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1.
Farm Hosp ; 38(3): 223-6, 2014 May 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24951907

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess causes of suspension of hepatitis C treatment in patients receiving triple antiviral therapy (peginterferon+ ribavirin + protease inhibitor). METHODS: Retrospective observational study of patients who received triple antiretroviral therapy against hepatitis C between January 2012 - March 2013 and discontinued their treatment. RESULTS: Of 156 patients who initiated therapy, 41 discontinued treatment: Nineteen due to adverse events, being dermatological events in seven patients ( 36.8 %), intolerance in six(31.6%) and hematologic toxicity in four (15.8%) . Sixteen patients discontinued treatment for being ineffectiveness.Patients with higher inefficacy failure rate were "null-responders"(32.3% ) while the group of "relapsers" were the one with the highest rate of toxicity suspensions (15.6%). Two patients died during treatment for pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: Triple therapy with boceprevir and telaprevir is associated with a significant number of treatment failures due to toxicity and ineffectiveness.


Objetivo: Evaluar las causas de suspensión de tratamientofrente a Hepatitis C que reciben triple terapia antiviral (peginterferon+ ribavirina + inhibidor de proteasa).Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes queiniciaron triple terapia antiviral entre enero 2012 - marzo 2013y suspendieron el tratamiento antes de completar el mismo.Resultados: De 156 pacientes que iniciaron triple terapia, 41interrumpieron el tratamiento: Diecinueve por toxicidad, siendodermatológica en siete pacientes (36,8%), intolerancia en seis(31,6%) y hematológica en cuatro (15,8%). Dieciséis pacientessuspendieron todo el tratamiento por ineficacia. El grupo depacientes con mayor porcentaje de fracasos por ineficacia fueronlos "no respondedores" (32,3%) mientras que el grupo depacientes "recidivantes" fueron el grupo con mayor porcentajede suspensiones por toxicidad (15,6%). Dos pacientes fallecierondurante el tratamiento por neumonía.Conclusiones: La triple terapia frente a VHC está asociada a unnúmero importante de fracasos terapéuticos tanto por toxicidadcomo por ineficacia.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/adverse effects , Hepatitis C/drug therapy , Withholding Treatment , Adult , Aged , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Combinations , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Failure
2.
Farm. hosp ; 38(3): 223-226, mayo-jun. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-125348

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar las causas de suspensión de tratamient of rente a Hepatitis C que reciben triple terapia antiviral (pegin-terferon + ribavirina + inhibidor de proteasa).Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes que iniciaron triple terapia antiviral entre enero 2012 - marzo 2013y suspendieron el tratamiento antes de completar el mismo. Resultados: De 156 pacientes que iniciaron triple terapia, 41interrumpieron el tratamiento: Diecinueve por toxicidad, siendo dermatológica en siete pacientes (36,8%), intolerancia en seis(31,6%) y hematológica en cuatro (15,8%). Dieciséis pacientes suspendieron todo el tratamiento por ineficacia. El grupo de pacientes con mayor porcentaje de fracasos por ineficacia fueron los "no respondedores" (32,3%) mientras que el grupo de pacientes "recidivantes" fueron el grupo con mayor porcentaje de suspensiones por toxicidad (15,6%). Dos pacientes fallecieron durante el tratamiento por neumonía. Conclusiones: La triple terapia frente a VHC está asociada a un número importante de fracasos terapéuticos tanto por toxicidad como por ineficacia


Objective: To assess causes of suspension of hepatitis C treatment in patients receiving triple antiviral therapy (peginterferon+ ribavirin + protease inhibitor).Methods: Retrospective observational study of patients who recived triple antiretroviral therapy agaisnst hepatitis C between January 2012 - March 2013 and discontinued their treatment. Results: Of 156 patients who initiated therapy, 41 discontinued treatment: Nineteen due to adverse events, being dermatological events in seven patients ( 36.8 %), intolerance in six(31.6%) and hematologic toxicity in four (15.8%) . Sixteen patients discontinued treatment for beeing ineffectiveness. Patients with higher inefficacy failure rate were "null-responders" (32.3% ) while the group of "relapsers" were the one with the highest rate of toxicity suspensions (15.6%). Two patients died during treatment for pneumonia. Conclusions: Triple therapy with boceprevir and telaprevir is associated with a significant number of treatment failures due to toxicity and ineffectiveness (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Withholding Treatment , /prevention & control , Interferon-alpha/administration & dosage , Ribavirin/administration & dosage , Protease Inhibitors/administration & dosage
3.
Neurología (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 29(5): 257-260, jun. 2014.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-122908

