Subject(s)
Adoption/psychology , Depressive Disorder/nursing , Family Therapy , Parent-Child Relations , Parents/psychology , Adaptation, Psychological , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child of Impaired Parents/psychology , Child, Preschool , Depressive Disorder/diagnosis , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Female , Health Services Needs and Demand , Health Surveys , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Two closely related species of Drosophila, D. simulans and D. mauritiana, differ markedly in morphology of the posterior lobe of the male genital arch. Both size and shape aspects of lobe variation can be quantified by a morphometric descriptor based on elliptical Fourier and principal components analyses. The genetic architecture of this quantitative trait (PC1) was investigated by hybridizing inbred lines to produce two backcross populations approximately 200 individuals each, which were analyzed jointly by a composite interval mapping procedure with the aid of 18 marker loci. The parental lines show a large difference in PC1 (30.4 environmental standard deviations), and the markers account for > 80% of the phenotypic variation in backcross populations. Eight of 15 intervals analyzed show convincing evidence of quantitative trait loci (QTL), and the range of estimated QTL effects is 5.7-15.9% of the parental difference (1.7-4.8 environmental standard deviations). These estimates may represent the joint effects of multiple QTL within a single interval (which averaged 23 cM in length). Although there is some evidence of partial dominance of mauritiana alleles and for epistasis, the pattern of inheritance is largely additive.
Subject(s)
Drosophila/anatomy & histology , Drosophila/genetics , Animals , Base Sequence , Crosses, Genetic , DNA Primers , Female , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Male , Molecular Sequence DataABSTRACT
Dental professionals attending the annual meeting of the College of Dental Surgeons of British Columbia in June 1990 were involved in a survey to assess the prevalence of infection with Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Human Immunodeficiency viruses, the acceptance of vaccination for protection against Hepatitis B virus, and the compliance with infection control guidelines. Participation was voluntary and anonymous and required completion of a questionnaire and donation of a blood sample. Four hundred one of 1,995 convention attendees participated. Fourteen were found to have markers of Hepatitis B infection; 13 had antibodies to both Hepatitis B surface antigen and Hepatitis B core antigen, and one was positive for Hepatitis B surface antigen. One individual had markers for both Hepatitis C and Hepatitis B viruses. None tested positive for antibody to Human Immunodeficiency virus. Vaccination against Hepatitis B virus was reported overall by 67 percent of the participants, but dentists and hygienists had a higher rate of vaccination (82 percent and 81 percent, respectively) when compared to dental assistants (41 percent; P less than .001). Acceptance of infection control procedures was high, with 92 percent of participants reporting use of gloves for all patients and 82 percent reporting use of masks and eye protection.
Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Dental Staff , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/epidemiology , Infection Control/statistics & numerical data , British Columbia/epidemiology , HIV Infections/diagnosis , HIV Infections/prevention & control , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/diagnosis , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/prevention & control , HumansABSTRACT
The role of the family physician in the identification and management of the hearing-impaired child is often misunderstood. This paper presents the family doctor's point of view, and explains some of the difficulties which that professional has in dealing with the hearing-impaired child.
Subject(s)
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/congenital , Child, Preschool , Deafness/congenital , Family Practice , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Language Development , Referral and Consultation , RiskABSTRACT
Hearing loss in infants has severe, lifelong consequences. The critical period for speech and language development is from birth to age two, so every effort must be made to diagnose hearing problems early. Several simple screening and testing procedures can be carried out in a normal office visit. The use of a 'high risk registry' is advocated for newborns. Parents are usually the first to suspect a problem. Believe the parents... get the child tested.
