ABSTRACT
The world is heading towards an era of intractable and impending untreatable N. gonorrhoeae, thereby underlining the significance of rapid and accurate prediction of drug resistance as an indispensable need of the hour. In the present study, we optimized and evaluated a stable isotope labeling-based approach using the MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry) for rapid and reliable detection of ciprofloxacin and azithromycin resistance in N. gonorrhoeae. All the isolates were cultured under three varied condition setups viz. medium supplemented with normal lysine, heavy lysine (isotope), and heavy lysine along with the antibiotics (ciprofloxacin/azithromycin), respectively. After incubation, spectra were acquired using the MALDI-TOF MS which were further screened for unique patterns (media-specific spectra) to differentiate drug-susceptible and resistant isolates. The results of the stable isotope labeling assay were comparable to the results of phenotypic methods used for susceptibility testing.
Subject(s)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Azithromycin , Isotope Labeling , Lysine , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Ciprofloxacin/pharmacology , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methods , Culture Media, ConditionedABSTRACT
Five patients in early childhood had moderate to marked anemia and clinically demonstrable thick long bones of the extremities with radiologic features of diaphyseal dysplasia. Although the anemia was persistent and not responsive to hematinics, prednisolone was administered to two of these patients and caused remarkable improvement of the anemia in both. Roentgenologic examination carried out after 1 year of corticosteroid therapy in one patient and after 11 years in another showed considerable improvement of the bony changes. The clinical and radiologic examinations of these patients and their follow-up study suggest that they may constitute an unusual group of patients with diaphyseal dysplasia associated with anemia, hitherto not well defined.
Subject(s)
Anemia/complications , Camurati-Engelmann Syndrome/complications , Osteochondrodysplasias/complications , Anemia/diagnostic imaging , Camurati-Engelmann Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Child, Preschool , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant , Male , RadiographyABSTRACT
Glyoxalase polymorphism has been studied in 7296 persons from populations in South Asia, Southeast Asia, Oceania, Iran and Colombia. The GLO frequencies are very low in most of Oceania, including Australia, somewhat higher in Southeast Asia, and intermediate though variable in India. In Iran the GLO frequency is similar to that in Europe. The value for the single amerindian group in Colombia is nearly 30%.