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2.
PLoS One ; 11(2): e0148364, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26859885

ABSTRACT

Femicide, defined as the killings of females by males because they are females, is becoming recognized worldwide as an important ongoing manifestation of gender inequality. Despite its high prevalence or widespread prevalence, only a few countries have specific registries about this issue. This study aims to assemble expert opinion regarding the strategies which might feasibly be employed to promote, develop and implement an integrated and differentiated femicide data collection system in Europe at both the national and international levels. Concept mapping methodology was followed, involving 28 experts from 16 countries in generating strategies, sorting and rating them with respect to relevance and feasibility. The experts involved were all members of the EU-Cost-Action on femicide, which is a scientific network of experts on femicide and violence against women across Europe. As a result, a conceptual map emerged, consisting of 69 strategies organized in 10 clusters, which fit into two domains: "Political action" and "Technical steps". There was consensus among participants regarding the high relevance of strategies to institutionalize national databases and raise public awareness through different stakeholders, while strategies to promote media involvement were identified as the most feasible. Differences in perceived priorities according to the level of human development index of the experts' countries were also observed.


Subject(s)
Data Collection/methods , Expert Testimony , Homicide/statistics & numerical data , Europe , Female , Humans , Male , Sex Factors
3.
Violence Against Women ; 21(9): 1123-44, 2015 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26139693

ABSTRACT

This article examines the British media's construction of forced marriage (FM) as an urgent social problem in a context where other forms of violence against women are not similarly problematized. A detailed analysis of four British newspapers over a 10-year period demonstrates that media reporting of FM constitutes a moral panic in that it is constructed as a cultural problem that threatens Britain's social order rather than as a specific form of violence against women. Thus, the current problematization of FM restricts discursive spaces for policy debates and hinders attempts to respond to this problem as part of broader efforts to tackle violence against women.


Subject(s)
Coercion , Marriage/statistics & numerical data , Social Media/statistics & numerical data , Spouse Abuse/statistics & numerical data , Spouses/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Morals , Social Problems , Spouse Abuse/prevention & control , Spouses/psychology , United Kingdom , Women's Rights , Young Adult
4.
Sur, Rev. int. direitos human. (Impr.) ; 6(10): 28-51, jun. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-574976

ABSTRACT

O presente artigo identifica e analisa algumas das implicações teóricas ao tifipicar o estupro como crime internacional de genocídio, bem como sustenta que tal análise seja essencial para a criação de marcos mais claros para tratar da questão do estupro. Genocídio é definido como violação perpetrada contra grupos específicos. Em contrapartida, o estupro é conceitualizado como um crime contra a autonomia sexual de um indivíduo. Sendo assim, a definição do estupro como uma violação à liberdade sexual individual seria incompatível com a definição deste como uma violação contra todo um grupo, à semelhança do genocídio? A principal conclusão a que se chega neste artigo é que, se for possível estabelecer uma concepção abrangente de genocídio - capaz de englobar tanto a esfera individual, quanto coletiva - o estupro (quando tipificado como genocídio) pode ser compreendido como violação cometida tanto contra o indivíduo, quanto contra o grupo. Entretanto, estas duas esferas - individual e coletiva - nunca poderão ocupar o mesmo patamar, uma vez que a proteção de grupos humanos constitui a própria fundamentação da criminalização do genocídio. Ao relacionar o estupro à idéia de genocídio, concebido, situado e tratado como crime contra inúmeros grupos, seu cerne muda. Neste sentido, estupro não poderá mais ser compreendido como simples violação a um indivíduo - antes, torna-se parte de uma concepção desenvolvida para a proteção do grupo.


This article identifies and analyses some of the theoretical implications of rape being subsumed within the international crime of genocide and argues that such an analysis is essential for creating a clearer framework to address rape. Genocide is defined as a violation committed against particular groups. In contrast, rape is conceptualised as a violation of an individual's sexual autonomy. As such, can rape understood as a violation of an individual's sexual autonomy be compatible with rape being subsumed within the category of a group violation such as genocide? A key conclusion of this article is that if conceptual space can be created within the crime of genocide to include both the individual and the group, then rape (when categorised as genocide) can operate both as a violation against the group and as a violation against the individual. However, the space allotted to each of the individual and the group can never be equal; the group will always need to occupy the majority of the space, because the central motivation for viewing genocide as a crime is the survival of human groups. When rape is subsumed within genocide, which is conceived, placed and treated as a crime against enumerated groups, its dynamic changes. Rape is no longer simply a violation of an individual. Rape becomes part of a notion developed to protect the group.


Este artículo identifica y analiza algunas de las implicancias teóricas de subsumir el delito de violación en el crimen de genocidio y sostiene que este análisis es esencial para la creación de un marco más claro a fin de hacer frente a tal delito. El genocidio se define como una violación cometida en contra de determinados grupos. En cambio, el delito de violación es concebido como un atentado contra la autonomía sexual de una persona. Como tal, ¿puede el delito de violación, entendido como un ataque a la autonomía sexual de un individuo, ser compatible con el delito de violación subsumido dentro de la categoría de violaciones de derechos que afectan a un grupo como el genocidio? Una conclusión clave de este artículo es que si, dentro del espacio conceptual puede considerarse al delito de genocidio incluyendo tanto al individuo como al grupo, entonces, el delito de violación (tipificado como genocidio), puede funcionar tanto como una violación contra el grupo y como una contra el individuo. Sin embargo, el espacio asignado al individuo y al grupo nunca puede ser igual. El grupo siempre necesita ocupar la mayoría del espacio ya que la motivación central para considerar al genocidio como un crimen es la supervivencia de los grupos humanos. Cuando el delito de violación es subsumido en el de genocidio, el cual está concebido como un crimen contra determinados grupos, su dinámica cambia. El delito de violación ya no es simplemente la afectación a una persona sino que deviene como parte de un concepto desarrollado para proteger al grupo.

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