ABSTRACT
Bioterrorism involves the deliberate release of harmful biological agents, such as bacteria and viruses, aimed at causing mass casualties within a population. Often referred to as "poor man's nuclear weapons," chemical and biological weapons pose a significant threat due to their potential for mass destruction. Detecting and preventing bioterrorist attacks is challenging, making them one of the most feared scenarios. Dentistry plays a crucial role in responding to bioterrorism and other catastrophic events, leveraging its personnel and facilities effectively. This paper explores the signs and symptoms of biological agents used in mass destruction, as well as the oral and dental manifestations of both naturally occurring and bioengineered infectious agents. Furthermore, the article stresses the importance of countermeasures against bioterrorism, including deterrence, prevention, surveillance, medical management, and training. Emphasis is placed on implementing surveillance systems, bolstering medical readiness, and conducting training programs to effectively detect, assess, and respond to bioterrorism threats. Ultimately, the article underscores the critical role of dentists and healthcare professionals in collaborative efforts to mitigate the impacts of bioterrorism through proactive measures.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have a propensity for widespread metastases and a wide range of survival rates. They can spread into adjacent organs by direct extension and can invade local or distant sites by lymphatic, hematogenous or lympho-hematogeneous pathways. Scar site metastasis is very rare. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a rare case of scar site RCC metastasis in a patient who underwent left radical nephrectomy 10 months ago. CONCLUSION: FNAC is a simple and easy technique that can help in the definitive diagnosis of subcutaneous lesions. A correct early stage diagnosis of metastatic RCC can considerably improve the survival rates.