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La espasticidad es un síntoma muy frecuente entre los pacientes con esclerosis múltiple (EM). El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar la efectividad y la seguridad de la combinación de delta-9-tetrahidrocannabinol (THC) y cannabidiol (CBD) en la práctica clínica del tratamiento de la espasticidad en EM. Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo con los pacientes tratados con THC/CBD inhalado de abril del 2008 a marzo del 2012. Se recogieron variables descriptivas de paciente y tratamiento. La respuesta se evaluó mediante impresión global de respuesta terapéutica analizada por el médico. Resultados: Cincuenta y seis pacientes iniciaron tratamiento, 6 fueron excluidos por falta de datos. Se evaluó a 50 pacientes (42% hombres), mediana de edad 47,8 años, el 38% de ellos diagnosticados de EM primaria progresiva, el 44% de EM secundaria progresiva y el 18% de EM remitente recurrente. El motivo de prescripción fue espasticidad (44%), dolor (10%) o ambos (46%). Se suspendió tratamiento en 16 pacientes por inefectividad (7 pacientes), abandono (4) y efectos adversos (5). La mediana de tiempo de exposición de los pacientes que suspendieron tratamiento fue 30 días y 174 días para los que continuaban tratamiento al final del estudio. THC/CBD fue efectivo en un 80% de pacientes, con dosis mediana de 5 (2-10) pulverizaciones/ día. El perfil de efectos adversos fue: mareo (11 pacientes), somnolencia (6), debilidad muscular (7), molestias bucales (2), diarrea (3), sequedad de boca (2), visión borrosa (2), agitación (1), náuseas (1), ideas paranoides (1). Conclusiones: THC/CBD se muestra como una buena alternativa al tratamiento habitual mejorando la espasticidad refractaria en la EM con perfil de toxicidad aceptable


Introduction: Spasticity is a common symptom among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of the combination of delta- 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) in clinical practice for the treatment of spasticity in MS. Methods: Retrospective observational study with patients treated with inhaled THC/CBD between April 2008 and March 2012. Descriptive patient and treatment variables were collected. Therapeutic response was evaluated based on the doctor’s analysis and overall impression. Results: Of the 56 patients who started treatment with THC/CBD, 6 were excluded because of missing data.We evaluated 50 patients (42% male) with a median age 47.8 years (25.6-76.8); 38% were diagnosed with primary progressive MS, 44% with secondary progressive MS, and 18% with relapsing-remitting MS. The reason for prescribing the drug was spasticity (44%), pain (10%), or both (46%). Treatment was discontinued in 16 patients because of ineffectiveness (7 patients), withdrawal (4), and adverse effects (5). The median exposure time in patients whose treatment was discontinued was 30 days vs 174 days in those whose treatment continued at the end of thestudy. THC/CBD was effective in 80% of patients at a median dose of 5 (2-10) inhalations/day. The adverse event profile consisted of dizziness (11 patients), somnolence (6), muscle weakness (7), oral discomfort (2), diarrhoea (3), dry mouth (2), blurred vision (2), agitation (1), nausea (1), and paranoid ideation (1). Conclusions: THC/CBD appears to be a good alternative to standard treatment as it improves refractory spasticity in MS and has an acceptable toxicity profile


Subject(s)
Humans , Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy , Muscle Spasticity/drug therapy , Cannabinoids/pharmacokinetics , Effectiveness , Retrospective Studies , Dronabinol/pharmacokinetics , Cannabidiol/pharmacokinetics
4.
Ann Pharmacother ; 48(5): 660-2, 2014 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24604921

