ABSTRACT
Profanity, derived from the Latin for "not sacred," has long been seen as antithetical to spirituality. Social norms around organized religion, respectability, race, gender, etc. compound this perception. In this article, I examine how the use of profanity in Clinical Pastoral Education can help students experience personal, social, and physical freedom. Association of Clinical Pastoral Education outcomes, demographic data, and a student experience provide support for this assertion.
Subject(s)
Language , Pastoral Care/education , Black or African American/psychology , Black or African American/statistics & numerical data , COVID-19 , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Coronavirus Infections/psychology , Homicide/psychology , Homicide/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Viral/psychology , Racism/psychology , Racism/statistics & numerical data , Unemployment/psychology , Unemployment/statistics & numerical data , United States/epidemiologyABSTRACT
We aimed to develop effective radioligands for quantifying brain O-linked-ß-N-acetyl-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) hydrolase (OGA) using positron emission tomography in living subjects as tools for evaluating drug target engagement. Posttranslational modifications of tau, a biomarker of Alzheimer's disease, by O-GlcNAc through the enzyme pair OGA and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) are inversely related to the amounts of its insoluble hyperphosphorylated form. Increase in tau O-GlcNAcylation by OGA inhibition is believed to reduce tau aggregation. LSN3316612, a highly selective and potent OGA ligand [half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 1.9 nM], emerged as a lead ligand after in silico analysis and in vitro evaluations. [3H]LSN3316612 imaged and quantified OGA in postmortem brains of rat, monkey, and human. The presence of fluorine and carbonyl functionality in LSN3316612 enabled labeling with positron-emitting fluorine-18 or carbon-11. Both [18F]LSN3316612 and [11C]LSN3316612 bound reversibly to OGA in vivo, and such binding was blocked by pharmacological doses of thiamet G, an OGA inhibitor of different chemotype, in monkeys. [18F]LSN3316612 entered healthy human brain avidly (~4 SUV) without radiodefluorination or adverse effect from other radiometabolites, as evidenced by stable brain total volume of distribution (VT) values by 110 min of scanning. Overall, [18F]LSN3316612 is preferred over [11C]LSN3316612 for future human studies, whereas either may be an effective positron emission tomography radioligand for quantifying brain OGA in rodent and monkey.
Subject(s)
Hydrolases , beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases , Animals , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Brain/metabolism , Glucosamine , Ligands , Positron-Emission Tomography , Rats , beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases/metabolismABSTRACT
Music has long been regarded as a valuable tool for educators. Over the last three decades, rap music has grown to become a global phenomenon. However, due to historical and cultural factors, rap music is often underutilized in Clinical Pastoral Education. This article discusses the social significance of rap music, highlights how rap music informed my supervision of a clinical pastoral education student, and examines Chance the Rapper's mixtape Coloring Book as a case study on the utilization of rap music as a relational and pedagogical resource in spiritual education.
Subject(s)
Curriculum , Music , Pastoral Care/educationABSTRACT
SAR around a known molecule with dual 5-HT(1D) antagonist and 5-HT(transporter) inhibitory activity has led to the discovery of molecules with improved dual activity and reduced cross-reactivity toward other aminergic receptors (5-HT(1B), alpha(1), and D(2)).
Subject(s)
Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology , Naphthalenes/chemistry , Piperazines/pharmacology , Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1D/drug effects , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/pharmacology , Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology , Animals , Antidepressive Agents/chemical synthesis , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Guinea Pigs , Kinetics , Models, Chemical , Piperazines/chemical synthesis , Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1D/metabolism , Serotonin Antagonists/chemical synthesis , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/chemical synthesis , Stereoisomerism , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
A series of compounds combining the naphthylpiperazine and thienopyran scaffolds has been prepared and evaluated for 5-HT reuptake inhibition with 5-HT1D antagonist activity. The design of these compounds has been based on the 'overlapping type' strategy where two pharmacophores are linked in a single molecule. The resultant dual pharmacological profile has the potential to deliver a more efficient treatment for depression.
Subject(s)
Pyrans/chemical synthesis , Pyrans/pharmacology , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/chemical synthesis , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/pharmacology , Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Antagonists , Serotonin Antagonists/chemical synthesis , Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology , Animals , Humans , Pyrans/chemistry , Rats , Serotonin Antagonists/chemistry , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/chemistryABSTRACT
Incorporation of an SRI (serotonin reuptake inhibitor) pharmacophore into a selective 5-HT(1D) agonist has led to the discovery of a molecule having both 5-HT(1D) antagonist and SRI activity. RPS methodology was used to develop the SAR and identify potential approaches to reduce unwanted adrenergic alpha 1 and dopamine D(2) cross-reactivities.
