ABSTRACT
Introduction: Nausea and vomiting are common complaints among patients who refer to the emergency department with head trauma. This study aimed to compare the effect of aromatherapy with isopropyl alcohol versus intravenous ondansetron in management of mild head trauma nausea and vomiting. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on patients with isolated mild head trauma complaining of nausea and vomiting who were referred to emergency department during a 6-month period. Patients were randomly divided into control (IV ondansetron + aromatherapy with saline) and intervention (IV saline + aromatherapy with isopropyl alcohol) groups. The frequency of vomiting and the severity of nausea (from 0 to 100 with the verbal scaling) were written before, and 10 and 30 minutes after intervention and compared between groups. Results: A total of 210 patients (105 patients in each group) with a median age of 38 years were included in the study, 112 (54.3%) of which were male. Ten minutes after aromatherapy, no significant difference was observed in nausea and vomiting between the two groups (p >0.05). Nausea score after 30 minutes (p = 0.015) was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group, but vomiting after 30 minutes (p <0.001) was higher in the intervention group. Conclusion: Aromatherapy using isopropyl alcohol significantly reduced nausea of patients with mild isolate head trauma after 30 minutes. Regarding vomiting, no favorable result was observed in this study. However, the frequency of vomiting was reduced in both control and intervention groups.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common finding in luteal phase of menstrual cycle resulting in several changes in woman life including pain sensation. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the alterations of postoperative pain sensation in those with and without a history of PMS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 140 women in in postoperative period were assigned to four groups regarding luteal or follicular phase of menstrual cycle and the history of PMS and were evaluated regarding scale of pain sensation and morphine demand in recovery room. To evaluate the difference among the groups, Mann Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Bonferroni tests were used. RESULTS: Patients with PMS presented higher pain sensation and analgesia request (P = 0.003). Patients in luteal phase showed less pain and analgesia request in two out of five studied outcomes (P = 0.075). CONCLUSIONS: The most comfortable postoperative women were those in luteal phase without history of PMS group.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency and age-specific incidence rate of different histopathologic subtypes of breast cancer in Iran, and compare it to neighboring and Western countries and to discuss the probable effective main factors. METHODS: National data from cancer registry for 6265 female breast cancer patients were studied in 10 histopathologic groups. RESULTS: The most common tumor was ductal carcinoma (89%). The peak age - specific incidence rate of breast cancer in total, and for epithelial, non-epithelial and ductal carcinomas were all 50-59 years, and it decreased in older age. It is in contrast to US SEER report which shows the incidence increases in higher age. CONCLUSION: Three main factors including younger age of Iranian patients, probable more ERN tumors and different histopathological profile of breast cancer in Iran might be considered and studied to explain different slope of breast cancer after menopause compared to other countries.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Spiritual well-being (SWB) of patients with cardiovascular diseases particularly in those admitted in coronary care unit (CCU) is threatened due to disease crisis. Therefore, implementing spiritual care is necessary for them. This study aimed to determine the effect of spiritual care program on SWB of patients with cardiac ischemia admitted in CCU in Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a single blind randomized clinical trial, 64 ischemic patients in CCU were randomly divided into test and control groups. Spiritual care program included supportive presence, rituals and using supportive systems for 3 days. Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire were completed before and after the intervention for the both groups. FINDINGS: Mean scores of SWB had no significant difference between the two groups before the intervention (p = 0.84). Mean score of existence dimension (p < 0.001) and mean total score of SWB (p < 0.001) in the test group showed a significant difference comparing before and after the intervention; however, it was not significant in the control group (p = 0.17). Mean existence dimension (p = 0.01) and mean total score SWB (p = 0.01) had a significant difference between test and control groups after the intervention; however, there was no significant difference in mean score of religious dimension between the two groups after the intervention (p = 0.25). CONCLUSIONS: The spiritual care program promoted the SWB of ischemic patients in existence dimension and overall score, and nurses can use these programs to promote patients' SWB.
