ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the patterns of distribution of histological effects of vaporized perfluorohexane (PFH) and partial liquid ventilation (PLV) differ significantly in acute lung injury. DESIGN AND SETTING: Experimental study in an animal research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Eighteen pigs. INTERVENTIONS: After induction of acute lung injury by means of infusion of oleic acid animals were randomly assigned to PFH, PLV, or gas ventilation (GV) groups. Six hours thereafter animals were killed, and lung tissue samples were taken for analysis. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Histopathological analysis revealed less damage with PFH than with GV or PLV in the nondependent and central regions. PFH and PLV showed less injury in the dependent regions than GV. GV and PFH were associated with less histological damage in the nondependent than the dependent regions, whereas PLV presented the opposite pattern. Morphometric analysis showed increased aeration in nondependent than dependent regions with PFH and GV. PLV led to more aeration in the periphery than in central areas. CONCLUSIONS: PFH was associated with a more homogeneous attenuation of alveolar damage across the lungs, although this therapy had more pronounced effects in nondependent zones. PLV showed the opposite pattern, with more important reduction in alveolar damage in dependent lung regions. Interestingly, reduction in alveolar damage with PFH was as effective as with PLV in dependent zones. Our findings suggest that vaporized perfluorocarbon could be advantageous as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of acute lung injury.
Subject(s)
Fluorocarbons/therapeutic use , Liquid Ventilation/methods , Pulmonary Alveoli/pathology , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/drug therapy , Animals , Positive-Pressure Respiration , Pulmonary Alveoli/drug effects , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/pathology , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/therapy , Swine , VolatilizationABSTRACT
Simuladores Mecânicos Pulmonares (SMP) são equipamentos necessários para verificar o funcionamento de ventiladores pulmonares. Este trabalho descreve a avaliação técnica de um SMP fabricado pela empresa Medishield. UK. Foram realizadas aferições dos valores das complacências e resistências pneumáticas do simulador além de ensaios de leitura do manômetro e do mostrador de volume. Os resultados mostram que este simulador não é adequado para ensaios segundo normas técnicas, porém pode ser utilizado com cautela para realizar procedimentos de manutenção preventiva de ventiladores.
Abstract - Mechanical Lung Simulators (MLS) are necessary to verify the operation of pulmonary ventilators. This work describes the technical evaluation of a MLS manufactured by Medishield, UK. The pneumatic resistances and compliances supplied with the equipment were checked, in addition to reading tests for the manometer and the volume display. The results showed that this simulator is not adequate for tests according to technical standards but it can be used with caution to perform preventive maintenance procedures in pulmonary venti !ators
Subject(s)
Respiration, Artificial/methods , Ventilators, Mechanical/standards , R Factors/physiology , Equipment and Supplies, Hospital , Airway ResistanceABSTRACT
Segundo classificação do Ministério da Saúde, Ventiladores Pulmonares (VP) se enquadram na lista dos equipamentos de alto risco. Este trabalho investiga as condições de emprego e manutenção dos VP de um hospital público de grande porte localizado no município do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados proporcionaram subsídios para destacar a importância de um Laboratório de Inspeção de Ventiladores que atue no gerenciamento e adeuação desses equipamentos nas diversas unidades do hospital
Abstract - According to the classification of Ministry of Health, Lung Ventilators are included in the list of high risk medical devices. This paper investigates the conditions of employment and maintenance of Jung ventilators in a large public hospital located in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The results raised subsidies to point out the importance of a Laboratory for Inspection of Ventilators to act on the management and adequateness of these equipments in the hospital units
Subject(s)
Equipment Safety , Pulmonary Ventilation/physiology , Inservice Training/methods , Inservice Training/standards , Equipment Maintenance , Respiration, Artificial , Cardiopulmonary ResuscitationABSTRACT
Neste trabalho é apresentado um método para projeto e calibração de pneumotacógrafos unicapilares, para ser utilizado em pequenos animais. O projeto, baseado na lei de Poiseuille, em condições de medição e mínima interferência fisiológica, tem como objetivo definir um conjunto de soluções para o raio interno e comprimento. Calibrações linear e polinomial de terceira ordem e testes foram realizados nas condições de ventilação com pressão positiva em ratos. Erros volumétricos percentuais absolutos menores que 1 por cento demonstram que a calibração não-linear é adequada para medidas de fluxo e volume em ratos submetidos a ventilação mecânica
Abstract - A method for design and calibration of unicapillary pneumotachographs to be used in small animais is presented. The design. based on Poiseuille's law, measurement conditions and physiological minimal interference. aims to define a set of solutions for internai radius and length values. Linear and third order polynomial calibration and tests were done for conditions of positive pressure ventilation in rats. Percentual absolute volumetric errors (lower than 1 %) show that nonlinear calibration is adequate for flow and volume measurements in rats, under mechanical ventilation
