ABSTRACT
The stereology work on the hepatocyte smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and mitochondria was performed in order to bring evidence of changes in the hepatocyte ultrastructure during acute ethylene glycol poisoning. Hepatocytes of Wistar rats were examined 1, 5, and 14 days after acute intoxication. On the ground of measurements made with a computer image analysis system, the following stereological parameters, which characterize the examined organelles, were calculated: volume density of the SER cisterns, surface density of the SER membranes, numerical density of the mitochondria and volume density of mitochondria. It has been stated that on the first day after intoxication proliferation of SER takes place, and this shows active participation of smooth reticulum enzymes in the metabolism of ethylene glycol. The decrease of SER quantity on 5th and 14th day after intoxication may probably be the result of synthesis handicap of structural proteins. The decrease of mitochondria indexes during the 1st day can be the result of considerable sensibility of those organelles to toxic action of ethylene glycol metabolites and metabolite acidosis being the result of intoxication. The progressive increase of mitochondria quantity on the 5th and 14th day shows that gradually the compensatory mechanisms are initiated.
Subject(s)
Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth/drug effects , Ethylene Glycols/poisoning , Mitochondria, Liver/drug effects , Acute Disease , Animals , Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth/ultrastructure , Ethylene Glycol , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Mitochondria, Liver/ultrastructure , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
The ultrastructure of rat hepatocytes after acute experimental ethylene glycol poisoning was examined. On the 1st, 5th and 14th days after poisoning the material from the centrolobular zone (zone III) was collected. Proliferation and enlargement of SER at the early period of poisoning and evidence of mitochondrial damage both at the early and late time after ethylene glycol intoxication were found. In the liver extensive capillary deposits surrounded by membranes were seen, filled with flocculent material of middle electron density. The results show destruction of the cytoplasmic organelles, especially mitochondria, on the 1st and 5th days after ethylene glycol intoxication, and symptoms of damage removing together with regeneration on the 15th day of the experiment.
Subject(s)
Ethylene Glycols/toxicity , Liver/drug effects , Liver/ultrastructure , Animals , Cells, Cultured , Drug Administration Schedule , Ethylene Glycol , Ethylene Glycols/administration & dosage , Liver/cytology , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Time FactorsABSTRACT
ECG records were analysed in rabbits and rats administered with Intration. Similarly, analysed were ECG records in the animals which, apart from the insecticide, received PAM and Toxobidin. On administration of the pesticide, cardiasthenia and lowered tension of R and R waves, prolonged duration of PQ segments and QT intervals were found. In addition, some animals exhibited the first-degree a-v block and second-degree block in the form of Wencke-bach's period. On administration of PAM and Toxobidin ECG curve elements were largely normalized. This implies that some of the ECG impairments are reversible, which may be accounted for by inhibition and reactivation of AChE and AhE. On the other hand, ECG records did not demonstrate myocardial necrosis in pesticide-poisoned patients.
Subject(s)
Arrhythmias, Cardiac/chemically induced , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/poisoning , Hydrolases/metabolism , Lysosomes/enzymology , Organophosphate Poisoning , Organothiophosphorus Compounds/poisoning , Acute Disease , Animals , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/enzymology , Electrocardiography , Enzyme Activation/drug effects , Insecticides , Organothiophosphates , Rabbits , RatsABSTRACT
Pathomorphological changes of the cardiac muscle of experimental rabbits and rats intoxicated with Intration were traced. Diffuse ischaemic lesions such as the presence of large quantities of mitochondria, contraction nodes and droplet necrosis were observed. These lesions result: from the toxic effect of pesticides on myocytes and inhibition of cholinesterases as well as from nonphysiologically great activity of lysosome enzymex which are also responsible for necrotic lesions in the cardiac muscle. Excessively high PAM doses administered to animals intoxicated with pesticide result in lesions in the cardiac muscle of rabbits and rats which are greater than after administering an insectide alone. Toxobidin, a multi-function compound, doses not possess such negative properties as PAM.
Subject(s)
Endomyocardial Fibrosis/chemically induced , Insecticides/poisoning , Myocardium/pathology , Organophosphate Poisoning , Organothiophosphorus Compounds/poisoning , Oximes/therapeutic use , Animals , Cholinesterase Inhibitors , Cholinesterase Reactivators , Endomyocardial Fibrosis/drug therapy , Endomyocardial Fibrosis/pathology , Male , Microscopy, Electron , Myocardium/enzymology , Myocardium/ultrastructure , Organothiophosphates/antagonists & inhibitors , Rabbits , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
In the blood of rabbits and rats poisoned with Intration, after 1, 3, 6 and 10 days of the experiment activities of AChE and ChE as well as those of beta-GR, AcP, AP and KT were checked. In addition, in the cardiac muscle, kidneys and liver, marker lysosomal hydrolases, i.e. beta-GR and AcP were determined. A long-standing reduction in the activities of AChE and ChE and increase in the activities in the concentrations of nonphysiologically great lysosomal hydrolases and AP were noted. A correlation between the inhibition of cholinesterase and organic lesions was found. Lysosomal enzymes share the responsibility for the necrotic process or rabbits' and rats' cardiac muscles. The use of oximes (PAM and Toxobidine) considerably contributed to reactivation of AChE and ChE and to normalization of the test marker enzymes.
Subject(s)
Cholinesterases/metabolism , Hydrolases/metabolism , Insecticides/poisoning , Kidney/enzymology , Liver/enzymology , Myocardium/enzymology , Organophosphate Poisoning , Organothiophosphorus Compounds/poisoning , Animals , Cholinesterase Inhibitors , Hydrolases/antagonists & inhibitors , Kidney/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Male , Organothiophosphates , Rabbits , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
The hearts of rabbits killed 24 hours after intoxication with Intration in the dose of LD50 and rabbits treated at the same time with PAM or atropine were studied pathomorphologically. Twenty-four hours after administration of Intration toxic lesions of the myocardium and endocardium were observed, which were more pronounced in rabbits treated simultaneously with the detoxifying agents as compared with those which received only Intration. The intensity of the changes was due to overdosage of the detoxifying agents, especially PAM which was particularly harmful.