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVE: To report a case of a woman in whom alopecia appeared after several months of treatment with anidulafungin. CASE SUMMARY: A 34-year-old woman with chronic femoral osteomyelitis with the presence of persistent suppuration, developed a Candida albicans infection, isolated in the fistula exudate cultures. After initial failures of single therapy with azoles, it was decided to administer fluconazole and anidulafungin 100 mg/d. One month after starting the treatment, the patient mentioned a greater hair loss than usual. At 3 months, the patient stopped taking the drug on noting the loss and easy falling out of her hair, with alopecia plaques 1 to 2 cm in size. At 2 months after stopping the anidulafungin, it was decided to restart combined antifungal treatment using micafungin and fluconazole; there was no mention of new or greater loss of hair. It was decided to change micafungin to anidulafungin again 90 days after starting treatment. In the first month of treatment, there appeared to be a reactivation in hair loss that later stabilized and improved. DISCUSSION: Drug-induced hair loss is an adverse reaction that has been identified during different hair growth phases. It has been described for the azoles group and has not been associated with candins until now. Results of the causality analysis, using the probability scale established by Naranjo, found the relationship as probable. CONCLUSIONS: Anidulafungin could be associated with hair loss. Physicians must be aware of this adverse effect in order to approach it properly and to detect possible nonadherence to treatment.


Subject(s)
Alopecia/chemically induced , Antifungal Agents/adverse effects , Candidiasis/drug therapy , Echinocandins/adverse effects , Adult , Anidulafungin , Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage , Drug Therapy, Combination , Echinocandins/administration & dosage , Female , Fluconazole/administration & dosage , Humans , Lipopeptides/administration & dosage , Micafungin
5.
Farm Hosp ; 38(1): 30-7, 2014 Jan 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24483857

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Protease inhibitors, boceprevir and telaprevir, have changed the treatment paradigm of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). The objective is analyzing the degree of compliance with the recommendations for boceprevir and telaprevir use that have been issued for the Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health Products in patients with CHC on a tertiary hospital. METHOD: All patients who started treatment with triple therapy between March and September 2012 were included. Compliance the initiation criteria were assessed and whether the rules of discontinuation due to ineffectiveness were made. RESULTS: 76 patients, 24 treated with boceprevir and 52 with telaprevir were included. In 11 patients (14.5%) triple therapy was initiated without keeping the Spanish Agency criteria, 6 were monoinfected patients and 4 with liver transplantation. In the group of boceprevir viral load (VL) at 12th week of treatment in 19 patients was measured (79.2%) and in 13 patients at 24th week (61.9 %). For telaprevir VL at week 4 the in 48 patients was determined (92.3%), at week 12 in 45 (91.8%) and at week 24 in 42 patients (93.3%). In all patients that the VL was determined its outcome was linked with the treatment continuation or not. CONCLUSIONS: In most patients (80.3%) start and suspension requirements for triple therapy were kept. There is leeway for action and improvement that requires the involvement of all the acting agents.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Oligopeptides/therapeutic use , Proline/analogs & derivatives , Adult , Aged , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Guideline Adherence , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Proline/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome
6.
Farm. hosp ; 38(1): 30-37, ene.-feb. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-125294

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los inhibidores de la proteasa, boceprevir y tela-previr, han modificado el paradigma del tratamiento de la hepa-titis C crónica (HCC). El objetivo es analizar el grado de cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de la Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS) para la utilización de boceprevir y telaprevir en pacientes con HCC en un hospital de tercer nivel. MÉTODO: Se incluyeron todos los pacientes que iniciaron tratamiento con triple terapia entre marzo y septiembre de 2012. Seanalizó si se cumplieron los criterios de inicio de tratamientoestablecidos por la AEMPS y se determinó si se efectuaban lasreglas de suspensión del tratamiento por inefectividad. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 76 pacientes, 24 tratados con boce-previr y 52 con telaprevir. En 11 pacientes (14,5%) se inició triple terapia sin cumplir los criterios de la AEMPS, 6 monoinfec-tados y 4 trasplantados de hígado. En el grupo de bocepreviren la semana 12 de tratamiento se cuantificó la carga viral (CV)en 19 pacientes (79,2%) y en la 24 en 13 pacientes (61,9%). En el de telaprevir en la semana 4 la CV se determinó en 48 pacientes (92,3%), en la semana 12 a 45 (91,8%) y en la 24 a 42 (93,3%). En todos los que se determinó la CV su resultado vinculó la continuación o no del tratamiento. CONCLUSIONES: En la mayoría de los pacientes (80,3%) se cumplen tanto los requisitos de inicio de triple terapia como los desuspensión. Existe un margen de mejora que necesita la implicación de todos los agentes actuantes


