ABSTRACT
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Subject(s)
Autistic Disorder/psychology , Mothers , Object Attachment , Receptors, Opioid, mu/physiology , Animals , Caregivers , Child , Humans , Mice , Receptors, Opioid, mu/geneticsABSTRACT
We describe the use of the Apple-Psych system to conduct language comprehension experiments. Using this system, we have implemented several tasks commonly used to assess the cognitive processes involved in language comprehension. These include segment-by-segment reading tasks in which the stimuli are presented visually, and divided-attention and crossmodal tasks in which the stimuli are presented both visually and auditorily. Currently we are using the system to control collection of event-related potentials while subjects comprehend auditory discourse.
ABSTRACT
Vowel nuclei of syllables appear to provide a relatively stable (although not stationary) frame of reference for judging consonant events. We offer evidence that reliable consonant identification demands prior or simultaneous evaluation of this "vocalic frame." Listeners were presented a list of /bVs/, /dVs/, and /gVs/ syllables and were instructed to press a response key immediately upon recognizing a particular initial consonant target. Three groups of subjects monitored for /b/, /d/, and /g/, respectively. The test syllables contained 10 English vowels varying substantially in intrinsic duration. Response times to the initial consonants correlated positively with the duration of the following vowels, even when the effect of consonant-vowel formant transition duration was partialed out. The results suggest that consonant recognition is vowel dependent and, specifically, that a certain amount or proportion of the vowel formant trajectory must be evaluated before consonants can be reliably identified.
