MYFix: Automated Fixation Annotation of Eye-Tracking Videos.

In mobile eye-tracking research, the automatic annotation of fixation points is an important yet difficult task, especially in varied and dynamic environments such as outdoor urban landscapes. This complexity is increased by the constant movement and dynamic nature of both the observer and their environment in urban spaces. This paper presents a novel approach that integrates the capabilities of two foundation models, YOLOv8 and Mask2Former, as a pipeline to automatically annotate fixation points without requiring additional training or fine-tuning. Our pipeline leverages YOLO's extensive training on the MS COCO dataset for object detection and Mask2Former's training on the Cityscapes dataset for semantic segmentation. This integration not only streamlines the annotation process but also improves accuracy and consistency, ensuring reliable annotations, even in complex scenes with multiple objects side by side or at different depths. Validation through two experiments showcases its efficiency, achieving 89.05% accuracy in a controlled data collection and 81.50% accuracy in a real-world outdoor wayfinding scenario. With an average runtime per frame of 1.61 ± 0.35 s, our approach stands as a robust solution for automatic fixation annotation.

Classifying Motorcyclist Behaviour with XGBoost Based on IMU Data.

Human behaviour detection is relevant in many fields. During navigational tasks it is an indicator for environmental conditions. Therefore, monitoring people while they move along the street network provides insights on the environment. This is especially true for motorcyclists, who have to observe aspects such as road surface conditions or traffic very careful. We thus performed an experiment to check whether IMU data is sufficient to classify motorcyclist behaviour as a data source for later spatial and temporal analysis. The classification was done using XGBoost and proved successful for four out of originally five different types of behaviour. A classification accuracy of approximately 80% was achieved. Only overtake manoeuvrers were not identified reliably.

Exploring cross-cultural variations in visual attention patterns inside and outside national borders using immersive virtual reality.

We examined theories of cross-cultural differences in cognitive style on a sample of 242 participants representing five cultural groups (Czechia, Ghana, eastern and western Turkey, and Taiwan). The experiment involved immersive virtual environments consisting of two salient focal objects and a complex background as stimuli, which were presented using virtual reality headsets with integrated eye-tracking devices. The oculomotor patterns confirmed previous general conclusions that Eastern cultures have a more holistic cognitive style, while Western cultures predominantly have an analytic cognitive style. The differences were particularly noticeable between Taiwan and the other samples. However, we found that the broader cultural background of each group was perhaps just as important as geographical location or national boundaries. For example, observed differences between Eastern (more holistic style) and Western Turkey (more analytic style), suggest the possible influence of varying historical and cultural characteristics on the cognitive processing of complex visual stimuli.

Solitary abdominal wall hydatid cyst-a rare condition.

Hydatid disease is a parasitic infection by a tapeworm of the genus Echinococcus that usually presents in the liver and lungs. Presentation of the disease as a solitary abdominal wall lesion, however, is a rare entity and only nine cases have been reported in the literature thus far. We present the case of a 53-year-old Caucasian female presenting with a mass located in the left flank that was proven to be a solitary hydatid cyst intraoperatively.

Progressive Damage Numerical Modelling and Simulation of Aircraft Composite Bolted Joints Bearing Response.

Finite element numerical progressive damage modelling and simulations applied to the strength prediction of airframe bolted joints on composite laminates can lead to shorter and more efficient product cycles in terms of design, analysis and certification, while benefiting the economic manufacturing of composite structures. In the study herein, experimental bolted joint bearing tests were carried out to study the strength and failure modes of fastened composite plates under static tensile loads. The experimental results were subsequently benchmarked against various progressive damage numerical modelling simulations where the effects of different failure criteria, damage variables and subroutines were considered. Evidence was produced that indicated that both the accuracy of the simulation results and the speed of calculation were affected by the choice of user input and numerical scheme.

Colangiopancreatografía asistida por laparoscopia en bypass gástrico y fistulotomía pre-corte por cálculo impactado en papila / Colangiopancreatography Assisted by Laparoscopy in Gastric Bypass and Fistulotomy Pre-Cut by Calculation Impacted in Papila

La denominada cirugía bariátrica “Bypass Gástrico” es una de las operaciones bariátricas mayormente efectuadas a nivel mundial y en aumento en años recientes. La exclusión del estómago y duodeno, después del procedimiento, deja con gran dificultad, la ejecución vía oral, de la Colangiopancreatografía endoscópica (CPRE) y el acceso al tracto biliar y pancreático. Debido a la incrementada incidencia de litiasis biliar en pacientes luego del procedimiento “bypass gástrico”, habrá más requerimiento de la Colangiopancreatografía endoscópica. En los últimos años se ha demostrado que los pacientes con bypass gástrico que ameriten evaluar el tracto biliopancreático pueden someterse exitosamente a Colangiopancreatografía endoscópica terapéutica transgástrica asistida por laparoscopia, en forma segura y confiada. Presentamos nuestra paciente con litiasis residual: cálculo impactado en la papila, efectuando la Colangiopancreatografía endoscópica transgástrica asistida por laparoscopia e Fistulotomía con bisturí - aguja por cálculo impactado en la papila, resuelto satisfactoriamente.