INTRODUCTION: Protease inhibitors, boceprevir and telaprevir, havechanged the treatment paradigm of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). The objective is analyzing the degree of compliance with therecommendations for boceprevir and telaprevir use that havebeen issued for the Spanish Agency for Medicines and HealthProducts in patients with CHC on a tertiary hospital. METHOD: All patients who started treatment with triple therapybetween March and September 2012 were included. Compliance the initiation criteria were assessed and whether the rulesof discontinuation due to ineffectiveness were made. RESULTS: 76 patients, 24 treated with boceprevir and 52 with telaprevir were included. In 11 patients (14.5%) triple therapy was initiated without keeping the Spanish Agency criteria, 6 were monoinfected patients and 4 with liver transplantation. In the group of boceprevir viral load (VL) at 12th week of treatment in 19 patients was measured (79.2%) and in 13 patients at 24th week (61.9 %). For telaprevir VL at week 4 the in 48 patients was determined (92.3%), at week 12 in 45 (91.8%) and at week 24 in 42 patients (93.3%). In all patients that the VL was determined its outcome was linked with the treatment continuation or not. CONCLUSIONS: In most patients (80.3%) start and suspension requirements for triple therapy were kept. There is leeway for action and improvement that requires the involvement of all the acting agents


Subject(s)
Humans , Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Hepacivirus/pathogenicity , Patient Safety/standards , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Risk Factors
7.
Neurologia ; 29(5): 257-60, 2014 Jun.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24035293

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Spasticity is a common symptom among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of the combination of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) in clinical practice for the treatment of spasticity in MS. METHODS: Retrospective observational study with patients treated with inhaled THC/CBD between April 2008 and March 2012. Descriptive patient and treatment variables were collected. Therapeutic response was evaluated based on the doctor's analysis and overall impression. RESULTS: Of the 56 patients who started treatment with THC/CBD, 6 were excluded because of missing data. We evaluated 50 patients (42% male) with a median age 47.8 years (25.6-76.8); 38% were diagnosed with primary progressive MS, 44% with secondary progressive MS, and 18% with relapsing-remitting MS. The reason for prescribing the drug was spasticity (44%), pain (10%), or both (46%). Treatment was discontinued in 16 patients because of ineffectiveness (7 patients), withdrawal (4), and adverse effects (5). The median exposure time in patients whose treatment was discontinued was 30 days vs 174 days in those whose treatment continued at the end of the study. THC/CBD was effective in 80% of patients at a median dose of 5 (2-10) inhalations/day. The adverse event profile consisted of dizziness (11 patients), somnolence (6), muscle weakness (7), oral discomfort (2), diarrhoea (3), dry mouth (2), blurred vision (2), agitation (1), nausea (1), and paranoid ideation (1). CONCLUSIONS: THC/CBD appears to be a good alternative to standard treatment as it improves refractory spasticity in MS and has an acceptable toxicity profile.


Subject(s)
Cannabidiol/therapeutic use , Dronabinol/therapeutic use , Muscle Spasticity/drug therapy , Pain/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/therapeutic use , Cannabidiol/adverse effects , Dronabinol/adverse effects , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , Muscle Spasticity/etiology , Pain/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
8.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 27(4): 249-251, abr. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-24293

