ABSTRACT
Background: Several studies have suggested a relationship between periodontitis and serum creatinine levels. Both low and high serum creatinine levels have been reported in individuals with periodontitis. The impact of periodontal therapy on serum creatinine levels has not been fully investigated yet. The aim of the study is to estimate the influence of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on serum creatinine levels in systemically healthy individuals with periodontitis at stage II and stage III with grade A and grade B. Materials and Methods: Sixty-eight systemically healthy individuals included in the study were divided into Group A (GA) (Periodontally healthy) and Group B (GB) (Periodontitis: stage II and III with grade A and grade B). Gingival index, sulcular bleeding index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, body mass index, and serum creatinine levels were recorded at baseline for both GA and GB, 90 days after NSPT for GB only. Collected data were analyzed statistically. Results: Serum creatinine levels in GB were significantly higher when compared with GA and serum creatinine levels in GB before and 90 days after NSPT were statistically insignificant. Conclusions: Serum creatinine levels were higher in individuals with periodontitis when compared with periodontally healthy individuals and NSPT has no considerable influence on the serum creatinine levels in individuals with periodontitis. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.
ABSTRACT
Background: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a major group of enzymes, released in inflamed periodontal tissues in large quantities, resulting in connective tissue matrix breakdown. One of the most predominant MMPs is MMP-9. Association between chronic periodontitis (CP) and MMP-9 gene polymorphism (GP) in some ethnic populations has been already established. The aim of the current study was to assess the association of single-nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of MMP-9 gene with CP in Kolkata population, if any. Materials and Methods: Forty eligible individuals were recruited for the study and grouped as A and B: Group A (twenty periodontally healthy individuals) and Group B (twenty CP patients). Venous blood samples collected from all the forty individuals were used to isolate the genomic DNA. GP for MMP-9 gene was detected using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing method. The data obtained were then analyzed statistically. Results: A significantly different genotypic and allelic variation was observed in the control and test groups, with C/T genotype and T allele present in only CP group. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, we can conclude that there was no significant association between patients with periodontitis and MMP-9-1562 C/T promoter GP.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of host-derived zinc-dependent enzymes which mediates the destruction of the extracellular matrix. In periodontitis, there is excess production of MMPs associated with periodontal tissue destruction. The aim of this study was to estimate the level MMP-9 in both active and latent form in gingival tissue (GT) samples collected from periodontitis patients with different rates of progression and compare it with healthy individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients were selected and divided into three groups, 20 each: Group A (slowly/moderately progressing periodontitis), Group B (rapidly progressing periodontitis), and Group C (clinical periodontal health). Plaque index, gingival index, periodontal probing depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level were recorded. GT samples were collected from all 60 patients and MMP-9 expressions were measured using gelatin zymography and western blotting. RESULTS: Levels of active MMP-9 (aMMP-9) and latent MMP-9 (lMMP-9) were significantly high in both Group A (GA) (aMMP-9: 2.05 arbitrary unit [AU]/lMMP-9: 2.54 AU) and Group B (GB) (aMMP-9: 1.32 AU/lMMP-9: 1.74 AU) when compared to that of Group C (GC) (aMMP-9: 0.93/lMMP-9: 1.08 AU). In GA, levels of aMMP-9 showed a significant correlation with PPD values. No other correlations were found. CONCLUSION: The levels of aMMP-9 and lMMP-9 were increased in both the types of periodontitis when compared with periodontally healthy individuals. A significant correlation was found between PPD and activities of aMMP-9 in slowly/moderately progressing periodontitis patients. However, further studies are required to confirm these findings.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: According to the American Association of Periodontology, subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) is one the most reliable surgical technique available for the treatment of gingival recession (GR) with Miller's Class I defect. However, due to its various disadvantages, alternate grafts such as acellular dermal matrix (ADM) grafts have been introduced for recession coverage. The present study compares the clinical outcome of these two grafts in treating Miller's Class I GR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All the 15 patients participated in the study who had totally 30 bilateral Miller's Class I GR were divided randomly into SCTG group and ADM group each containing 15 defects. In the SCTG group, coronally advanced flap (CAF) with SCTG was performed, and in ADM group, CAF with ADM was done. Clinical parameters were measured on the day of surgery (baseline) and after 6 months. Data collected were statistically analyzed using paired and unpaired t-tests. RESULTS: The analysis of the data collected at the baseline and 6 months later showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the recorded clinical parameters such as probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and GR depth. ADM group showed a better color match than the SCTG group, while SCTG group achieved more keratinized tissue width than ADM group. CONCLUSION: From the outcome of the current study, we can conclude that ADM is an efficient substitute for SCTG for treating Miller's Class I GR. However, additional studies with greater number of samples and lengthier follow-up periods are necessary to validate the present inference.