The “Gastric Bypass” is one of the most performed bariatric operatio ns worldwide, and in recent years the number of former bypass patients accrues. The gastric bypass excludes the stomach and duodenum, and it makes very difficult, by oral route, the access to the biliopancreatic tract, by means the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Due to the increased evidence of gallstones after bariatric operations, the ERCP could be more often required. In recent years, it has been demostrated that gastric bypass patients can be successfully evaluated endoscopically by laparoscopic transgastric ERCP, as a safe and reliable method. We describe a patient with residual billiary impacted stone in the papilla, who underwent laparoscopic transgastric ERCP and a precut “fistulotomy” technique with needle - knife, was highly successful, without add significant morbidity to the procedure.

An Inverse-Linear Logistic Model of The Main Sequence.

A model of the main sequence is proposed based on the logistic function. The model's fit to the peak velocity-amplitude relation resembles an S curve, simultaneously allowing control of the curve's asymptotes at very small and very large amplitudes, as well as its slope over the mid-amplitude range. The proposed inverse-linear logistic model is also able to express the linear relation of duration and amplitude. We demonstrate the utility and robustness of the model when fit to aggregate data at the smalland mid-amplitude ranges, namely when fitting microsaccades, saccades, and superposition of both. We are confident the model will suitably extend to the largeamplitude range of eye movements.

Tumores mesenquimales diagnosticados en la unidad de gastroenterología del HMPC entre los años 2007 aL 2009 / Mesenchymal tumors diagnosed in the gastroenterology unit of HPMC from 2007 to 2009

Se evaluaron las historias médicas con diagnóstico de tumores mesenquimales confirmados por análisis inmunohistoquímico entre los años 2007 y 2009. El objetivo fue describir a la población según características clínicas, epidemiológicas, diagnósticos por imágenes y análisis anatomopatológico. Se obtuvieron 11 pacientes con diagnósticos de GIST(7), Leiomiomas(2), GANT(1) y Leiomiosarcoma(1). Del género femenino (82%) y masculino (18%). Con un promedio de 55 años de edad. Clínicamente presentaron dolor abdominal (45%), mareos (27%), pirosis (9%) y disfagia (1%). El 18% permaneció asintomático. Entre los signos encontrados figuran: melena (36%), pérdida de peso (27%), palidez cutánea (9%) y vómitos (9%). El 36% de los pacientes no presentaron hallazgos al examen físico. Se realizó ultrasonido abdominal en el 100% de los pacientes, con hallazgos patológicos relacionados con el tumor en el 27 % de los casos. Al 90% de los pacientes se les realizó una Endoscopia Digestiva Superior, el 82% de los hallazgos se describieron como Tumores Submucosos y 9% se reportó como normal. Las lesiones se ubicaron en el estómago (60%), 27% en el intestino delgado ( duodeno y yeyuno); 9% en esófago y 9% en retroperitoneo. El ultrasonido endoscópico fue practicado al 82% de los pacientes, con un porcentaje de aciertos diagnósticos en el 90% de los tumores localizados en esófago, estómago e intestino delgado, y de 87,5% si se incluye el tumor retroperitoneal. La Tomografía Computada (TC) de abdomen fue practicada en 45% de los pacientes, con hallazgos patológicos en el 100% de los casos, descritos como Lesiones Ocupantes de Espacio (LOE), en estómago, intestino, esófago y retroperitoneo; y en el 20% de los pacientes se encontró enfermedad metastásica hepática Recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico el 82%, el 18% restante no se realizó por contraindicación médica o se encuentran en espera del procedimiento. Y un 18% de los pacientes recibieron tratamiento médico con Imatinib...

