ABSTRACT
Infectious croup is a viral or bacterial syndrome characterized by a barking cough, hoarseness, and stridor. Three separate conditions will be discussed: laryngotracheobronchitis, spasmotic croup, and bacterial tracheitis. Each clinical entity will be defined and its treatment reviewed. Current treatment regimens for infectious croup involve various combinations of mist therapy, racemic epinephrine, corticosteroids, and syrup of ipecac. Tradition, rather than science, appears to be the basis of many of these treatments. Despite the frequent occurrence of infectious croup, no treatment has proved consistently successful. Prevention and better treatment methods are the keys for reducing the high cost of infectious croup to the medical care system.
Subject(s)
Croup , Laryngitis , Respiratory Tract Infections/complications , Bronchitis/diagnosis , Bronchitis/therapy , Croup/etiology , Croup/physiopathology , Croup/therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Laryngitis/diagnosis , Laryngitis/etiology , Laryngitis/physiopathology , Laryngitis/therapy , Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnosis , Tracheitis/diagnosis , Tracheitis/therapyABSTRACT
The technique which should be used for pediatric tracheotomy is controversial. The literature is reviewed regarding animal and human data, and our experience at Henry Ford Hospital with the flap technique is reported. Flap tracheotomy is believed to be a safe technique in children.
Subject(s)
Tracheotomy , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant , Intubation, Intratracheal , Male , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Risk , Time Factors , Tracheal Stenosis/etiology , Tracheotomy/adverse effects , Tracheotomy/methodsABSTRACT
The omocervical flap is recommended for replacement of neck skin involved with malignancy or radioecrosis, carotid artery protection, or closure of pharyngostomes. The flap is very strong and reliable. It has a permanent pedicle and can be turned without delay. It will reach beyond the midline. By using appropriate lateral positioning of the patient, neck surgery and flap transfer can be accomplished with minimum difficulty. This flap is recommended as an excellent functional and cosmetic flap for neck reconstruction.
Subject(s)
Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Neck/surgery , Shoulder/surgery , Surgical Flaps , Humans , Male , Methods , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Large cystic lesions of the maxillary sinus may initially manifest with malocclusion, cosmetic deformity, or both. Their origin may be odontogenic or nonodontogenic. Proper diagnosis of these cysts immeasurably aids in adequate (nonmutilating) treatment. A recent case of a calcifying and keratinizing odontogenic cyst that initially manifested as a facial mass exemplifies the need for adequate clinical and histological diagnosis to ensure appropriate treatment. Fewer than 35 cases have been reported since the original description in 1962.
Subject(s)
Maxillary Sinus/surgery , Odontogenic Cysts/surgery , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Calcinosis/pathology , Humans , Keratins , Male , Maxillary Sinus/pathology , Odontogenesis , Odontogenic Cysts/diagnosis , Odontogenic Cysts/pathology , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/diagnosis , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
In a double-blind retrospective analysis, sections of lymph nodes removed at the time of laryngectomy and homolateral neck dissection were microscopically examined to assess the histopathological manifestations of an immune response. Contrary to an earlier study, no strong correlation appears to exist between the host response as manifested by the lymphnode morphology and survival or metastases. The question of preoperative irradiation altering the lymph node's ability to respond effectively is raised and puts in jeopardy such a morphological assessment in patients who have received preoperative radiotherapy.
