Correlation between physical examination and intraoperative findings in shoulder disease treated by arthroscopy. Statistical analysis of 150 patients. / Correlación entre la exploración física y los hallazgos intraoperatorios de patología de hombro tratada mediante artroscopia. Análisis estadístico de 150 pacientes.

INTRODUCTION: Only a few clinical exploratory manoeuvres are truly discriminatory and useful in shoulder disease. The aim of this study is to correlate the physical examination results of the shoulder with the true diagnosis found by arthroscopy. METHODS: A retrospective case series of 150 patients with the most common surgical conditions of the shoulder. Data were collected on the suspicion of each pathology, the physical examination of the patient, and the actual discovery of the disease during arthroscopic surgery. RESULTS: The Bankart examination manoeuvres of the lesion show the best results, with a 92.1% positive prediction value (PPV), a 99.1% negative predictive value (NPV), followed by the impingement syndrome, with a PPV of 94.4%, and total cuff rupture with a PPV of 92.3%.Exploration of the superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesion had an NPV of 99.1%. CONCLUSION: Physical examination is sufficient to diagnose or rule out Bankart. A positive physical examination provides the complete rupture of the rotator cuff, and requires further studies. The patients suspected of subacromial syndrome only need an NMR if the physical tests are negative. The conclusions drawn from this work can have a significant impact on both cost savings (by reducing forward tests), and saving time in certain cases in which, after appropriate physical examination, surgery may be indicated without losing time in intermediate steps.

Fractura abierta del antebrazo con pérdida de sustancia ósea por airbag en un niño de 12 años / Airbag-induced open forearm fracture with bone loss in a 12-year-old child

Objetivo: Se presenta una lesión poco frecuente en un pasajero de edad pediátrica y su mecanismo de acción. Caso clínico: Varón de 12 años que viajaba en el asiento delantero derecho en un vehículo todoterreno que se vio involucrado en un accidente de circulación, y por el que sufrió una fractura abierta grado IIIB del cúbito y el radio derechos con pérdida de sustancia ósea de éste último. Discusión: No se conoce otro caso similar que se haya publicado en la bibliografía médica. La lesión que se presenta es infrecuente en un pasajero de un vehículo y excepcional en pacientes de edad pediátrica. Conclusiones: El despliegue del airbag puede salvar una vida, pero es un acontecimiento violento que pone en riesgo la vida de los niños. La posibilidad de tener lesiones por airbag no se debe infravalorar; deben adoptarse las medidas oportunas, además de investigar más profundamente el tema para evitar estas lesions (AU)

Purpose: To report on an unusual type of injury for a pediatric patient and describe its probable mechanism. Clinical case: A 12-year old male traveling in the right front seat of a 4-wheel drive vehicle that was involved in a road accident and sustained an open grade IIb right ulna and radius fracture with bone loss in the latter. Discussion: We do not know of any other case like this in the literature. The injury we present is not only unusual for a passenger in a vehicle, but is – in our view – also exceptional in pediatric patients. Conclusions: Life-saving as it can be, airbag deployment is a violent occurrence that can threaten a child's life. The possibility of sustaining airbag-induced injuries must not be underestimated. Such injuries should be prevented by taking appropriate prevention measures and by conducting further research into the subject (AU)