ABSTRACT
Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet lysate (PL) are nowadays promising candidates in the treatment of articular cartilage lesions. We aimed to compare PRP and PL injection effectiveness in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). A total of fifty women with KOA were included in the study. Patients were treated with intra-articular injections of PRP and PL. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the comparison of VAS, WOMAC, and ROM scores. The concentration levels of growth factors and cytokines were measured by ELISA. All patients showed significant improvements in pain and function following treatment of KOA with PL and PRP compared to baseline. Moreover, PL's concentration of growth factors was significantly higher than PRP. A significant increase was also observed in all of the aforementioned mediators in both PRP and PL products compared to control. These results can introduce PL as a promising and alternative option for KOA therapy in the future.
Subject(s)
Osteoarthritis, Knee , Platelet-Rich Plasma , Humans , Female , Osteoarthritis, Knee/drug therapy , Hyaluronic Acid , Treatment Outcome , Injections, Intra-ArticularABSTRACT
The associations between early lactation changes in the body condition score (BCS) and mid-lactation levels of blood insulin-like Growth Factor-I (IGF-1), prolactin, insulin, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), milk production and some reproductive indices were investigated. Monthly milk yield and BCS were recorded. Blood samples were collected on days 60, 90, and 120 (±5 days) of lactation. Twelve and 17 cows showed BCS losses ≤0.75 and >0.75 on day 60, respectively. BCS losses ≤0.75 till day 60 after calving enhanced the IGF-I concentration on day 90 (57.8 ± 10.7 vs. 35.6 ± 17.8 ng/mL; p = .001). The differences in blood metabolites were prominent on day 90. Trends of insulin changes between day 60 BCS (p = .04) groups were different. Inverse correlations were detected between IGF-I and NEFA (-0.6, p = .001), IGF-I and milk production (-0.4, p = .05), NEFA and prolactin (-0.8, p < .001) on day 90. Higher percentages of cows with BCS loss >0.75 (day 60) showed their first heat after day 40 postpartum. In conclusion, irrespective of BCS at the time of breeding, the level of BCS loss during the first 60 days of lactation may affect further reproductive performance due to prolonged alterations of IGF-I, NEFA, prolactin and insulin levels. The extent of postpartum BCS loss may be a predictor of the metabolic status of cows during mid-lactation.
Subject(s)
Fatty Acids, Nonesterified , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I , Female , Cattle , Animals , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/pharmacology , Prolactin/metabolism , Lactation , Postpartum Period , Milk , InsulinABSTRACT
In the title compound, (C(6)H(10)N(2))[Co(C(7)H(3)NO(4))(2)]·5H(2)O, the Co(II) ion is six-coordinated in an N(2)O(4) environment by two pyridine-2,6-dicarboxyl-ate (pydc) ligands, having a distorted octa-hedral geometry. The crystal packing is stabilized by inter-molecular N-Hâ¯O, O-Hâ¯O and weak C-Hâ¯O hydrogen bonds. There are also π-π inter-actions between the pyridine rings of the pydc ligands and between the pydc ligands and the benzene-1,3-diammonium cations, with centroid-centroid distances of 3.4575â (15) and 3.7521â (15)â Å.
ABSTRACT
In the crystal structure of the title compound, [HgBr(2)(C(6)H(4)N(2))(2)], the Hg atom is four coordinated by two pyridine N atoms and two Br(-) anions in a considerably distorted tetrahedral environment. π-π inter-actions between adjacent pyridine rings [centroid-centroid distance of 3.648â (3)â Å] stabilize the crystal structure.
ABSTRACT
In the title compound, [ZnBr(2)(C(6)H(4)N(2))(2)], the Zn(II) atom is four coordinated in a slightly distorted tetra-hedral fashion by two pyridine N atoms and two Br(-) anions. π-π inter-actions between adjacent pyridine rings [centroid-centroid distance = 3.6229â (19)â Å] are the main factor controlling the packing and are effective in the stabilization of the crystal structure.