ABSTRACT

Varón de 33 años de edad, que ingresó en nuestro centro 5 h después de ingerir, por error, 3 g de cloroquina base. Refería la aparición, desde una hora después de la ingesta, de visión borrosa, debilidad e inestabilidad. A su ingreso, en la exploración física destacaba una presión arterial de 80/50 mmHg, con un estado neurológico normal. En la analítica se apreció una discreta hipertransaminasemia, con un potasio en plasma de 3,5 mEq/l. En el electrocardiograma existía un ritmo sinusal a 75 lat/min y complejos QRS de 0,12 s, con un intervalo QT alargado (0,48 s). El paciente ingresó en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI), iniciándose tratamiento con carbón activado por sonda nasogástrica, diuresis forzada y magnesio y bicarbonato intravenosos, y permaneció en esta UCI durante un período de 48 h. No precisó ventilación mecánica, aminas ni reposición de potasio. La intoxicación por cloroquina a una dosis superior a 30 mg/kg es potencialmente letal. En pocas horas aparecen inestabilidad hemodinámica grave, alteraciones de la conducción, arritmias ventriculares y apnea, habiéndose descrito fallecimientos a la hora de haber ingerido la sustancia (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Male , Humans , Chloroquine/poisoning , Hypokalemia/etiology , Hemodynamics
9.
Farm. hosp ; 26(1): 13-17, ene. 2002. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-10643

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la interacción in vitro de una solución de fenitoína sódica y diferentes fórmulas dietéticas artificiales para nutrición enteral, así como con cada uno de los substratos de estas fórmulas de manera aislada. Para ello se expuso una solución de fenitoína sódica con las diferentes fórmulas para nutrición enteral durante 24 horas y a 25 °C y con los substratos puros durante 3 horas. Los resultados muestran una menor recuperación en aquellas fórmulas con mayor contenido proteico y una mayor recuperación en los preparados con fibra. Aparecen diferencias significativas entre la recuperación en el blanco y la recuperación en el preparado hiperproteico y estándar a las 1,5 horas de exposición y existe una correlación negativa significativa a tiempo 0 entre la recuperación de fenitoína y el contenido proteico de las fórmulas. En el estudio aislado de los substratos, la caseína y los ácidos grasos son los que muestran una menor recuperación de fenitoina a las 3 horas de exposición. De este estudio podemos concluir que existe una interacción in vitro entre las proteínas de las fórmulas dietéticas artificiales para nutrición enteral y la fenitoína, que la fibra parece tener un efecto protector sin distinción entre fibra soluble o insoluble y que los iones calcio y magnesio no interaccionan in vitro con la fenitoína (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Phenytoin/pharmacokinetics , Phenytoin/administration & dosage , Enteral Nutrition , Dietetics , Food-Drug Interactions/physiology
10.
Farm. hosp ; 25(6): 332-337, nov. 2001. graf, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-8381

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar las causas que motivaron las intoxicaciones por carbamazepina registradas por el servicio de farmacia de un hospital general durante un periodo de cinco años. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de 57 pacientes (69 episodios) atendidos en el hospital del 01-01-1995 al 01-06-2000 y a los que se les había determinado en el servicio de farmacia concentraciones plasmáticas de carbamazepina superiores a 12 mcg/mL. Resultados: En total se registraron 69 episodios correspondientes a 57 pacientes. Los síntomas y/o signos oscilaron desde mareo y ataxia hasta pérdida de conciencia. Las concentraciones plasmáticas determinadas se situaron entre 12 y 40 mcg/mL. Las causas halladas de intoxicación por carbamazepina fueron las siguientes: 1) Intento de autolisis: 13 pacientes (21 episodios) que tomaron desde 1,2 a 16 gramos de carbamazepina. 2) Aumento de la semivida biológica: 17 pacientes. La semivida biológica estimada para estos pacientes osciló entre 23,7 y 38,6 horas (valor medio poblacional: 16,2 horas). 3) Inicio de tratamiento: 13 pacientes (15 episodios). 4) Toma de dosis adicionales por parte del paciente con la intención de aliviar la enfermedad: 10 pacientes (12 episodios). 5) Dosis prescrita por el médico muy alta: 3 pacientes tenían prescritas dosis de 24, 30 y 30 mg/kg/día. 6) Reducción del volumen de distribución: 1 paciente con un volumen de distribución estimado de 1,05 L/kg (valor medio poblacional: 1,4 L/kg).Discusión: Se han hallado seis causas que pueden provocar en mayor o menor grado toxicidad por carbamazepina. De todas ellas el intento de autolisis es la más importante y la que tiene peores consecuencias (AU)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Carbamazepine/blood , Carbamazepine/poisoning , Anticonvulsants/poisoning , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Suicide, Attempted
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