We evaluated the clinical records with a diagnosis of mesenchymal tumors confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis, from 2007 to 2009. The objective was to describe the population according to clinical and epidemiological features, diagnostic imaging and histopathological analysis. We found 11 patients with diagnoses of GIST(7), leiomyoma(2), leiomyosarcoma(1) and GANT(1); (82%) female and (18%) male, with a mean age of 55 years. They clinically presented abdominal pain (45%), dizziness (27%), heartburn (9%) and dysphagia (1%). 18% remained asymptomatic. Among the symptoms were: melena (36%), weight loss (27%), paleness (9%) and vomiting (9%). 36% of the patients had no findings at physical examination. Abdominal ultrasound was performed in 100% of the patients, with pathological findings related to the tumor in 27% of cases. In 90% of patients an upper digestive endoscopy was performed. 82% of findings were described as submucosal tumors and 9% was reported as normal. Lesions were located in stomach (60%); 27% in small bowel (duodenum and jejunum), 9% in esophagus and 9% in retroperitoneum. Endoscopic ultrasound was performed to 82% of patients, with a diagnostic accuracy of 90% for the tumors located in esophagus, stomach and small bowel; and 87,5% if the retroperitoneal tumor is included. The abdomen Computed Tomography (CT) was performed in 45% of patients with pathological findings in 100% of the cases, described as Space occupying lesion (SOL) in stomach, intestine, esophagus and retroperitoneum; and, in 20% of patients metastatic liver cancer was found. 82% received surgical treatment, the remaining 18% was not performed due to contraindication or are waiting for the procedure. And 18% of patients received medical therapy with Imatinib...

Lesión de dieulafoy una causa oculta de sangrado gastrointestinal: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Injuries of dieulafoy cause occulta of gastroientestinal hemorrhage: presentation of a case and review of the literature

Se presenta el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino, de 80 años de edad con Hemorragia Digestiva Superior recurrente no masiva de origen oculto, descubriéndose Lesión de Dieulafoy posterior a un episodio de Hemorragia Digestiva Mesiva, tratada exitosamente con Esclerosis. Se hace hincapié en la necesidad de realizar Endoscopia de dichas lesiones y su importancia como herramienta de diagnóstico y control post-esclerosis. La resección precisa en cuña de este caso, fue precedida de tatuaje de la zona de esclerosis ya estudiada por Eco-endoscopia. Un control al año ha demostrado ausencia de recurrencia

Divertículo duodenal penetrado que simula neoplasia de cabeza de páncreas y revisión de la literatura: (presentación atípica) / Duodenal discerner diverticulo that simulation pancreas head neoplasia and literature review: (atypical presentation)

Se analiza a propósito de un caso de divertículo duodenal de diagnóstico difícil la importancia de realizar una evaluación integral, debido a que cada exploración se le debe dar su justo valor y todas se complementan. En este caso la endoscopia digestiva superior y el estudio radiológico fueron el patrón de oro del diagnóstico, aunque por lo anteriormente expuesto se evidencia que se le acreditó más importancia al ultrasonido abdominal y a la tomografía axial computarizada en los que se diagnosticó una lesión compatible con una neoplasia de cabeza de páncreas por lo que fue intervenida quirúrgicamente

Dispersión del QTC: valor predictivo en arritmias post-infarto del miocardio / Measurement of QTC: dispersion in predicting post myocardial infarction arrythmias

Evaluar la capacidad predictiva de la medición de la dispersión del QTc de presentar arritmias post-infarto del miocardio (IM). Estudio restrospectivo, descriptivo con comparaciones intragrupales de una muestrta de 28 pacientes, edad promedio de 53,33, cuya muestra fue tomada desde enero a septiembre de 1998, con dignóstico de IM según criterios de la New York Heart Associatio, realizándose seguimientos a todos los pacientes durante los 4 primeros días posterior a su ingreso, un total de 8 EKG por paciente midiéndose el intervalo QT en todas las derivaciones de cada EKG, QTc según, fórmula de Bazett y dispersión del mismo, la cual se obtuvo restando al máximo valor del Qtc menos el mínimo. Se compararon estos resultados con los obtenidos del Holter, estableciendo por los métodos estadísticos análisis de varianza y T de Student pareada, que para el cuarto día de estudio hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los grupos comparados en cuanto al comportamiento de su dispersión. El mantenerse disperso aún en el cuarto día de estudio pudiera relacionarse con riesgo de arritmia post IM

Revisión de la casuistica de apendicitis aguda en la Clínica Santa Sofia / Casuistic review of acute appendicitis

En este estudio se reunieron un total de 111 pacientes que habían presentado Apendicitis Aguda entre los 15 y 75 años con un promedio de 28.5 años de edad, de los cuales 72 casos eran pacientes femenino y 39 masculino(65 por ciento y 35 por ciento respectivamente). En promedio su estancia hospitalaria fue de 2.89 días y el 79.28 por ciento fue dado de Alta en los primeros tres días del post-operatorio. De estos pacientes el 86.49 por ciento recibió antivioticoterapia post-operatoria y sólo al 8.11 por ciento no se le indicó antibiótico. Se drenó el 5.41 por ciento de los casos. El 91.9 por ciento fue diagnosticado en etapa catarral flegmonosa, lo que favorece una mejor evolución de los pacientes