[Recurrent and residual echinococcosis]. / Retsidivnyi i rezidual'nyi ékhinokokkoz.

The authors studied 271 (14.3%) patients with recurrent echinococcosis among 1,924 examined patients who had undergone operation. They claim that recurrences should not be divided into true and false. A careful study of recurrences after operation, their localization, provides evidence for regarding that 6.9% had primary-multiple, combined, and disseminated affections. Residual echinococcosis occurred in 6.1 per cent of the patients. Subsequent adequate operations cure the patients.

[Clinico-morphological basis of selection of the methods of treatment of echinococcosis of the abdominal organs and retro- peritoneal space]. / KLiniko-morfologicheskie obosnovaniia v vybore metoda lecheniia ékhinokokkoza organov briushnoi polosti i zabvriushinnogo prostranstva.

The work is based on the analysis of surgical treatment of 2,985 patients with hydatid diseases of the organs of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space. The character of the operative intervention is determined by the period of hydatid vital activity, its size, and the features of its localization within the organ. The authors identified the following periods of hydatid vital activity: living parasite, dead parasite; complicated echinococcosis. Organ preserving operations are indicated in subcortical localization of the hydatid in the liver, in one of the poles of the spleen and in the kidney when the fibrous capsule is well preserved. Splenectomy or nephrectomy must be carried out in large and giant hydatids of the spleen and kidney localized in the organ or in its hilus and in irreversible changes in the organ. Open echinococcectomy is indicated in suppuration of large hydatids in the subdiaphragmatic space in occasional cases.

[Laboratory and instrumental diagnosis of echinococcosis during conducting mass screening and surgical treatment]. / Laboratornaia i instrumental'naia diagnostika ékhinokokkoza pri provedenii dispanserizatsii i khirurgicheskom lechenii.

In the course of 15 years the authors conducted a comprehensive examination of over 13,000 patients for establishing the diagnosis and surgical treatment of hydatid disease; among these patients there were more than 3,000 who underwent operation, 1,280 who were examined for recurrence of the disease, and 5,000 who were subjected to periodical medical examination. The enzyme immunoassay and indirect hemagglutination test are the most reliable in the diagnosis of primary and recurrent hydatid disease and in periodical examination; the latex fixation test remains false-positive (16.9%) up to 3 years. Combination of laboratory and instrumental methods (computed tomography, ultrasonic examination, scanning and multi-view X-ray examination) makes it possible to establish not only the topical diagnosis but also the state of the hydatids, which helps in the choice of the operative method.

[Clinico-morphological bases of the choice of surgical method in echinococcosis of the organs of the thoracic cavity]. / Kliniko-morfologicheskoe obosnovanie vybora metoda operatsii pri ékhinokokkoze organov grudnoi polosti.

The article deals with the treatment of 831 patients with echinococcosis of the lungs. It gives a clinico-morphological substantiation of surgical interventions in various conditions of the hydatid and in bilateral and multiple affection. Combined involvement of the heart, diaphragm, pleura is a casuistry.

[Comparative evaluation of specific laboratory methods of diagnosing echinococcosis]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka spetsificheskikh laboratornykh metodov diagnostiki ékhinokokkovoi bolezni.

On the basis of a considerable material the authors make an evaluation of complex diagnostics of hydatid Echinococcosis of various localizations with the help of Casoni reactions, latex agglutination, double gel diffusion and indirect hemagglutination. The Casoni reaction is considered to be most reliable and simple among specific methods of diagnostics of Echinococcosis. It gave good results in mass prophylactic examinations of the population. The immunological methods of diagnostics of hydatid Echinococcosis are most reliable, the reaction of indirect hemagglutination having the greatest resolving power.

[Various problems of recurrence in echinococcosis]. / Nekotorye problemy retsidivov ekhinokokkovoi bolezni.

Complex experimental and morpho-laboratory examinations of 164 patients and 30 animals have shown the daughter bullas implanted into the liver tissue of animals to perish, the cavity being substituted by the connective tissue. In patients with Echinococcosis with the live parasite, suppuration or calcification scolexes were not found or died. In cases with the dead parasite and the destroyed cuticular membrane scolexes could be found in the fibrous capsule cavity and outside its limits. This fact should be taken into consideration when choosing the operative method.

[Complications of surgical treatment of echinococcosis of the liver]. / Oslozhneniie pri khirurgicheskom lechenii ékhinokokkoza pecheni.

Under analysis were postoperative complications in 250 out of 1187 patients operated for hydatid echinococcosis of the liver. It was shown that the right choice of the access and the rational method of treatment could prevent complications and lethality after operations. The method of choice is believed to be a one-step closed echinococcectomy with different modifications.

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of echinococcosis of the heart and pericardium]. / Diagnostika i khirurgicheskoe lechenie ékhinokokkoza serdtsa i perikarda.

Analysis of 9 observations of echinococcosis of the heart and 5 echinococcosis of the pericardium has shown the primary echinococcosis of the heart and pericardium to be a rare case (0,45%). Early death of parasites was observed in the heart followed by calcification and by self-healing. In patients presenting no complaints or objective disorders no operations are expedient. In a living cyst surgery (echinococcectomy) is indicated. With thinned walls of the heart operation should be accomplished by strengthening of the heart wall with pericardium or a diaphragm flap after B. V. Petrovski.

[Relapses in echinococcal disease]. / Retsidivy ékhinokokkovoi bolezni.

The incidence of echinococcus disease recurrences after the surgical treatment equals 16,1% including 2,2% of true recurrences and 13,9% of pseudorecurrences. The cause of pseudorecurrences is an associated and primary-multiple injuries of organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities, dissemination due to spontaneous rupture of cysts or an improper technique of the operation. Since pseudorecurrences are more frequent, prophylaxis of recurrences of echinococcus is completely dependent on the quality of preoperative examinations, wide revision of organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities and observation of the operation technique undertaken to prevent dissemination of the operation zone.