of the guinea pigs was checked for mycobacteria by microscopy and culture also after macroscopic negative results. On this way the number of positive results of animal tests could be increased by 22.6%.
Subject(s)
Bacteriological Techniques , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Animals , Guinea Pigs , Humans , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Spleen/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/microbiologySubject(s)
Detergents/pharmacology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects , Naphthalenesulfonates/pharmacology , Sputum/microbiology , Surface-Active Agents/pharmacology , Culture Media , Gluconates/pharmacology , Humans , Microbiological Techniques , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/growth & development , Specimen HandlingABSTRACT
In cooperation of ten laboratories the Soviet culture medium Mo. 3 (FINN) was compared with the media used in the GDR for primary cultivation of mycobacteria in routine (German Pharmacopoeia (diagnostic laboratory methods) GDR). The efficiency of the media tested in the study was nearly the same, not only concerning the number of positive cultures but also in time of growth and the number of colonies.
Subject(s)
Culture Media , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/growth & development , Bacteriological Techniques , Germany, West , Humans , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/microbiologyABSTRACT
Between 1974 and 1978 there were carried out comparative studies concerning the value of several detergents used to homogenization of diagnostic specimens in six countries (Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, German Democratic Republic, Poland, The Soviet Union and Yugoslavia). In the first study it was confirmed that the homogenization of diagnostic materials by detergents gives good results and is more economical than conventional Petroff's method. In the majority of centers the highest detection of tubercle bacilli was found after homogenization by Sodium-Laurylsulphated-technique. Remarkable differences in the time of growth of tubercle bacilli after homogenization of the same samples by Laurylsulphate, Laurosept and Petroff's lye method were not observed. While, after homogenization by Nekal BX the time of growth was a little bit retarded. In the lowest percentage of contamination was observed after homogenization by Nekal BX. In the second study the value of Polish detergents (Chlorhexidinum gluconicum and Laurosept) was compared with Ditalan OW hc made in GDR and with other routinely in the participating laboratories used techniques. The best results were obtained after homogenization of specimens by Chlorhexidinum gluconicum. But the comparison to Laurosept and Ditalan WO hc showed no significant differences. Homogenization of sputa was better and number of contaminations lower after using laurosept or Ditalan WO hc than by means of Chlorhexidinum gluconicum.
Subject(s)
Detergents , Microbiological Techniques , Surface-Active Agents , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Chlorhexidine/analogs & derivatives , Naphthalenesulfonates , Pyridinium Compounds , Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate , Sputum/microbiologyABSTRACT
Since pyrazinamide (PZA) has had a come-back in therapy of tuberculosis a simple and reliable method for sensitivity tests has been necessary. A comparison of resistance tests to PZA in acid Löwenstein-Jensen-medium and in fluid medium with those to nicotinamide (NSA) showed a clear superiority of the NSA method, recommended by BRANDER. Also in routine sensitivity tests the use of NSA instead of PZA has stood the test. Another advantage of the method is the possibility to integrate it in the simplified proportion method without any additional work.
Subject(s)
Drug Resistance, Microbial , Mycobacterium/drug effects , Niacinamide/therapeutic use , Pyrazinamide/therapeutic use , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapyABSTRACT
In cooperation of eight laboratories the new surface-active substance Ditalan WO hc was compared with Präwozell NBX (Nekal BX) used for homogenization and decontamination of the specimens for culture investigations of mycobacteria in routine. Under routine conditions Ditalan showed a slight, but statistically not significant advantage. Out of 1672 specimens pretreated with both detergents 482 cultures were positive in all, 429 (89,0%) after homogenization with Ditalan and 413 (85,7%) after pretreatment with Präwozell. The rate of contamination of the cultures was low in both cases (about 0,5%). Ditalan had a better mucolytic effect than Präwozell. In quantitative investigations the number of positive cultures was equal with both methods, but the number of colonies was somewhat higher and the time of growth was a little shorter after using Ditalan. In the third part the influence of both detergent-reagent-solutions on mycobacteria of different species was compared to that of physiological sodium chloride solution. The rate of growth was decreased by both the detergents in nearly the same degree. But the damaging effect is caused less by the detergent itself than by the sodium hydroxide contained in the solution used for pretreatment of the specimens.
Subject(s)
Detergents/pharmacology , Mycobacterium/drug effects , Bronchi/metabolism , Culture Media , Decontamination , Mucus/microbiology , Mycobacterium/isolation & purification , Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate/pharmacology , Specimen Handling , Sputum/microbiologyABSTRACT
In cooperation of nine laboratories a modified Ogawa medium containing asparagine was compared with the media used in the GDR for culture investigations on tuberculosis in routine [German Pharmacopoeia (diagnostic laboratory methods) GDR]. The efficiency of the modified Ogawa medium containing asparagine instead of sodiumglutamate was comparable to that of the original Ogawa medium and did not show any better results. By this means it is once more evident that Ogawa medium is an efficient medium for culture on tuberculosis. It is less liable to contamination and easily to be prepared.
Subject(s)
Culture Media/standards , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/growth & development , Asparagine , Sodium Glutamate , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/microbiologyABSTRACT
Report on determinations of sensitivity against cytostatics of tumour cell cultures from 70 bronchial carcinomas and 5 neoplastic effusions. The take rate was 56%. Most tumors tested were in vitro sensible against vinblastin and cyclophosphamid and resistant (moderately or completely) against 5-fluoro-uracil and Methotrexat.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Bronchial Neoplasms/drug therapy , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Bronchial Neoplasms/pathology , Bronchial Neoplasms/surgery , Cells, Cultured/drug effects , Humans , Microscopy, Electron , Postoperative Complications/drug therapyABSTRACT
In cooperation of four laboratories the efficiency of the two detergents Präwozell N-BX (Nekal BX) and Ditalan E used for homogenization of diagnostic specimens for cultural investigations on tuberculosis was compared. The pretreatment of sputum specimens was done according to the directions given in "DAB 7 (D.L.) - DDR" [German Pharmacopocia 7(Diagnostic laboratory methods) GDR]. Percentage of positive cultures, time of growth and rate of contamination were evaluated. Comparative investigations with both methods using the same sputum specimens were performed with 2117 samples. 245 cultures were positive in all, 223 (91,0%) of them after homogenization by means of Präwozell N-BX and 205 (83,7%) pretreated with Ditalan E. Out of 161 cultures positive with both methods, the time of growth was shorter at least one week in 19 samples (12%) after using Präwozell N-BX and in 55 specimens (34%) homogenized by means of Ditalan E than in the parallel culture. The number of contaminations was 18 (0,85%) after Ditalan E pretreatment and 10 (0,47%) after Präwozell N-BX homogenization. Taking as a basis the directives concerning the cultural investigations for mycobacteria Ditalan E did not show better results than those found with Präwozell N-BX.
